Content
- 1 Why are roses grafted onto rose hips?
- 2 When can you get vaccinated?
- 3 What kind of rose hips are roses grafted onto?
- 4 Vaccination options
- 5 How to properly graft a rose onto a rosehip - step-by-step instructions
- 6 Planting and caring for grafted rose hips
- 7 Common mistakes and recommendations
- 8 Conclusion
Grafting a rose onto a rosehip in the spring is one of the main ways to propagate a flower. This method allows you to obtain a new specimen of an ornamental plant without seeds or seedlings. The method is characterized by both advantages and disadvantages. To avoid common mistakes when performing the procedure, you must follow the instructions.
Why are roses grafted onto rose hips?
The main reason is that both plants belong to the same family - Rosaceae. Rose hips and roses have many common characteristics and tolerate crossing, grafting and other breeding procedures well.
Common to the two plants are:
- demands on soil composition, lighting;
- growing temperature;
- structure of bushes.
Rosehip is considered a less whimsical plant and better adapted to unfavorable conditions.Grafting to such a bush allows you to get a full-fledged rose. A plant grown on rose hips is characterized by increased resistance to disease and cold, and is less demanding on growing conditions.
Grafted plants begin to bloom earlier than usual
Due to budding on rose hips, the development of the rose is accelerated. This is because the bush has a deep root system, which provides more nutrients for growth.
When can you get vaccinated?
Spring is considered the best way to budding. During this period, young shoots appear on the bushes, which tolerate rose grafting well onto the rosehip trunk.
The procedure can be carried out in the summer. At this time of year, active movement of juices occurs in the shoots of bushes. It promotes the engraftment of cuttings on the rootstock. Summer vaccination is carried out at the end of July or in August.
In autumn, budding is usually not carried out. During this period, the plant prepares for winter and does not have time to take root on the rootstock. It is allowed to graft cuttings in mid or late February. This option is considered the most time-consuming and complex.
What kind of rose hips are roses grafted onto?
The plant used as a rootstock must be strong and healthy. It is advisable that rose hips grown from seeds or by dividing a bush be used for grafting. Specimens obtained by cuttings are considered less resistant to adverse factors.
The bush must be at least 3 years old
Another important requirement is the absence of damaged shoots or external defects. The bark on the rosehip should be smooth and undamaged.Lignified or dried branches should be removed from the bushes at least several weeks before the procedure.
Preparing the rosehip for the procedure:
Vaccination options
There are several ways to use rose hips as a scion. The appropriate option is carried out taking into account the varietal characteristics of the grafted plant and the conditions of the region.
Budding roses on rose hips
A bud, also called an eye, is used as a scion. It is taken from the mother plant or from a pre-cut cutting. Bud grafting is done in the area of the root collar or above, on the shoots. Typically, the budded eye begins to grow in the spring of the following year, when the rosehip, acting as a rootstock, enters the active growing season.
This grafting method is the most common. When done correctly, this method allows you to grow a new flowering bush in just a few years.
Copulation of a rose on a rosehip
The method involves grafting cuttings. A mandatory requirement is that the shoots of the rootstock and scion must be the same diameter.
The thickness of rosehip stems must be at least 7 mm
Cuttings are prepared as a scion. Each requires 2-3 mature buds. They should not be active during the cutoff period. Cuttings with germinating buds are not used for grafting.
Grafting a rose by its bark
A common method that is used mainly in summer. To graft a rose onto a rose hip, use a previously prepared cutting with buds.
For the rootstock, you need to choose a shoot on which the bark is easily separated from the wood. A cutting with an oblique longitudinal cut is placed under it. It should go 3-4 cm under the bark.
How to properly graft a rose onto a rosehip - step-by-step instructions
For each season, different vaccination options are used. For the procedure to be successful, you should read the detailed instructions.
How to graft a rose onto a rose hip in the spring
The procedure is carried out at the end of March or in April. The exact dates are determined taking into account the climatic characteristics of the region. Constant air temperature should not drop to negative levels.
In the spring, vaccinations are most often carried out using the copulation method:
- Make an oblique cut on the prepared cuttings.
- Soak it in a growth stimulator.
- Make a cut of similar length on the rosehip shoot.
- Connect the cutting to the rootstock so that they are in close contact.
- Tie the grafting site with a rubber thread, plastic tape or linden bark.
- Coat the area where the shoots touch with garden varnish.
The cuts on the rootstock and scion should be smooth, without jagged edges.
Another option for copulation is grafting into a wedge-shaped notch. It is done on a rosehip shoot if the thickness of the scion significantly exceeds the diameter of the cutting. It is given a wedge shape so that it fits inside the cutout.
How to graft a rose onto a rosehip in summer
The method described above is well suited for these purposes. To graft a rose onto a rose hip in the summer, you can use cuttings to cut off shoots with ripe buds. The procedure is carried out in mid or late August.
