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Among the favorite fruit trees, summer residents always mention the pear. The work of breeders is aimed at ensuring that pear trees can grow even in the difficult climatic conditions of Siberia and the Urals. Among the famous scientists who worked on this issue were P.N. Yakovlev, S.P. Yakovlev and Ya.S. Nesterov. By crossing two wonderful varieties “Olivier de Serre” and “Tema”, an autumn pear in memory of the breeder Yakovlev was obtained, the description of which we will devote this article to. Currently, the pear variety in memory of Yakovlev grows in different parts of Russia, and is grown in specialized nurseries.
Description of wood characteristics
Pear variety in memory of P.N. Yakovlev is in great demand, and his full description includes a description of the appearance, taste characteristics and agrotechnical nuances of cultivation. Some are more important to gardeners, some are not of primary importance.
Description of the pear variety in memory of P.N. Yakovlev let’s start with the period of fruit ripening. After all, this is a very important characteristic. It determines at what time the harvest can be obtained and what care requirements the variety has.
The tree is small in size, although fast-growing. The tree height of the Yakovlev memory pear variety does not exceed 1.5 - 2 meters.
The crown is round, of medium density.The symmetrical skeleton of the Yakovlev pear is formed by branches located at right angles to the trunk.
The variety is distinguished by the fact that it has no problems with bud awakening and produces shoots well. The gray colored bark varies in structure. On young shoots it is smooth and flaky on skeletal branches and trunk.
The buds are conical, slightly bent. The foliage is dark green, ovoid, with sawtooth-like teeth along the edges. The leaf petioles are long, up to 2 cm.
The flowers of the pear in memory of Yakovlev are white, large, the petals are separate, without terry, but very beautiful, as confirmed by the photo.
And the main parameter in the description of Yakovlev’s pear remains the fruit.
After all, they are the result of all the efforts of gardeners during the season. The fruits of the variety are large and medium-sized with smooth skin. The weight of one is about 200 g. The color of ripe fruits is golden yellow, reminiscent of a tan, there are almost no subcutaneous spots. The stalk is not thick, curved, but long. Its length can reach 4.5 cm. The taste is sweet, the flesh is juicy and semi-oily without astringency.
According to reviews, fruiting of the Yakovlev memory pear variety begins 4-5 years after planting the seedling. And gardeners receive a full harvest from the age of 7 years. One pear of the Yakovleva variety at this age produces more than 20 kg of juicy fruit per season. In the future, according to reviews from gardeners, the yield of the Yakovlev Memory pear is constantly increasing. The fruits ripen in the second half of September and can hang on the tree for quite a long time without falling off. They can be stored for up to 1.5 months and are great for processing. Therefore, summer residents leave a certain amount of the harvest for fresh consumption, and prepare aromatic jam and compotes from the remaining fruits.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
In order for the information about the characteristics of the pear in memory of the scientist Yakovlev to be complete, it is necessary to take into account the reviews of those gardeners who grow the variety on their plots. Based on the descriptions and photographs taken by gardeners during the growing season of the tree, one can judge the reliability of the information and the merits of the pear in memory of Yakovlev.
Ripe fruits hold well on the tree and are also transported. Among the advantages of the variety, the following parameters should be noted:
- High level of winter hardiness. Even under extreme winter conditions, freezing of no higher than 2 points is recorded.
- Resistance to fruit diseases. It was noted that the variety is not affected by scab, septoria and brownishness.
- Productivity. The average is 25 kg per tree.
- Keeping quality. The collected fruits are stored well and do not require special conditions.
- Precociousness. According to the description of the variety, reviews and photos of gardeners, mass ripening of Yakovlev pear fruits occurs already in the third year of life. And the fruiting time is early autumn, which will allow you to slowly harvest the crop before the onset of frost.
- Appearance of a tree. The harmonious arrangement of skeletal branches and the small height of the pear variety in memory of the breeder Yakovlev give the tree an attractive decorative appearance.
- Taste qualities of fruits.
- Possibility of dense plantings in small areas. It can be carried out under seed rootstock conditions.
- Self-fertility. Pollinators are not required for the productive pear variety Yakovlev memory. The tree can be planted separately in the garden. But in order for pollination to occur more actively and fruiting to increase, it is recommended to plant other varieties in close proximity to the Yakovlev memory pear.According to the description of the species and reviews from gardeners, the best pollinators for the Yakovlev memory pear are the “Avgustovskaya” or “Lada” varieties, which can be seen in the photo.
Augustovskaya
Lada
The winter pear variety for the garden in memory of the breeder Yakovlev has no significant disadvantages.
But it should be noted:
- Weak drought resistance. In years with insufficient precipitation, according to the description of the variety, Yakovlev pear needs additional proper watering, as in the photo.
- Unevenness of ripened fruits. The deficiency is observed in older trees in years with abundant fruiting. This is confirmed by reviews from summer residents, descriptions of the characteristics of the variety and photos of pear fruits in memory of the breeder Yakovlev.
