Content
Among late varieties of pears, gardeners value species with a long shelf life of fruits. One of the attractive representatives with this characteristic is the “Belarusian late” pear. The variety has already managed to win the trust of gardeners with its qualities. In cold regions, it is difficult to achieve high yields of large-fruited species, because winter varieties of pears require more heat. “Late Belarusian” produces an excellent harvest in difficult climatic conditions. In addition, the variety has an important advantage for gardeners. The longer the fruits are stored, the better their taste becomes. We will devote the article not only to a description of the pear variety, but will also post photos and reviews of summer residents about the “Belarusian late”.
Characteristics of the winter variety
All information about the tree is important to gardeners. After all, the harvest will not be obtained immediately after planting the seedling. Therefore, you need to determine in advance all the advantages and disadvantages of the variety so as not to make a mistake in your choice. Useful video:
According to the description of the variety, the Belorusskaya Late pear has a high early fruiting rate, so the first harvest can be obtained 3-4 years after planting the seedling. First of all, summer residents are interested in the parameters of the tree, so that even in a small area they can create comfortable conditions for it.
The Belorusskaya Late pear variety is classified as medium-sized. The optimal distance that is maintained when planting this type of tree is:
- from a fence or building to a pear – 3.5 meters;
- between rows of pears (if a garden is planted) - 5 meters;
- between neighboring trees - 4.5 meters.
Reducing the distance is not recommended. If you plant trees closer, each pear will be crowded. For this reason, the branches will interfere with each other, the plant will not have enough sunlight and the yield will noticeably decrease.
The next important characteristic is the time of harvest. The agricultural technology for growing the pear variety and its care requirements depend on the ripening period. The ripeness of the fruits of the Belarusian late winter pear occurs in the second half of September. At the same time, the variety is characterized by high keeping quality. The taste and commercial qualities of pears are preserved for 5-6 months, so you can count on a delicious dessert until the beginning of March.
Basic parameters of tree structure:
- the crown is spherical and dense, reaching 3-4 meters in volume;
- the skeleton is symmetrical with branches extending from the trunk at right angles;
- the tips of the branches point upward;
- shoots are not thick, medium in size, round in cross-section;
- the height of an adult tree is from 3 to 5 meters;
- lentils, buds and leaves are small;
- The color of the leaves is light green, the veining is weak, the surface of the plates is smooth;
- petioles are short without edge, of medium thickness;
- The flowers are large white, with oval-shaped petals.
It would be advisable to continue the description of the Belorusskaya Late pear with a list of the advantages of the fruit. After all, this is the main result of all the gardener’s efforts.
Ripe fruits of the variety have an average weight of 110 g, an elongated shape and a very pleasant taste.The skin is slightly rough, covered with light brown ripples. Ripe fruits are yellow with a crimson side, and at the time of picking they are colored green. The pulp is not too dense with an oily texture.
The fruits are saturated with useful microelements, vitamins and organic acids. Everyone who has ever tried the Belorusskaya late pear claims that it is very sweet, juicy and aromatic.
Advantages and disadvantages
These characteristics can be grouped using reviews from gardeners who grew the “Late Belarusian” pear variety on their plot.
Among the advantages of the winter variety are:
- pear yield, which is up to 16 kg per 1 sq. meters of planting area;
- non-simultaneous opening of flowers, which saves the harvest during the period of recurrent frosts;
- early pregnancy 3 years after planting;
- good winter hardiness and drought resistance;
- pear unpretentiousness to growing conditions;
- high taste and commercial qualities of fruits;
- ability for long-term storage;
- resistance to transportation and loading and unloading operations.
Disadvantages of pear varieties that gardeners most often highlight:
- instability to bacterial burn and scab (especially in cold, damp summers);
- with increasing abundance of fruiting, the size of the fruit decreases;
- partial self-fertility, requiring the presence of pollinating varieties.
Landing according to the rules
To obtain a stable harvest, in addition to the description of the “Belorusskaya Late” variety, reviews and photos, proper planting of the pear is important. To do everything correctly, you need to take into account several parameters:
- Time.It is best to plant the Belorusskaya Late pear variety in the spring. As soon as the snow thaws, wait 4-5 days and begin planting work. The period during which pear seedlings can be safely planted is 2 weeks. In autumn, the variety is planted after the end of leaf fall and before the first frost.
- Place. Pear of any variety loves good lighting. “Late Belarusian” is no exception. The sugar content of the fruit and the overall yield of the variety depend on the amount of light received. For one tree, it is necessary to allocate a space measuring 4 m x 4 m. This area will be sufficient for the full growth and development of the tree. When choosing a location on a plot, it is important to avoid places with clay or sandy soil, where the pear variety does not bear fruit well. An ideal place would be with good black soil, without stagnant moisture, with a loose soil structure. The location of groundwater must be at least 2 m from the surface.
