Content
Cattle get sick often, because most viral infections are transmitted through the air. Bicillin for cattle (Bicillin) is a bactericidal antibiotic that prevents the appearance of peptide bonds, stops chemical reactions involving cell wall peptidoglycan in the early and late stages.
Features of the use of bicillin for cows and calves
Tasteless, odorless crystalline powder of white or slightly yellowish color is used for the preparation of injection solutions. Bicillin for cattle is diluted immediately before the injection according to the manufacturer's instructions. To create a solution use:
- saline solution, also known as sodium chloride solution;
- sterile water for injection.
Composition and release form
Manufacturers supply bicillin for cattle in convenient glass bottles with a total capacity of 10 ml. The biological activity of the drug is determined in units of action of the active substance. It is equal to 1307 units/mg. On the bottle of Bicillin you can read the release date, active ingredients, and the name of the manufacturer.
The substance is practically insoluble in water and loses activity when exposed to:
- acids or substances containing their components;
- oxidizing agents;
- alkaline solutions;
- penicillin enzyme.
Manufacturers produce:
- Bicillin-1 – contains benzathine benzylpenicillin. Bottles of powder 300, 600, 1200 thousand units of 10 and 20 ml. White powder, odorless, tasteless, prone to clumping during long-term storage. Forms a stable suspension with water and saline.
- Bicillin-3 – contains benzathine benzylpenicillin, benzylpenicillin novocaine salt, benzylpenicillin sodium. Bottles of powder 300, 600, 900, 1200 thousand units of 10 ml. A white or slightly yellowish powder, prone to clumping during long-term storage, which turns into a milky suspension when liquid is added.
- Bicillin-5 – contains benzathine benzylpenicillin, benzylpenicillin novocaine salt. Bottles of the substance 1500 thousand units of 10 ml. White powder, can form lumps during long-term storage, does not smell anything, has a bitter taste. When water or saline is added, it forms a cloudy homogeneous suspension.
Pharmacological properties
A natural antibiotic of the penicillin group for cattle actively prevents the growth, spread, and reproduction of gram-positive microorganisms:
- pneumococci;
- Staphylococcus spp., except those producing penicillinase
- clostridium;
- Streptococcus spp., including Streptococcus pneumoniae;
- anthrax bacilli;
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae;
- Bacillus anthracis.
Bicillin for cattle has increased bactericidal properties and antibacterial action, prevents the proliferation of some gram-negative microbes:
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae;
- Neisseria meningitidis;
- Actinomyces israelii;
- Treponema spp.;
- anaerobic spore-forming rods.
Bicillin-1 for cattle, it is gradually absorbed into the body, due to which it enters the bloodstream for a long time, and begins to act after 4 hours. Reaches maximum concentration after 12 - 24 hours.
Bicillin-3 for cattle it hydrolyzes slowly. With a single administration, a concentration in the blood sufficient for treatment is maintained for 6 to 7 days.
Bicilin-5 for cattle is the most effective in combating serious diseases. Reaches maximum concentration after an hour. The required level of penicillin is observed in the body 28 days after the first administration of cattle bicillin. The components of the drug penetrate into milk, so it is not recommended to use it for food purposes.
Indications for use
Bicillin for cattle is used for the treatment and prevention of many diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to penicillin. Among them:
- salmonellosis;
- pasteurellosis;
- bronchopneumonia;
- inflammation of the ovaries, oviducts;
- necrobacteriosis;
- mastitis;
- metritis;
- wound infection;
- otitis;
- urinary tract infection;
- septicemia;
- actinomycosis;
- emphysematous carbuncle;
- streptococcal septicemia.
The effectiveness of bicillin for cattle depends on the dosage, which should be selected by a specialist. It determines the number of units administered and the regularity of injections. If cattle do not have individual sensitivity to the components, then injections of bicillin begin with a double dose, which is considered a shock dose.
The course of treatment is 7 days.For severe illnesses, the veterinarian may prescribe a 14-day dose of the drug. Bicillin for cattle can be used as a powder to disinfect external wounds and accelerate their healing.
Contraindications
Bicillin is not allowed to be administered to cattle with hypersensitivity to drugs of the penicillin group. This may cause unwanted side effects. Veterinarians do not recommend the substance for animals that cannot tolerate novocaine.
Method of administration and dosage for cattle
Bicillin is administered only intramuscularly, inserting the needle to a greater depth. The solution is prepared before injection according to the manufacturer's instructions. Bicillin-5 is administered to a cow to create a high level of penicillin concentration in the body for a long time.
For adult animals, a single dosage is calculated using the formula: 10 thousand units per kilogram of body weight. This allows you to increase the concentration of penicillin in the blood to 4 mcg/ml, which slowly drops to 0.09 mcg/ml over the course of a day.
The dose of Bicillin-3 for cattle is 100 thousand units per kilogram of body weight, raising the level of the active substance in the blood to 3.8 mcg/ml, gradually decreasing to 0.12 mcg/ml during the day. Studies have shown that penicillin remains in a proportion of 0.12 - 0.06 mcg / ml for another 4 - 5 days.
Bicillin-5 is administered to calves at 15 thousand units per kilogram of body weight. The antibiotic is quite powerful and penetrates all organs. Analyzes showed the presence of bicillin components in the lungs, muscles, and blood of cattle. For adults, the dosage is calculated using the standard formula.
Side effects
Bovine Bicillin is well received, but there are exceptions. Administration of the drug may cause the following:
- lethargy;
- drowsiness;
- vomiting;
- allergies;
- diarrhea.
If these reactions occur after an injection of bovine bicillin, you should consult a veterinarian. The most dangerous side effect is an allergic reaction. To protect cattle, when bicillin is first administered, antihistamines should be kept in sufficient quantities.
Interaction with other drugs
There was no information about a decrease in the activity of other drugs or increased side effects from them. Bicillin does not affect digestion, lactation, or heart function of cattle. It is allowed to combine the drug with globulins, streptomycin, specific serums and sulfonamide agents. It is not recommended to combine with antibiotics based on chloramphenicol or tetracycline.
Cattle can be killed for meat no earlier than 14 days have passed since the last injection of bicillin. If you had to slaughter before this time, then the meat cannot be given to people for food, only to carnivorous animals. Milk from cattle cannot be consumed during the period of use of the drug and 10 days after, but can be given to mammals after undergoing heat treatment.
Storage period and conditions
Bicillin for cattle is hidden away from children and animals. The drug must be stored with great care, according to List B. The bottle must be sealed by the manufacturer, open containers must be thrown away immediately. The storage place must be dry, without exposure to ultraviolet rays. Recommended temperature is from +10 to +20 degrees. The shelf life is calculated from the date of manufacture and is 3 years.
Conclusion
Bicillin for cattle contains benzylpenicillin salts with antibacterial action; they inhibit the synthesis of microbial cells. Animals tolerate the drug well, with the exception of those with individual intolerance to the components. The dosage of the drug, the number of repetitions and the duration of injections are determined by the veterinarian.
