Content
History of selection
The breeding of the variety was carried out by scientists from the Rossosh experimental station in the Voronezh region. The author is the breeder A. Ya. Voronchikhina. The Yulia hybrid was obtained by crossing Guini red and Denissena yellow cherries. Entered into the State Register in 1992.
Description of culture
The description of the Julia cherry was compiled by the originators of the variety. The tree is vigorous and grows quickly. In adulthood it reaches a height of 8 m or more. The crown of the variety is spreading, pyramidal, but not too thick. The branches are heavily leafy, the lower ones are slightly drooping. The bark on the shoots is smooth, gray-cherry in color. The cherry shoots themselves are not large, their internodes are long.
There are a lot of leaves. The leaf blades are long, oval, with pointed tips. There are serrations along the edges and a small edge at the bottom of the leaf. The petioles are long and thin. Inflorescences consist of 2-3 white flowers. The pride of the variety is its fruits.
The berries of the Julia variety are large (5-6 g) and heart-shaped. The skin of the fruit is shiny, yellow-pink in color. The intensity of color depends on the lighting of the tree. The pulp is dense with fibrous inclusions. The color of the pulp is cream, so the juice from the berries is colorless. The taste is usual - sweet with a hint of sourness. Gardeners give a tasting rating of 3.5 points out of 5. At the end of the description there is a photo of the Julia cherry tree.
It is recommended to grow the variety in the Lower Volga and Central Black Earth regions. The most important activities for a gardener are planting and caring for Julia cherries.
Characteristics
When choosing a tree for their plot, gardeners try to familiarize themselves with the main characteristics of the Julia cherry variety.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
The frost resistance of the Yulia cherry variety is above average. All parts of the tree - flower buds, wood, root system - can withstand frosts down to -30 °C and a little more. If grown in regions with severe frosts, then in severe winters the buds freeze severely (up to 70%).
The variety is highly drought-resistant. It tolerates heat and moisture deficiency well within a reasonable time.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening time
The tree blooms in early or mid-April. Julia is a self-sterile cherry variety. Therefore, it is useless to plant a tree on the plot alone - there will be no harvest. To enjoy the fruits, you need suitable pollinators for the Julia cherry variety. They are planted side by side in the same area. The best pollinating varieties of Julia cherries according to the recommendations of breeders:
- Ovstuzhenka;
- Raditsa;
- Bryansk pink;
- And the way;
- Revna.
The tree is of medium maturity. In regions with warm climates, the berries are ready for harvest in mid-July.For the middle zone, the harvest date falls on the last ten days of August.
Productivity, fruiting
The cherry variety Julia is characterized by a gradual increase in yield. The first collection is possible in the 4-5th year after planting. The average is 25 kg per tree; this harvest is harvested in the 8-9th year of the tree’s life. In the southern regions, productivity continues to increase, but in the Moscow region it remains at this level. The maximum value is 35 kg from a 12-year-old tree and 65 after 15 years of life.
Area of application of berries
Cherries are equally widely used for fresh consumption and for making jam or jam.
Resistance to diseases and pests
The cherry variety is highly resistant to fungal infections. If the timing of preventive treatments is observed, damage by coccomycosis and gray rot is not observed.
Advantages and disadvantages
Using the description of the yellow cherry variety Julia, you can easily make a list of the advantages and disadvantages of the tree. Among the advantages of cherries are:
- good transportability due to the density of the fruit;
- high taste and commercial qualities of berries;
- excellent winter hardiness and heat resistance;
- high growth rate;
- possibility of cultivation in the northern regions.
Minuses:
- late fruiting;
- low yield;
- large tree growth making harvesting difficult;
- self-sterility.
Landing Features
Planting of seedlings must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of the variety.
Recommended timing
It is recommended to plant grafted seedlings in the spring, when the ground has already thawed and the buds have not yet blossomed.
It is also permissible to plant at the end of the growing season.At this time, be sure to tear off the leaves and properly spud the roots and insulate the trunk.
Choosing a suitable location
The Julia variety makes the following requirements for the planting site:
- The condition of the soil is fertile, light, with a neutral pH reaction.
- Moderate humidity - no stagnation of moisture and drying out.
- Sufficient lighting, light partial shade may be allowed.
- Good protection from gusts of wind.
- The occurrence of groundwater is no closer than 2.5 m to the surface. Otherwise, plant on a hill.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries?
Sweet cherries feel good next to stone fruit crops - plum, cherry plum, sloe. The only condition is that you need to maintain the optimal distance between the trees. It is equal to 4.5 m. And proximity to pome trees (apple tree, pear) is permissible only at a distance of at least 5-6 m.
Selection and preparation of planting material
There are criteria for selecting seedlings yellow cherry varieties Julia. The main attention is paid to:
- Roots. The length of the roots should be at least 30 cm, and the root system should be well developed.
- Bark. Optimally – smooth, shiny, uniform. The dryness of the seedling is indicated by the wrinkling of the bark.
- Kidneys. The presence of several buds in the crown formation zone.
Buy planting material before planting - in spring or autumn.
Landing algorithm
According to reviews from summer residents about the Julia cherry, the seedlings of the variety take root quite well. But this does not mean that there are no landing rules for Julia. Key points:
- Prepare a pit with dimensions 70 cm x 89 cm.
- Add a nutrient mixture of organic fertilizers (compost, humus, ash).
- Place the seedling on a mound of soil and place a garter peg nearby.
- Cover with soil, tamp down a little, water and mulch.
Basic moments:
Subsequent care of the crop
Growing Julia cherries requires performing actions that can be safely classified as standard activities:
- The Julia cherry tree needs moderate watering. This means that it should be done as needed. Mulching helps regulate the frequency of watering.
- Feeding. Nutrition is introduced in the fall, and it must be complex - organic compounds are combined with mineral ones. In spring, cherry varieties Julia are fed with nitrogen fertilizers.
- Trimming. It is absolutely necessary, especially after the tree reaches 5 years of age. This procedure increases the yield of cherries, facilitates the process of harvesting fruits, forms the crown, and reduces the density and spread of diseases.
- Preventive treatments are carried out according to timing, and therapeutic treatments at the first signs of disease.
- Preparing for winter. Before the onset of cold weather, the bark is whitened and insulated.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Problem | How to fight |
Coccomycosis | Spraying according to the instructions with Horus or Topaz |
Clusterosporiasis | Removing and burning affected parts. Treatment with Horus |
Moniliosis | Cleaning and removing diseased parts of the tree from the site. Regular implementation of measures to prevent pest attacks. Treatment of cherries with copper sulfate, Nitrafen, whitening of trunks with garden whitewash |
Feathered pests | The use of repellent materials - tapes, rattles, sound signals |
Conclusion
The Julia cherry does not cause gardeners much trouble when growing it.High winter hardiness allows the variety to be planted even in regions with a cool climate.
Reviews
Reviews about Julia cherries cannot be called completely identical. This is due to the fact that the variety has its own pros and cons.
