Content
The Auliekol cattle breed is characterized by accelerated growth and high early maturity. Adapts perfectly to a variety of climatic conditions. The high productive qualities of the breed were appreciated by many livestock breeders, so Auliekol cows can be found on many farms.
History of the creation of the Auliekol breed
The Auliekol cattle breed is relatively young. It was bred by breeders in 1992 in the Kostanay region of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a result of crossing three meat breeds. For selection, stud bulls of the Aberdeen Angus and Charolais breeds and a Kazakh white-headed cow were used. The main criteria for selecting breeding individuals were their characteristics such as early maturity, large body weight and ease of delivery.
For 30 years after the development of the Auliekol cattle breed, breeders carried out constant work to improve its productive and breeding qualities. As a result, the beef of Auliekol cattle meets all international standards and is similar in composition to the meat of Angus cows. It has a marbled pattern - the fat is not located around the muscle tissue, but forms thin layers inside the muscle tissue.Kazakh breeders are proud of this achievement, because marbled meat is considered a high-quality product and is in demand on the international market.
Description of the Auliekol breed
A characteristic feature of the Auliekol cattle breed is the absence of horns; about 70% of the animals are polled. The color of cows and bulls is light gray. Representatives of the Auliekol breed can be recognized by the following characteristic exterior features:
- massive, muscular build;
- strong skeleton;
- big head;
- short muscular neck;
- height at the withers for cows is 1.3 m, for bulls – 1.4 m;
- chest width – 58.5 m;
- chest circumference – 2.45 m;
- the skin has 5 layers;
- thick, short hair;
- folds of hair on the forehead of bulls;
- large weight (body weight of males is 950-1200 kg, females - 550-700 kg).
Auliekol cows are highly productive, producing large amounts of milk. Despite the fact that this breed of cattle is meat-oriented.
Indicators of milk productivity of the Auliekol cattle breed:
Calving | Amount of milk (per day) |
1st | up to 17 l |
2nd | up to 15 l |
3rd | up to 22 l |
The yield of meat products, as well as its quality, are at a fairly high level. The slaughter yield of meat from the carcass of an animal of the Auliekol breed is 60-63%. With proper care and compliance with the feeding regime, the daily weight gain of young animals is 1.1 kg. Cows of the Auelikol breed calve on their own. Survival rate for calves is 100%.
The Auliekol breed of cattle is distinguished by its endurance and good immunity. Animals quickly and easily adapt to the local climate, practically without being exposed to changes in temperature and weather conditions. Before cold weather and the onset of the autumn-winter period, Auelikol cattle are covered with thick, dense hair.
Thanks to their strong constitution, auliekols can easily endure periods with a decrease in the amount of succulent feed or a deterioration in their quality.
Pros and cons of breeding
Among the main advantages of the Auliekol breed cattle are the following:
- Excellent acclimatization to climatic conditions.
- Undemanding to the food supply. Animals can eat hay from grasses that other breeds refuse to eat because of their coarseness. They also eat leaves and branches of bushes.
- Well developed herd instinct. Herding cows and bulls is quite easy. They do not wander around the pasture; they graze in one place until they have eaten all the pasture.
- Very high growth energy.
- Strong immunity, thanks to which animals practically do not get sick.
- There are no problems with lambing. The female calves on her own, without any outside intervention or assistance.
- Precocity. The young quickly gain body weight.
- Unpretentiousness to living conditions.
- The ability to travel long distances makes the breed indispensable for livestock farms with remote pastures.
- High yield of high-quality and tasty meat from a carcass.
The only disadvantage of the Auliekol cattle is that the breeding stock of this breed is very small.
Features of maintenance and care
The optimal conditions for aulie cows are free range, when they are loose on a pasture or in open paddocks. Animals are kept on a bedding of hay or straw, 40 cm high, which is added daily. It is completely changed once every 30 days.
Most often, pens are built for Auliekol cattle, fencing off a specially designated area. Animals are kept in them until the onset of persistent cold weather.As soon as the temperature outside drops below zero, the Auliekol breed cattle are transferred to the barn.