- Planting material. Choosing pear seedlings is a very responsible undertaking. When purchasing, pay attention to all indicators that correspond to a high-quality seedling. Firstly, the absence of thorns on the stem. The presence of thorns indicates that you are being offered a wild pear. Secondly, the state of the root system. Select a seedling with moist fibrous roots, without damage or dried areas. The following requirements for a pear are as follows: a lush crown, elastic branches, dense bark.
The success of planting the Belorusskaya late pear variety depends on the preparedness of the soil. It is necessary to prepare the soil in advance so that the nutrients have time to transform into a form that is easily digestible for the tree. Without nutrition, it will be difficult for a young seedling to grow and develop.Therefore, in the designated place for planting a pear seedling, they dig a hole 0.7 m deep. The selected soil is mixed with sand (2 buckets), compost (2 buckets), potassium (30 g) and phosphorus (20 g). All components are mixed and put back into the pit.
The “Belarusian late” pear is planted in warm, dry weather.
First you need to prepare the seedling. The leaves are removed from it, the damaged parts are cut off and the tree is placed in water for 3 hours.
A depression is made in a pre-prepared hole. Its size depends on the condition of the roots. If the root system is open, then a hole is dug with a depth of 80 cm and a diameter of 1 m. If the seedling has a closed root system, then a hole corresponding to the size of the earthen ball is sufficient.
A stake is inserted into the center of the planting hole, which is needed to fix the seedling. Then the tree is placed.
The root collar is not buried. It should rise 6-7 cm above the soil level.
The roots are covered with earth, the soil is compacted and watered with 3-4 buckets of water.
The tree trunk circle is mulched after moisture is absorbed.
Depending on the type of rootstock, a planting scheme is calculated for several trees. Seedlings on a vigorous rootstock need 25 square meters. m of feeding area, for medium-sized children – 11 sq. m.
Care after landing
Pear is considered an unpretentious crop. Even those who are starting a garden for the first time can cope with the basic care items.
Some activities are quite simple, but they will have to be performed regularly:
- Weeding the trunk circle from weed. In the first 2 years of a young pear’s life, nutrients from the soil should only reach the roots of the tree. This will guarantee the rapid growth and development of the seedling. It will also help protect the tree from pests. It is better to remove weeds by hand or mow them.Loosen the soil around the stem and mulch it. Do not dig up the soil with a shovel, so as not to damage the delicate roots of the pear.
- Watering. The Late Belarusian pear variety requires watering infrequently. The exception will be during dry and dry periods, when watering will be needed twice a week. At the end of August, water-recharging watering must be carried out to prepare the tree for wintering.
- Tree pruning and shaping. They begin to prune the variety for the first time after planting. If the seedling is one-year-old, then its height is shortened to 70 cm. When planting a two-year-old tree, the branches must be cut to 1/3 of the length. The variety is not prone to thickening, so you need to cut the central shoot to ¼ of its length. This will cause lateral branching and prevent the tree from growing much upward. Further pruning of the variety consists of annual removal of branches growing inside the crown. All broken, diseased and dried shoots are also cut out. The main pruning of the variety is carried out in the spring before the buds open. When pruning, use only well-sharpened and disinfected tools. How to properly prune the “Late Belarusian” pear variety in this video:
- Feeding. 2 years after planting in the spring, urea or ammonium nitrate is added in a ratio of 20 g per 1 sq. m. m of pear feeding area. In summer, 40 g of superphosphate is enough for the same area. In autumn, complex mineral compositions without a nitrogen component are used.
- Preventive fungicide treatments to prevent scab damage to trees. During the growing season, at least 3 treatments must be done.
- Preparing for winter. The pear trunk is tied with paper, and the trunk circle is insulated with wood shavings.According to the description of the “Belorusskaya Late” variety and reviews from gardeners, the pear needs shelter for the winter (see photo).
Harvesting and processing
The most enjoyable moment for gardeners is harvesting. At the same time, primary sorting of fruits is carried out. Damaged ones are set aside for processing, while intact and attractive ones are stored and sold. Fruits are picked in dry weather so that there is no dew or moisture on them.
The keeping quality of the variety is excellent; the collected fruits can be stored for up to six months. To preserve the crop longer, you need good ventilation. Fruits are placed in wooden containers or containers. In the description of the Belorusskaya Late pear variety, it is recommended to store the fruits in 1 or 2 layers, wrapped in newspaper, as in the photo:
Fruit storage temperature ranges from +2°C to +8°C.
Reviews from gardeners
Reviews from those who grow the Belorusskaya Late pear show full compliance of the variety with the description and photo.
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