- Inclusions of stony cells in fruit pulp.
The listed parameters should not be considered serious shortcomings. With proper care, many manifestations can be avoided.
Planting a tree on the site
According to reviews, planting Yakovlev pears includes standard steps:
- choice of location;
- preparing the planting hole;
- selection of seedlings;
- planting process.
The place for the pear is chosen to be level and dry. An important condition should be good lighting. Be sure to monitor the groundwater level. If they are located close to the surface, this place will have to be abandoned. The variety requires fertile, fertilized soil, which must be prepared in advance. And the place is also chosen in advance, because the pear tree does not like unnecessary transplants.
Before choosing a seedling, it is carefully examined. First of all, pay attention to the appearance of the seedling.
It must not have:
- no black spots;
- signs of rotting;
- dried wood;
- sick weakened roots.
To protect yourself from a low-quality purchase, it is better to purchase a seedling from a specialized nursery.
According to gardeners, planting pears of the Yakovlev variety must be carried out strictly following the description and photo of the process.
For planting, prepare a hole with a depth of 1.2 m and a diameter of at least 0.9 cm. Such parameters must be maintained so that the developed root system of the pear seedling is not damaged. The pit is prepared a week before planting.
The soil dug out of the hole is mixed with:
- humus - 3 buckets;
- sand - 2 buckets;
- potassium sulfate – 3 tablespoons;
- superphosphate – 1 cup.
The number of components is indicated for one tree. Stir 2 cups of wood ash in a bucket of clean water. For acidic soil, add the same amount of dolomite flour. Water the hole with solution and leave until planting.
Then a peg is driven into the hole. Its height should be higher than the pear seedling. Pour a mound of earth onto the bottom, place the roots on it and carefully straighten them. Now they are covered with soil, periodically shaking the seedling so that voids do not form between the roots.
The soil is compacted and the seedling is watered in two steps so that the moisture is absorbed. Mulch the circle around the trunk with humus or peat.
Planting the Yakovlev memory pear in the fall uses the same technology, but it is permissible in the southern regions.
Care
According to the description of the variety and photos of experienced gardeners, caring for the Yakovlev pear variety consists of the usual procedures:
- Glaze. Abundant in dry years. With average precipitation - as necessary. Only in the first year the seedling is watered regularly - once every three weeks. The main thing is not to overdo it, the variety does not tolerate waterlogging.
- Feeding. In the first year, seedlings do not require fertilizer.Simply, at the time of planting, certain components are added depending on the structure of the soil to ensure access of oxygen to the roots. On sandy soil this is peat, compost and humus. On clay soil - river sand, compost and peat. Legumes planted between rows nourish the soil well. For a two-year-old tree, potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers are applied. The tree is fed for the first time before flowering, then repeated at the time of flowering and when fruit sets. Each feeding is combined with watering.
- Weeding around the trunk circle.
- Preventive and therapeutic treatments against diseases and pests. For these purposes, fungicides or Bordeaux mixture (3%) are used. During the flowering period, it is permissible to use “Inta-Vira” or “Strobi”.
- Shaping and trimming. Reviews from experienced gardeners will tell you how to prune a pear in memory of Yakovlev. The formation of the Yakovlev memory pear trunk is carried out throughout the life of the tree, and the first pruning is done when the seedlings reach one year of age. In the future, the variety needs sanitary, rejuvenating and formative pruning so that the development of the tree is correct.
- Shelters for the winter. Experienced gardeners douse the trunk with water before the onset of frost. The frozen trunk protects the tree from frost.
Judging by the description, reviews and photos, the Yakovlev pear does not require special growing conditions, so it is found everywhere.
Reviews
Educational video on the topic:
How cute she is.. I love her very much, the fruits are beautiful and tasty, in the middle zone they ripen in early-mid September, just what I need..
I have had 2 trees of the “In Memory of Yakovlev” variety for more than 25 years. There is nothing to water, the pond is far away, and our pumping has long been destroyed, so whatever God sends (rain), we rejoice. Our region is quite arid, and the planting site is generally the former Bald Mountain, where the grass was dried. The height of the upper branches is approximately 5m from the ground. I don’t even know how to calculate the harvest, but it’s definitely not 25kg. and not even 250kg from a tree. I haven’t been able to move them for about ten days, even though we’re collecting 4 buckets each. And there are also plenty of them on the trees, and a bunch of fallen and broken ones. Now, at the end of July, on the south side they are fully ripe, greenish in the shade, but already tasty. Only this year is probably not an example, because the heat was over 30 already in May, and all summer, with the exception of a few days, it was in the same spirit. They usually sing in the second ten days of August (if they don’t steal it before then).Everyone who got these pears will gorge themselves on them. The taste is wonderful, very juicy. Suitable for everything - including food. and for workpieces.
When does this type of pear ripen?
Autumn variety “simply Maria”