Content
Pear is a tree that prefers warm climatic conditions, so growing it in central Russia can become problematic. In the south of the country, gardeners have a wide choice of crops, but residents of other regions have to choose from a small list. However, despite the narrow range, varieties have been bred that grow and bear fruit well even in areas with an unfavorable climate, where summers are hot and winters are frosty. The Autumn Yakovleva pear is just a prominent representative of an unpretentious fruit tree.
Autumn Yakovleva pear is a fast-growing and abundantly fruiting tree.
History of selection
The Autumn Yakovleva pear, also called Yakovleva's Memory, was born by hybridizing genetic material from two varieties “Daughter of Blankova” and “Bergamot Esperna”. Breeders P. N. Yakovlev, S. P. Yakovlev and Z. N. Tsvetaev worked on breeding the hybrid at the VNIIG and SPR named after I. V. Michurin.During tests carried out in 1949, it was revealed that the hybrid inherited only positive qualities from its “parents”.
This pear hybrid was zoned in 1974 for the Lower Volga and Central, Chernozem regions. At the same time, many grow this variety in central Russia.
Description of the Autumn Yakovleva pear with photo
The Autumn Yakovleva pear is a successful hybrid that has inherited mainly positive qualities. The fruit tree is fast-growing, producing a considerable harvest, ripening by mid-autumn.
Tree
Autumn Yakovleva pear is characterized by tall trees. The crown is voluminous, drooping under the weight of the fruit, its shape can be round and pyramidal. The branches are curved, medium in thickness and firmly fused with the main trunk. The shoots are brown with numerous lentils.
The green mass is dense, with leaf blades of medium size. Their shape has a wedge-shaped base, slightly pointed at the end, and jagged edges. The stipules are subulate, the petioles are quite long.
Fruit
Fruit ovaries are formed on ringed twigs. Their number can reach 150 kg per tree. The fruits themselves are small, and their weight varies from 130 to 180 g, some specimens can reach up to 200 g. The shape is asymmetrical, broadly pear-shaped, with a ribbed surface.
The color of the fruit at technical maturity is green with a pinkish-yellow tint. When fully ripe, their color changes to yellow with a blurry red blush. The points characteristic of pears are pronounced and large.
The fruits are small in size, but their taste is pleasant, sweet with a slight sourness.
The peduncle is strong, thickened towards the base, and of medium length. The section shows an oval-shaped heart, where the closed seed chambers are located. The seeds are drop-shaped, brown.
Characteristics of the variety
Most gardeners prefer to grow the Autumn Yakovlevskaya pear precisely because of its positive characteristics. The fruit tree takes root well in unfavorable conditions, which have virtually no effect on yield.
Taste qualities
The fruits of the pear variety Osennyaya Yakovleva have a positive characteristic. Their skin is strong, but at the same time quite thin. The pulp is non-granulated, dense and moderately juicy. The taste is pleasant, quite pronounced, in contrast to the aroma. Many describe it as melting in the mouth, without astringency and with a slight nutmeg aftertaste, the tasting score is 4.9 points.
The fruits of the Autumn Yakovleva pear are universal in use. They are suitable for consumption raw, as well as for preparing various winter preparations (jams, preserves, marmalade, candied fruits, compote). Pear is also suitable as a wine-making raw material.
Ripening time
The Osennyaya Yakovleva pear variety begins to bear fruit in the second half of August. According to the ripening period, this garden plant is classified as an autumn plant, since the fruits reach ripeness by mid-to-late autumn. At the same time, in order to preserve the integrity and taste of the pear, it is recommended to collect the fruits unripe in early September. They can be stored fresh for no more than 75 days, during which time they ripen and acquire a yellow color.
Productivity
Pear productivity is noted as high. For good fruiting, the tree is ready already five years after planting the seedling. The average harvest is about 35-40 kg per tree.
Winter hardiness
Unlike most varieties, the Osennyaya Yakovleva pear has an average degree of winter hardiness. According to breeders, the fruit tree can withstand frosts down to -32 ºC, subject to proper preparation for winter.