During the same period, you can use the budding method:
- Cuttings with a mature, well-developed bud are prepared.
- It is separated from the shoot along with a small piece of bark and wood (up to 3 cm).
- The rosehip bush is dug up to expose the root collar.
- Make a T-shaped cut in the bark of the rootstock bush.
- Carefully pull back the bark and place the prepared bud under it.
- The grafting site is covered with a layer of loose soil and moistened.
- The bud is dug up after 2-3 weeks; a small shoot should appear on it, from which a new bush will grow.
The eye should remain outside the cut
You can also budding roses on rosehips in the summer on surface shoots. However, fixing the bud on the root collar of the bush promotes better adaptation of the scion. In addition, such a plant is much easier to separate in the future. It grows well with the root system and it is enough to cut an adult bush into several parts to obtain new specimens.
How to graft a rose onto a rose hip in the fall
At this time of year, copulation or grafting with cuttings is not carried out. Vaccination can only be done in early or mid-September. During this period, the movement of juices in the rosehip shoots does not yet begin to stop.
For propagation, methods of budding and cutting cuttings are used. Experienced gardeners perform bark grafting.
Procedure steps:
- On rose hips, select a shoot with a diameter of 1 cm or more.
- The top part is cut off.
- A sharp instrument is driven under the bark and gently stretched, creating free space.
- A cutting with a long oblique cut is placed in the resulting recess.
The grafting site should be coated with garden varnish and wrapped with film. If the procedure was successful, the cutting will remain fresh after 2-3 weeks. Active growth of the shoot will be next spring.
Grafting roses onto rose hips in winter
In late autumn, as well as in December and January, propagation of plants grown in open ground is not carried out.Grafting roses in winter onto rosehip roots is allowed only in February, provided that the soil is not too frozen.
The procedure is carried out using the budding method. First, the rosehip bush is torn, exposing the root collar. An incision is made into which a bud with a piece of bark is inserted.
Many gardeners encounter difficulties in performing this procedure. Due to the low temperature, the bark on the scion is very hard and it is difficult to make the necessary cut in it. One of the secrets of winter grafting of roses onto rose hips is that when breaking the root collar, you need to put a rag soaked in warm water. Then the temperature of the bark will increase and it can be easily cut and separated from the wood.
After grafting, the root collar is covered with loose soil. It is strictly forbidden to leave the scion outdoors, as it will freeze. To protect the kidney, you can wrap the incision site with film.
Planting and caring for grafted rose hips
Plants grown on rootstocks are recommended to be planted in the ground in the fall. Spring planting is also allowed, which is carried out from late April to mid-May.
Grafted roses are planted in a new place using standard technology. First of all, prepare a hole 60-70 cm deep. A drainage layer and soil mixture are poured into it. The plant is placed in soil with a depth of 5-8 cm.
Roses grafted on rose hips need abundant watering. They are also regularly hilled to stimulate root formation. As the soil compacts, loosening is required. Mulching is necessary in case of prolonged absence of precipitation. Tree bark or peat is added to the soil, which retains moisture and, as it decomposes, supplies the plant's roots with nutrients.
To form a bush and stimulate shoot growth, pinching is carried out. The upper part of the stems is shortened by 2-3 buds. Due to this, the growth of lateral branches is accelerated, which subsequently ensures abundant flowering.
The plant should be pruned for winter. The bush is covered with non-woven material, and the roots are mounded to protect it from freezing.
Common mistakes and recommendations
Grafting is considered the most difficult way to propagate roses. It is not suitable for all varieties.
Taking cuttings can harm the mother bushes and cause wilting
The main mistake that gardeners make is choosing the wrong rootstock. For grafting, rosehip seedlings 3-4 years old are used. The root collar of the bush should be thicker than 7 mm and no wider than 12 mm.
To graft, rose hips must be grown from seeds. Wild specimens are not used.
In the video, how to eliminate mistakes and correctly graft roses on rose hips:
Incorrect selection and preparation of the rose is also the reason why grafting fails. Inexperienced gardeners cut cuttings prematurely when the buds are not yet ripe. Such a scion does not take root on the rosehip and dies very quickly. Cuttings with immature buds are allowed only if they are rooted and used for grafting in late winter or spring.
Many gardeners do not grow roses on rosehips because the cuts were made carelessly. They should be smooth, even, and free of jagged edges. Then the shoots will be in close contact, which will ensure normal fusion.
For vaccinations, it is recommended to use sharp budding or garden knives
It is not recommended to place rose buds in places where thorns were previously located. The scion does not grow well with this place due to the fact that the wood there is denser and the movement of juices is limited.
Conclusion
Grafting a rose onto a rosehip in the spring is a method of propagation that requires a competent approach and strict adherence to the instructions. This procedure is considered labor-intensive and does not always end successfully. It is also advisable to graft roses in the summer. The procedure can be carried out in several ways, which allows you to choose the most convenient one for a particular plant.
