Content
Pear is a fruit crop that can be grown both in the south and in regions with an unstable climate. When choosing a seedling, it is necessary to take into account frost resistance, taste and disease resistance. The best representative for cultivation in the Central region is the Rogneda variety. The pear is unpretentious, ripening in autumn. Valued for its juicy, aromatic, round-shaped fruits. Descriptions, photos and reviews of the Rogneda pear give a complete picture of the frost-resistant variety.
Description of Rogneda pear
The Rogneda variety was grown by Russian scientists by crossing Forest Beauty and Tema pears. Over many years of research, the Rogneda pear was included in the State Register and recommended for cultivation in regions with an unstable climate.
Rogneda pear is a medium-sized variety. The height of an adult tree is no more than 5 m. The wide-pyramidal crown is compact, formed by slightly curved, brown-olive shoots. The compactness of the crown is explained by the slow growth of branches and the small formation of young shoots.
The tree is densely leafy.The oblong, dark emerald leaves are medium in size and have jagged edges.
Fruit characteristics
Rogneda pear is an early ripening variety with an autumn ripening period. The first fruits appear 4 years after planting, at the end of August.
The rounded fruits are located on a thick stalk. They have a waxy surface and a light yellow color with a delicate pink blush. The variety is capable of crumbling after over-ripening, so harvesting should not be delayed. It is recommended to pick pear fruits 2 weeks before full ripeness and place them in a dark place until ripening.
The fruits weighing 120 g are covered with a thin but dense peel and have juicy, aromatic cream-colored pulp. The fruits contain:
- acids – 0.15%;
- sugar – 7.5%;
- dry matter – 13.7%.
A special feature of the Rogneda pear is its nutmeg aroma, very reminiscent of the smell of southern varieties. Due to their sweet taste and delicate aroma, pears are consumed fresh, used for preparing fruit salads, as well as for various preservations: compotes, jams and preserves. Due to its high sugar content, the variety is used in winemaking.
Pros and cons of Rogneda pear
The Rogneda pear gained popularity among gardeners for its positive qualities. These include:
- precocity;
- immunity to diseases;
- resistance to cold and short-term drought;
- unpretentiousness in cultivation and care;
- high productivity;
- versatility in application;
- good appearance and light nutmeg aroma;
- The shelf life of fresh fruits is 3 months.
Optimal growing conditions
In order for the Rogneda pear to develop quickly and bring a generous harvest, it is planted in a well-lit place, protected from gusty winds. The soil on the site should be light, fertile, with groundwater occurring at a depth of 2-3 m.
Wet, heavy soil leads to root rot and plant death. To ensure that the pear has enough light, it is planted at a distance of 3 m from buildings and 5 m from other trees.
Planting and caring for Rogneda pear
It is better to purchase seedlings from trusted suppliers or nurseries. A young tree should have a well-developed root system and a healthy trunk with a diameter of at least 1.5 cm, without mechanical damage. Plants with a closed root system can be planted in spring, summer or autumn. Pear seedlings with bare roots take longer to adapt to a new location, so they can be planted in the spring, before the leaves bloom, and in the fall, a month before the onset of cold weather.
A seedling of the Rogneda pear variety is purchased at 2 years of age; before purchasing, you must read the description of the variety and view the photo.
Landing rules
For rapid growth and development, proper planting is necessary. To do this, prepare a hole 2 months before planting the pears. A hole is dug 80 cm wide and 60 cm deep. The dug soil is mixed with humus and mineral fertilizers. If the soil is clayey, add sand. The prepared soil is poured into a mound into the planting hole and spilled.
For better survival, the pear seedling is kept in warm water for several hours with the addition of a growth stimulant. Before planting, the root system is carefully straightened and laid out on a prepared mound.The seedling is sprinkled with earth, compacting each layer so that there is no air cushion. For a properly planted seedling, the root collar should rise 5 cm above the ground surface. The top layer is compacted, watered and mulched.
A young pear seedling will sit firmly in the ground only 2 years after planting, after the root system has developed and strengthened, so the plant needs support. To do this, place a peg nearby, to which a pear is tied.
Watering and fertilizing
The yield and taste of the fruit depend on proper watering. Rogneda pear is a drought-resistant variety, but with a lack of moisture, the plant develops and bears fruit poorly. Therefore, watering is an important element in care. Since the root system of an adult plant is well developed and goes deep into the ground, it can find moisture on its own. But there are watering standards.
For a young pear:
- during the growing season - up to 3 buckets of warm water are used per specimen;
- in summer – 50 liters of water;
- in the fall before preparing for winter - 150 liters of water.
For a fruiting tree:
- from flowering to harvest - 5 buckets of water;
- during leaf fall - 150 liters of water.
Watering of pears is carried out in specially dug grooves along the perimeter of the trunk, to a depth of 15 cm. After irrigation, the trench is covered with earth, the trunk circle is loosened and mulched.
