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When an inexperienced gardener is looking for grape varieties for the Moscow region, non-covering or covering, he is completely misled. The fact is that such definitions do not exist in viticulture. This concept is an individual characteristic of the variety. For example, if you take the same grape, in the south it will not be covered, but in the Moscow region the vine needs to be covered. The winegrower himself compares the lowest winter temperature in his region with the permissible hypothermia of the vine of the cultivated variety. From the comparisons obtained, it determines whether it is necessary to cover the bushes for the winter or not.
Any vine in the south grows without shelter. However, you can find uncovered grapes for the Moscow region that can withstand low temperatures. Breeders developed these fertile varieties by crossing table grapes with American Librusec. The result was frost-resistant hybrids with early ripening.
You need to know that any young frost-resistant grape varieties for the Moscow region they require mandatory shelter in order to gradually accustom the vine to the cold:
- First year life, the young bush is completely covered;
- second year lives perform similar actions;
- in the third year One sleeve is left uncovered in life.
In the spring, uncovered canes determine whether the vine in the region is able to survive the winter when grown outdoors.
In the Moscow region, highly heat-loving grapes are even grown indoors, using greenhouses. A special feature of the culture is that it is not afraid of frost. Temperature changes are detrimental to the vine, when cold weather is often replaced by thaw. The bush is saved from frost by shelter, but it will cause damage with the arrival of warmth. At elevated temperatures, buds begin to rot.
The video provides an overview of winter-hardy grape varieties:
Review of winter-hardy varieties
To find out which grape varieties are best to plant in the Moscow region, you need to take into account the lowest possible winter temperature and the time of onset of cold weather. By the time it gets cold, the crop should produce a harvest, lay fruit buds and enter the dormant stage. Early ripening varieties are optimal for the Moscow region; it is better if they are zoned.
Aleshenkin
Worthy early grape varieties for the Moscow region are represented by the productive crop Aleshenkin. The maximum ripening time for the crop is 115 days. The brushes are large, often with branches. The shape of the bunch resembles a cone. Large brushes weigh 1.5–2.5 kg. The average weight of the bunches is 0.7 kg. The berry is large, oval in shape, weighs up to 5 g. The fruit is yellow-green, more like the color of light honey. There is a faint white coating on the skin.
The bunch contains many seedless berries. The taste is evenly balanced between sweetness and acidity. The pulp is juicy and tender. Subject to the conditions of agricultural technology, an adult bush can produce 25 kg of harvest. The culture is considered frost-resistant, as it can withstand temperatures down to -26OWITH.
The manifestation of fungal diseases is observed in stormy summers. The harvest can only be saved by regular spraying with fungicides every two weeks.
The video shows the Aleshenkin variety:
Victoria
When considering grapes in the Moscow region, descriptions of varieties, photos, it is worth stopping at the time-tested Victoria. The culture has long adapted to the local climate, withstanding frosts down to -26OC. Muscat grapes ripen at about 110 days. The grapes grow large, weighing up to 7 g. The shape of the fruit is oval. The flesh and skin are pink, with a white coating on top. The fruits are very sweet and juicy; if there is excess moisture, they crack. The aroma of nutmeg appears only in fully ripened fruits.
The bunches weigh from 0.5 to 1 kg. The brushes are loose, but have an excellent presentation and are easy to transport. Because the crop was rich in sugar, wasps chose it. Insects are able to quickly chew through the thin skin and eat away the pulp.
Kuderka
Among the late grape varieties for the Moscow region, Kuderka stands out. Among themselves, winegrowers call him Kudrik. The yield of an adult bush is unusually huge - up to 100 kg. The spherical berries are dark blue, almost black. The pulp contains a lot of sugar, which allows you to make delicious fortified wine. The mass of the clusters is about 300 g. The shape of the bunch is cone-shaped, sometimes cylindrical. The berries are not collected tightly, and loose clusters are often found. Frost-resistant and sweet grape variety for the Moscow region Kuderka can withstand temperatures down to -30OWITH.
The culture does not require special care. Mildew and oidium bushes are rarely affected, but phylloxera is afraid. The method of combating the disease is preventive spraying.
Lydia
When considering uncovered grape varieties for the Moscow region, reviews from gardeners often praise the unpretentious Lydia. The culture is mid-season. The harvest ripens in 150 days. Bushes of medium height. Intensive growth of shoots is observed with increased humidity and fertilizing with humus. The clusters grow small, weighing 100–150 g. The berry is usually round, but sometimes slightly elongated fruits grow. When ripe, the skin turns red with a purple tint. There is a white coating on top.