Auliekolts love free space, which should be taken into account when building a summer camp. The size of the suburb is determined by the number of individuals based on:
- 1.25x2.15 m per 1 adult female;
- 1.25x1.45 per 1 bull;
- 1.0x1.25 per 1 calf.
The same parameters are followed when constructing a barn. They build it without a special heating system, insulating only the walls and ceiling with polystyrene foam. Optimal conditions in the barn: air temperature not lower than + 15 ° C, humidity not higher than 70%. Also, the room should be ventilated, since Auelikol cattle love fresh air. It is imperative that a space is allocated in the barn for arranging feeders and drinkers.
Often the barn is made seasonal, collapsible, hangar type. The floors are slatted and placed at an angle, which makes sanitary cleaning easier. In a stationary barn, manure removal, feed distribution and water supply are carried out automatically by specially installed equipment.
Cattle of the Auliekol breed are not afraid of rain and wind, but it is still recommended to build a shelter to protect them from heavy rainfall and winds. Cows and bulls feel comfortable even in the summer heat, since thick wool prevents the body from overheating.
A herd of Auliekol cattle can be grazed in distant pastures. Animals can easily cover long distances thanks to their strong and resilient legs.
Caring for young animals
The fur color of a newborn calf of the Auleikol breed is white. Weight varies between 30-35 kg. With proper care, calves grow quite quickly. It is recommended to place young animals in separate boxes. It is important to maintain a comfortable temperature in them.The temperature should not be lower than + 15 °C. The floor should be made of wooden planks, covering it daily with fresh straw or hay.
Diet and walking regimen for young animals of the Auelikol breed (from birth to 2 months of age)
Calf age | Products | Feeding | Walk |
0-20 days | milk | 6 times a day, 150 g |
|
21-29 days | milk | 4 l |
|
30-59 days | milk return oatmeal jelly | 4 l 2 l
100 g | 10-15 minutes (in the paddock) |
2 months | milk return oatmeal jelly vegetables | 3 l (for 1 dose) 6 l 500 g
200 g | 30 minutes |
The amount of vegetables is gradually increased by 200 g every 10 days. Beetroot, carrots, and potatoes are useful. The diet is supplemented with hay, about 500 g per head, adding 10 g of chalk and salt to it.
From the age of 3 months, calves of the Auelikol breed should walk for at least 2 hours. Whole milk is completely removed from the daily menu, replacing it with skim milk (about 5 liters). They also stop giving jelly. The basis of the diet is vegetables, of which the calf should receive at least 1 kg. From the beginning of the month they begin to introduce dry food. The initial norm is 700 g. By the end of the month it is increased to 900 g. Also, young animals are taught to eat silage, starting from 500 g, food is seasoned with 10 g of salt and 15 g of chalk.
The walking time of a 4-month-old calf is 4 hours, during which it must move actively. The amount of skim milk is reduced to 1 liter, and the volume of other feeds, on the contrary, increases. The diet of young animals at this age looks like this:
- hay – 1.6 kg;
- silage – 1.5 kg;
- dry food – 1 kg;
- salt – 15 g;
- chalk – 20 g.
Walking promotes an even distribution of body fat, preventing obesity.
At 5 months, the basis of the diet should be vegetable mixtures. On average, 1 animal should receive about 3.5 kg of a variety of vegetables per day. The same amount of hay is given to the calf. The volume of other products remains the same. Walking is carried out in open pastures for at least 5 hours.
At 6 months, calves of the Auliekol breed are fed with the following products:
- vegetables – 5 kg;
- silage – 5 kg;
- hay – 3 kg;
- dry food – 0.6 kg;
- salt – 20 g;
- chalk – 25 g.
An important condition is compliance with the drinking regime. A calf should drink about 30 liters of water per day. Young animals that have reached six months of age are transferred to the main herd.
Conclusion
The unique Auliekol breed of cattle deserves special attention from livestock farmers. It has high productive indicators and is not picky about housing and nutritional conditions, so it is recommended even for farmer-breeders who have no experience in breeding cattle.