Pollinators of pear Autumn Yakovleva
The Osennaya Yakovlev pear hybrid is a self-fertile variety, but the quantity and quality of the harvest improves significantly with the presence of an additional pollinator. It was noted that when adjacent to the Avgustovskaya and Lada varieties, the Osennyaya Yakovleva pear has higher fruiting rates.
The pear hybrid Autumn Yakovleva is determined to have a mixed type of pollination
Growing regions
Despite the fact that the pear variety Pamyat Yakovlev has been zoned for the Central Black Earth and Lower Volga regions, the hybrid has gained great popularity in Central Russia (in the Moscow region, in the Yaroslavl and Ryazan regions). At the same time, you can find a fruit tree even in the gardens of Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan and Estonia.
Conditions suitable for cultivation are considered to be a temperate continental climate with not very frosty winters.
Disease resistance
Pear resistance to fungal diseases is average, so the tree requires periodic prevention. To avoid damage to the plant by various diseases, it is important to choose the right seedling. And also carry out treatment against pests in a timely manner.
Advantages and disadvantages
The Autumn Yakovleva pear variety is popular among gardeners largely due to the advantages of the hybrid.
The variety requires proper crown formation; severe pruning causes active growth of shoots
Pros:
- high productivity;
- stable fruiting regardless of climatic conditions;
- optimal indicators of frost and drought resistance;
- excellent taste of the fruit and its versatility in use;
- keeping quality up to 75 days;
- rich chemical composition of the fruit.
Minuses:
- the tallness of the tree, which makes it difficult to care for the pear and collect fruits;
- susceptibility to fruit scab;
- the need for crown formation.
Landing rules
It is preferable to plant Autumn Yakovleva pear seedlings in the spring. The place chosen for this is sunny, without through winds and with deep groundwater. The pear is undemanding when it comes to soil, but it is desirable that the soil be moisture- and breathable and moderately fertile. Chernozem or loam with acidity levels around pH 5.5-6 would be ideal.
After determining the place for planting, they begin to select a seedling. It should be no more than two years old and have a well-developed root system.
A hole for planting is prepared with a depth of at least 30-40 cm. A drainage layer is laid at the bottom of the hole, then river sand is sprinkled. The roots of the seedling are dipped into a clay mash and laid evenly distributed over the hole. Sprinkle with sand and soil, lightly tamp and water.
Features of care
Caring for the Autumn Yakovleva pear consists of periodic watering, pruning and fertilizing.
In summer, in hot weather, the tree requires abundant watering. It is especially important to irrigate the soil before and after flowering, during the period of fruit formation and during preparation for winter. Water consumption per tree should be at least 30 liters.
The crown is pruned in early spring. In March, old and frostbitten branches are removed, the rest are shortened by 5-10 cm.Spring pruning allows you to stimulate the growth of new shoots and the formation of fruit formations.
Spring feeding of the pear will also be a good incentive for the development and fruiting of the tree. Fertilizers can be applied as early as May; urea is suitable for this; saltpeter is rarely added to the soil. Copper sulfate and a diluted solution of boric acid are used as additional microelements.
It is recommended to whitewash the trunk, which helps protect the tree from pests and sunburn.
Collection and storage
The pear fruits of the Osennyaya Yakovleva variety reach technical maturity by mid-September. During this period, harvesting can begin. Fruits can be stored fresh for up to 75 days. But many gardeners claim that after two weeks of storage their quality begins to deteriorate, so the fruits of this variety are not suitable for winter storage.
Conclusion
The Autumn Yakovleva pear is one of the hybrids that easily takes root in garden plots in central Russia. The variety's ability to bear fruit consistently more than compensates for its shortcomings in the form of tall growth and average resistance to scab. After all, if you follow all the requirements for care and prevention, this fruit tree will delight you with a bountiful harvest for a long time.
Reviews from gardeners about the Autumn Yakovleva pear
