How to feed roses for lush flowering in spring: after winter at the dacha, how to apply urea, mineral fertilizers

Feeding roses in the spring for flowering is carried out several times - after the snow melts, then during the blooming of the first flowers and before the formation of buds. For this purpose, organic, mineral and complex compositions are used. It is advisable to alternate them, but you cannot violate the dosage.

Why do you need to fertilize roses in spring?

Spring feeding of roses with organic, complex and mineral fertilizers is very important. During this period, plants come out of dormancy and begin to gain green mass. To speed up this process, in the spring the soil needs to be enriched with useful microelements that perform important functions:

Nitrogen is part of proteins that ensure rapid cell division and plant development. It is nitrogen that promotes growth processes, so it is a vital element for roses and other crops.
Phosphorus promotes lush and abundant flowering, the formation of peduncles, buds and petals.
Potassium provides plant immunity to adverse weather conditions, diseases and pests. This element also regulates water exchange in rose tissues.
Magnesium is another important trace element that is included in many spring fertilizers for roses. It ensures the normal formation of flower buds.

Timely fertilization creates conditions for lush flowering and increases plant immunity

In spring, roses in the garden should be fed with nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. After winter, the plants are weakened and the soil needs to be restored. Many useful compounds are washed away by meltwater in the spring. The soil is becoming poorer.

Timing for spring fertilization of roses

Feeding roses in the country after winter begins in the spring, namely in March or April. The exact timing depends on weather conditions in the region.

Important! It is necessary to wait until the snow melts completely so that the melt water is absorbed and the soil has time to dry out a little.

Otherwise, the fertilizer will be washed away, and you will have to re-feed the roses.

Main application deadlines by region:

south - end of March;
middle zone - early April;
North-West - mid-month;
Ural, Siberia, Far East - before the May holidays.

Fertilizers are applied several times (depending on the type and variety of rose):

The first feeding is immediately after the snow melts or during planting.
The second is when the first leaves begin to bloom.
Then they feed every two weeks until the buds begin to form, after which the procedure is stopped until summer.

Important! It is better to apply spring fertilizer for roses on a warm day, when the air has time to warm up to +7–8 °C. If the weather is cool, then it is advisable to postpone fertilizing.

The first fertilizer is applied at the end of March or at the beginning of April

Rules for feeding roses

Nutrient mixtures can be applied both by root and foliar methods. In the first case, the resulting solution is poured directly under the root, without coming into contact with the green part of the plant. An alternative option is to embed granules of complex fertilizer into the tree trunk. In the second case, the liquid is poured into a spray container and the stems and leaves of the rose are sprayed.

Foliar feeding

You can feed roses in the spring after winter using the foliar method. In this case, beneficial substances immediately enter the plant through the surface of the leaves and stems. They are absorbed much faster and give effect within a few days. The timing and composition of fertilizers for roses in this case will be the same as with the root method. Rules for the procedure:

The concentration is always reduced by at least 2 times compared to application at the root. A solution that is too concentrated will burn the leaves, which will negatively affect the roses.
Spraying roses in spring is carried out only in warm, dry and windless weather. Otherwise, useful components will be washed away along with sediment.
It is advisable to start spraying early in the morning or late evening so that the sun's rays do not burn the green part of the rose.
You need to feed roses foliarly not in early spring, but 2-3 weeks later than the standard time. The air should warm up to 12–15 °C. By this time, the plants will have formed young leaves, through the surface of which the substances will pass into the tissues.
If using organic mixtures, it is important to filter the solution through a fine sieve or cheesecloth to remove large particles.

Applying fertilizers at the roots

There are two ways to apply root fertilizers to roses in the spring:

Dilute the solution and water the plant at the root.
Scatter granules (for example, azofoska) in the tree trunk circle or embed wood ash along with the soil.

In the first case, the dry preparation is dissolved in water, observing the dosage and safety rules, after which watering is carried out directly under the root, without getting on the green parts of the plant. First you need to make a small depression in the circle around the trunk, which is especially important if the rose grows on a hill. Weather conditions and time are not particularly important, the main thing is that the day is without rain.

In the second case, it is necessary to make a circular furrow around the central shoot, for example, within a radius of 15 cm, then lay the granules and cover them with earth. Another way is to apply fertilizer directly into the planting hole (at planting).

Granular substances are scattered in the tree trunk circle, observing the dosage

What and how to feed roses in spring for lush flowering in open ground

Gardeners use organic, mineral, complex fertilizers, as well as folk remedies. The composition of fertilizing roses in the spring for flowering may vary. It is not necessary to use all the mixtures at once. You can select only 2-3 options and apply them in accordance with the instructions.

Organic fertilizers

Organic fertilizers are absorbed by plants much slower than mineral ones, since they undergo a long stage of processing by soil bacteria. However, these supplements last a long time. They perfectly enrich the soil composition due to the active reproduction of beneficial microorganisms.

Urea

This compound is highly soluble in water and is largely absorbed by roses. It does not cause burns and gives relatively quick results.Therefore, experienced and novice gardeners often choose urea (urea) as the first feeding of roses in early spring. It promotes rapid growth of green mass and also protects plants from the negative effects of return frosts. Dosage – 15 g per 1 m².

Chicken infusion

To prepare, take chicken manure and dilute it with water in a ratio of 1:20. Then infuse for 5–7 days, after which they dilute another 3 times and begin watering.

