Content
Cherries Adelina is a variety of Russian selection. Sweet berries have been known to gardeners for a long time. The tree is unpretentious, but not cold-resistant enough; areas with cold winters are not suitable for it.
History of selection
The Adeline variety is the brainchild of the famous breeder O. Zhukov. The Adelina cherry was obtained after crossing the Zhukovskaya Slava and Valery Chkalov cherries. Adeline was included in the State Register of Russia in 1998.
Description of culture
The description of the Adelina cherry variety is as follows - a fast-growing tree, grows up to 4 meters. The crown is medium thick. The trunk is covered with smooth brownish bark. The leaves are elliptical in shape, with pointed tips. The bouquet of flowers consists of three pieces, pinkish in color, most of them female.
The growing season is 70 days. The fruits weigh 7 g and are heart-shaped. The color of the fruit and pulp is red. Its length is 12 mm. The taste of the berries is sweet, the pulp is quite dense.The berries remain intact when picked.
It is recommended to grow the Adeline variety in a temperate climate, for Russia these are the central and southern regions.
Characteristics
The following describes in detail the characteristics of the Adelina cherry variety.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
Sweet cherries require watering; the plant does not tolerate drought. To keep the fruits juicy and not fall off prematurely, you need to water them monthly. In the absence of rain, this is done more often, preventing the soil from drying out.
The frost resistance of Adeline cherries is low. This does not apply to the tree itself, but specifically to the flower buds. In frosty winters or late frosts in the spring, they can freeze, which will lead to crop loss.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening time
This variety, like almost all varieties of cherries, is sterile without a pollinating plant. Pollinators for the Adelina cherry are the cherry varieties Rechitsa and Poeziya.
The plant blooms in mid-May, and in the second decade of July you can enjoy the berries. They do not all ripen at once, so harvesting lasts at least 10 days.
Productivity, fruiting
Adeline begins bearing fruit 4 years after planting. At first the harvest does not exceed 10 kg, but the tree's yield increases over the years, reaching a maximum of 25 kg per tree.
A photo of the Adeline cherry tree can be seen below.
Area of application of berries
Adeline is a table variety. It is best and healthiest to use fresh Adeline cherries. For long-term storage, they are frozen and made into jams, jams, candy fillings and marmalade. Used for making liqueurs and tinctures.
Resistance to diseases and pests
Cherry Adelina has average resistance to moniliosis and coccomycosis.The same can be said about the pests of this plant.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of Adeline cherries include the following qualities:
- Good yield.
- Annual fruiting.
- Precociousness.
- Delicious juicy berries.
Landing Features
Growing Adeline cherries, first of all, requires following the rules for planting the crop. What needs to be taken into account in order to get a healthy plant that produces a high yield.
Recommended timing
Following the recommendations of experienced gardeners, Adeline cherries are planted in the spring. The upcoming summer season provides an opportunity for the plant to take root well; by the onset of cold weather it will produce an increase in shoots and enlarge the root system.
The seedling is planted when it is dormant and the buds have not yet hatched. The soil should just thaw and the temperature should be above zero.
In the fall, you can get a larger selection of seedlings, but planting should be done responsibly. Autumn plantings of cherries do not always remain viable by the following spring.
Choosing a suitable location
Adeline cherries require high, level areas illuminated by the sun. It should not be planted in low places where cold fogs are possible. A layer of groundwater close to the surface will also not be beneficial for the cherry tree; its roots will get wet and freeze. The best are the southern or eastern zones of the garden.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries?
Apple and pear trees, and other pome trees, pull all useful elements from the soil, which takes away nutrition from the cherry. Linden, birch, as well as conifers - spruce and pine - should be excluded from the environment.
From garden plantings, the plant does not tolerate tobacco or nightshade crops nearby. The proximity of blackberries, raspberries, and gooseberries has a bad effect. The best neighbors are cherry and plum, honeysuckle.
Selection and preparation of planting material
The Adeline cherry seedling must be two years old, have roots about 25 cm long. They must be healthy, undamaged, and about a meter high.
Before planting, cherry seedlings are kept in water for 4 hours, the roots are soaked to make it easier to germinate.
Landing algorithm
Planting cherries begins with preparing a suitable place. Pre-prepare the soil, which should not be acidic. To reduce the pH, add ash or lime to the soil, or dolomite flour. The soil is fertilized with superphosphate, humus, potassium sulfur, and wood ash.
Dig a hole with sides of 70 cm. Fertile soil is poured in the center, adding 60 g of superphosphate and potassium sulfur to it. They form a mound on which the seedling is placed, straighten the roots, preventing them from intertwining.
Water is poured into the hole and the roots are covered with soil. The root collar is left, without falling asleep, at soil level. The soil is lightly compacted. A layer of peat or dry grass mulch is poured around the seedling.
Plant plants at a distance of at least 3 meters. A gap of 4-5 meters is left between the rows. To pollinate Adeline cherries, pollinating varieties are planted.
Subsequent care of the crop
Sweet cherries require enough moisture for growth, especially in the spring when flowering, fertilizing, and pruning. Drying out soil will serve as a signal for mandatory watering of cherries; it should not be brought to this state.
Seedlings need nitrogen fertilizer for shoot growth. To do this, add 100 g of urea per 1 m2. Complex mineral fertilizers, compost or humus are applied to mature trees. Be sure to add ash; it enriches the soil with potassium and reduces its acidity.
After winter, remove damaged branches and thicken the crown. This is the so-called sanitary pruning. The cut site is disinfected with copper sulfate and covered with garden putty.
The Adelina cherry tree does not require winter shelter. Young seedlings provide shelter from rodents and cold. In November, the roots are mulched. The trunk is covered with lutrasil or spruce branches.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Diseases of culture | Description | Methods of disposal |
Hole spot
| Brown spots appear on the leaves, then holes appear in their place. The shoots crack and gum flows from them | All diseased parts of the plant are cut out and burned. Dig up the soil around the trunk. Spray the tree and soil with Bordeaux mixture at 3% |
Gray rot (moniliosis) | Appears at high air humidity. Brown spots appear on the leaves. The fruits are covered with rotten plaque | The branches are cut 10 cm below the damage level. The tree is sprayed with fungicides: “Azotsen”, “Topsin”, “Horus” |
Pests | Description of the pest | Ways to destroy them |
Cherry slimy sawfly | The pest is larvae that resemble slugs. They eat leaves, leaving them as bare skeletons. | For prevention, the tree trunk area is dug up. The larvae are destroyed by spraying with Aktara and Confidor. |
Cherry weevil
| Beetle with a long proboscis, green-red. Overwinters in the soil.Gnawing holes in fruits and ovaries, causing them to fall off | Autumn digging of the soil, installation of hunting belts, treatment with Inta-vir, Fufanon |
Black aphid | Small black bugs infest the undersides of leaves, causing them to curl and dry out. | For prevention, ants are destroyed. They use folk recipes - spraying with infusion of garlic, ammonia, sprinkled with tobacco dust. A good remedy is the biological preparation “Fitoverm” |
Conclusion
Adeline cherries and their sweet early berries will bring pleasure to children and adults in the summer, and tea with aromatic jam and jam will warm you up in cold weather. A blooming spring garden will give you the feeling of a holiday of awakening after a long winter.