The pulp is slimy, sweet with the aroma of strawberries. There is a lot of acid in the skin. Moreover, it is rough, which can be felt while chewing. Sugar content – up to 20%. Up to 42 kg of crop is harvested from an adult bush. The variety is resistant to diseases. The vine can withstand frosts down to -26OWith, but without shelter for the winter, grapes are best grown only in the southern regions.
Jupiter
When looking for uncovered sweet grape varieties for the Moscow region, it is worth giving preference to early culture Jupiter. Harvest ripening occurs after 110 days. The bushes are medium tall. The clusters grow large, weighing about 0.5 kg. Brushes are formed of a cylindrical or indefinite shape. The density of berries per bunch is average. Sometimes there are loose brushes.
Ripe berries are dark red. The skin has a purple tint. The shape of the berries is elongated, oval. The fruit weighs about 6 g. The pulp is sweet with a nutmeg aroma. Sugar content more than 21%. The vine can withstand temperatures as low as -27OWITH.
Sovering Tiara
The category of the best grape varieties for the Moscow region for open cultivation includes Sovering Tiara. The vine has time to fully ripen before the onset of cold weather. The harvest begins in the third ten days of August. The bushes are vigorous, the vines are spreading. The mass of the bunch usually does not exceed 200 g. The berries are round, small, weigh about 4 g. Ripe fruits are white. The berries are collected tightly in the brush. The pulp is slimy, sweet and sour taste. An adult vine can withstand frosts down to –30OWITH.
Valiant
Early grapes, zoned for the Moscow region, bear fruit in the third ten days of August. In cool, stormy summers, berry ripening may take until September. The bush is powerful and vigorous. The clusters grow small, 10 cm long, weighing about 100 g. The berries are spherical in shape. The pulp is slimy with a large stone. The black skin does not come off easily. There is a white coating on the surface.
Valiant is considered a technical grape for the Moscow region, from which wine or juice is made, but can be used instead of a table variety. The berries in the bunch are collected tightly. Sugar content is about 20%. The ripe berry is full of strawberry aroma. An adult vine can withstand frosts down to –45OC, which rightfully places grapes in the non-covering group.
Phenomenon
If you want to grow resistant grape varieties for table use in the Moscow region, preference is given to Phenomena. The culture produces large cone-shaped brushes weighing about 1 kg. The vine is not very strong in growth. Medium sized bushes. The berries are shaped like an elongated oval. The skin is white, often with a yellow-green tint. The taste of the pulp is sweet and sour. Sugar content is about 22%.
The harvest begins to ripen in the second half of August. The bunches can hang on the vine until mid-September.The vine tolerates frosts down to -24OC. In industrial cultivation, the yield is 140 c/ha.
Alpha
Frost-resistant American variety can withstand temperatures down to -35OC. The structure is a liana bush. The lashes can grow up to 9 m long. The leaf is large, 25x20 cm in size. The variety is considered medium-late. The harvest is harvested after 150 days. Medium-sized cylindrical brushes. The berries are collected tightly. The fruits are round and slightly elongated. The skin is black with a white coating. The slimy pulp has a lot of acid. The ripe fruit has a pronounced strawberry aroma. The yield from one adult bush reaches 10 kg.
When industrially growing grapes, the yield is about 180 c/ha. The variety has excellent resistance to common diseases. The only weakness it shows is chlorosis. Bushes are often used to decorate gazebos and create hedges.
Buffalo
The variety is considered early, but in the Moscow region the clusters ripen in the third ten days of September. The bush is spreading and vigorous. New shoots ripen before the onset of frost. The clusters grow cone-shaped, often of an indefinite shape. The berries are collected tightly, but there are also loose clusters. The fruits are large, spherical, sometimes slightly elongated. The skin is dark blue, almost black, with a white coating.
The berries taste sweet and sour. The aroma of the pulp is reminiscent of a forest pear. The composition contains up to 21% sugar. Under industrial cultivation conditions, the yield reaches 120 c/ha. The vine can withstand frosts down to -28OC. The variety is slightly susceptible to mildew and oidium. According to its intended purpose, the variety belongs more to the technical group. Wine and juice are made from the berries.
Conclusion
Looking for the best, frost-resistant, new grape varieties for the Moscow region, experienced gardeners plant 1-2 crops. If the vine overwintered well and began to grow in the spring, then the variety is suitable for the region.
Reviews
A lot of reviews have been written about uncovered grapes for the Moscow region. Every avid gardener has their own favorite variety.