Timely fertilizing also affects productivity. It will protect against diseases, promote rapid development and the formation of a large number of fruits. An excess of fertilizers, as well as a lack of them, can have a detrimental effect on a pear tree. If the seedling is planted in fertile soil, then it will not need feeding for 3 years.
Fertilizer application scheme for one pear tree:
- In early spring, before the buds open, 10 buckets of organic matter or 0.5 kg of urea are added to the tree trunk circle. Urea is applied strictly according to the instructions; fresh manure is not used as a top dressing.
- During the flowering period - complex mineral fertilizers: add 50 g of superphosphate, 40 g of potassium sulfate and 1 liter of diluted manure to a bucket of water. Each plant uses 4 buckets.
- When forming a crop, 0.5 kg of nitrophoska and 1 g of sodium humate are diluted in 10 liters of water. Up to 5 buckets are poured under each tree.
- After harvesting, 300 g of superphosphate and potassium sulfate are scattered around the pear.
Trimming
The quality and quantity of the harvest depends on a properly formed crown. Pruning of the Rogneda pear variety is carried out in early spring, before sap flow, to thin out and correct the crown. In autumn - sanitary pruning, removal of dry, damaged branches. The work is carried out with a sharp, sterilized instrument. Formation of a pear tree:
- The annual pear is shortened, leaving 50-60 cm above the ground. Thanks to this pruning, branches from the lower buds will begin to develop.
- In 2-3 year old plants, the central conductor is shortened by ¼ of the length. Excess shoots are also removed, leaving 4 powerful branches growing at an acute angle.
- Branches growing at an acute angle and inside the crown are cut strictly to fit the ring.
- If flower buds have formed on a vertical branch, it is redirected horizontally and fixed to the ground with twine.
- When removing shoots more than 3 cm thick, to prevent damage to the bark, the branch is cut first from below, then from above.
- All cuts are covered with garden varnish.
Whitewash
Whitewashing of pears is carried out in early spring, before the earth warms up, and in late autumn. It protects the tree trunk from sunlight.Lime is used as a solution, which is diluted in warm water to the consistency of thick sour cream.
Method of carrying out the work:
- Whitewashing is carried out in dry sunny weather.
- Before processing, the trunk is cleaned with a metal brush or wooden scraper to remove moss, lichen and damaged bark.
- The cracks are covered with garden varnish.
- For whitewashing, use a paint brush or paint sprayer.
- The trunk, skeletal branches of the lower tier, and the fork are whitewashed.
- Young trees with smooth bark do not need whitewashing, as it can clog the pores and harm the plant.
Preparing for winter
Prepare the pear for frost immediately after leaf fall. To do this, you need to listen to the advice of experienced gardeners:
- The area around the trunk is cleared of fallen leaves and other plant debris.
- The tree is watered generously, the soil is loosened and covered with a 20 cm layer of sawdust.
- If there are damaged areas on the trunk, they are cut off to healthy tissue, the cut site is treated with a copper-containing preparation and covered with garden pitch. Moss and lichen are removed with a metal brush or wooden scraper.
- Rogneda pear is a frost-resistant variety. An adult tree does not need shelter. The trunk of a young tree is wrapped in burlap or spruce branches.
Pollinators of the Rogneda pear
The variety is capable of partial pollination, it all depends on the location of the stamens. But in order for the harvest to be consistently high, pollinating varieties are planted nearby, such as Vidnaya, Chizhevskaya, Miladya. You can choose another variety, the main thing is that it is cold-resistant and has the same flowering time.
Productivity
Rogneda pear is a high-yielding variety; with proper care, up to 5 buckets of fruit can be collected from one mature tree.The high yield is explained by the fact that the pear tolerates sudden changes in temperature well and continues to grow and develop even with the sudden return of spring frosts. Due to its unpretentiousness and high yield, the Rogneda pear is grown in summer cottages and on an industrial scale.
Diseases and pests
Rogneda pear is immune to scab and fruit rot. However, with improper and untimely care, the following diseases can affect the pear:
- Powdery mildew – the trunk, branches, leaves and ovaries are covered with a white coating, which over time acquires a rusty color. You can save the tree by treating it with a 10% solution of potassium chloride. After 2 weeks, treatment is carried out with a 0.5% solution prepared from potassium salt and urea.
- Sooty fungus – fruits and leaves become covered with a black coating. Wood is treated with insecticides.
- Rust – orange-colored growths form on the leaf blade. Without treatment, the disease spreads to the fruits. The fight consists of treating the plant with a copper-containing preparation before flowering. After fruiting, treatment is carried out with 1% Bordeaux mixture.
In order to avoid problems and get a regular harvest, it is necessary to regularly loosen the tree trunk circle, collect and burn fallen leaves, and apply fertilizing in a timely manner.
Reviews of the Rogneda pear variety
Conclusion
Descriptions, photos and reviews of the Rogneda pear show its ideality. Due to its high yield and unpretentiousness, it is suitable for beginner gardeners and experienced farmers. With a minimum of effort and maximum care, the pear tree will reward you with juicy, aromatic fruits.