Important! If the chicken manure is old, it can be used in a more concentrated form - diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10, and then 1:2.

Chicken infusion is an excellent source of nitrogen and other nutrients.

Cow infusion (mullein)

A solution of manure is also prepared by diluting it with water in a ratio of 1:10. Then leave for one week (preferably in the shade). After which it is again diluted 2 times and the rose bushes are watered.

Mineral fertilizers

Inorganic compounds dissolve well in water and are quickly absorbed by plants. They are often used in the spring. The most popular mineral fertilizers: ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, potassium salt.

Ammonium nitrate

This is the first spring feeding, which is characterized by a high concentration of nitrogen, which allows the plant to quickly emerge from the winter dormancy period. Application rate – no more than 25 g per 10 liters. This volume is enough to process 1 m² or 1 adult bush.

Superphosphate

Apply before the formation of buds. If superphosphate is double, it is used in an amount of 7–8 g per plant, if simple – 15–16 g. Usually this composition is combined with potassium salt.

Potassium salt

This is potassium chloride, i.e. potassium chloride, which is extracted from a mineral called sylvite.Contains up to 20% sodium chloride (table salt) and up to 3% magnesium chloride. The application rate is no more than 20 g per plant.

Ready-made complex fertilizers

You can fertilize roses in the spring for better flowering with ready-made compounds that contain all the necessary elements (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). These include the following drugs:

Azofoska - this fertilizer for roses, which is applied in the spring, also has another name: nitroammofoska. Composition of the mixture: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The ratio depends on the type of fertilizer. Apply in spring in April or early June before the first buds bloom. Norm – 30–40 g per 1 m².
Ammophoska - the composition also contains nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in the same ratio. Along with them, the mixture also contains other microelements - sulfur and magnesium. Norm – 3–4 g per 1 m².
Potassium nitrate is a composition with a maximum content of potassium and nitrogen (up to 99.8%). Stimulates the development of roses and helps strengthen its immunity. Dosage in spring – 15 g per 1 m².
“Biomaster” - along with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, this fertilizer for roses contains humates. These are organic salts that help strengthen the immune system, lush flowering and rapid growth of the plant. The dosage is approximately the same – 15–20 g per 1 m².

Azofoska and other complex fertilizers contain all the necessary macroelements for roses

Folk remedies

Even if you don’t have a ready-made composition at hand, you can make it yourself. For example, ordinary weeds or ash left after burning firewood and branches are suitable for this.

Green manure

If weeds have already appeared on the site, they can be mowed at the root (before the seeds begin to form), chopped into small pieces, compacted and filled with water in a 1:1 ratio. The mixture is infused in the shade for 7–10 days, after which it is filtered and diluted 10 times.

Wood ash

The composition obtained from burning firewood, branches, tops and other plant residues contains:

phosphorus;
potassium;
calcium;
chlorine;
magnesium;
sulfur;
sodium;
silicon.

Therefore, wood ash is widely used as fertilizer in spring, summer and even autumn. It is covered when planting - 50–70 g per hole or when digging up the soil - 200 g per 1 m². You can also dilute the ash in a bucket of water (30 g per 10 l) and add it in the spring using the root method.

Yeast

Another effective fertilizer that stimulates the growth of beneficial bacteria in the soil. It is added in the spring by dissolving 20 g of dry or regular yeast in 2 liters of warm water along with 2 tbsp. l. Sahara. The mixture is infused overnight, after which it is diluted 10 times with water.

Onion peel

In spring it serves not only as a top dressing, but also as an effective means of protection against pests. Dry husks are collected from the onion, crushed, measure out 100 g and pour in 2 liters of water, let it boil for 15 minutes. After this, dilute 5 times, i.e. bring the total volume to 10 liters, filter and water the flowers.

A decoction of onion peels protects roses from pests

Recommendations

Feeding flowers in spring is a mandatory procedure. However, it must be carried out with caution - sometimes excessive feeding leads to the opposite effect. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to a few simple rules for spring processing and fertilization of roses:

Before root feeding, it is important to water the soil well, since a concentrated composition can burn the roots. This is especially important in the case of granules that are embedded in the tree trunk circle.
It is important to have time to feed roses in the spring. You should wait until the snow melts completely and the air warms up to 8–10 °C or higher during the day. It is not advisable to fertilize plants during flowering.
Young roses do not need feeding during the first year. It is advisable to add fertilizers when digging up the soil in the fall, for example, add humus in an amount of 3–7 kg per 1 m² (depending on natural fertility level).
When preparing the solution, you should focus on the amount that can be used at one time. The liquid cannot be stored for a long time. If we are talking about foliar feeding, then the solution should only be fresh.
In spring, nitrogen compounds must be used. Inorganic nitrogen (for example, ammonium nitrate) is more suitable for mature roses that have been pruned, and organic nitrogen (urea) is more suitable for young shrubs up to 4–5 years old.
Fertilizers should be alternated.

Conclusion

Feeding roses in the spring for flowering is quite simple. The main condition is to carefully observe the deadlines and application rates. In spring, it is enough to feed the roses 2 times using the root method and carry out 1 foliar treatment. This will ensure rapid growth and lush flowering of the plant.

Feeding roses for better flowering in spring in open ground