Content
- 1 History of selection
- 2 Description of the climbing rose Red Mayak and characteristics
- 3 Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
- 4 Reproduction methods
- 5 Planting and caring for the climbing rose Red Mayak
- 6 Pests and diseases
- 7 Application in landscape design
- 8 Conclusion
- 9 Reviews of the climbing rose variety Red Mayak
Rose Red Lighthouse is one of the best varieties, bred during Soviet times in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. At that time it was one of the large breeding centers, which dealt not only with flowers. But the latter also received considerable attention, since cities required a large number of flower beds. The variety is still popular among Crimean owners of private houses. But in city parks it was replaced by scentless Dutch roses.
History of selection
Climbing rose Red Lighthouse is a hybrid obtained by Vera Nikolaevna Klimenko in 1956. The breeder at that time worked in Crimea, in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. A new variety of climbing rose was bred for his collection.
The American variety Excelsa and the German variety Kordes Sondermeldung were chosen for crossing. The frost resistance of both varieties is above average, and this was one of the arguments when choosing parental forms for breeding a new hybrid. The result of V.N. Klimenko’s work was a variety with the name Red Lighthouse, characteristic of that time.
There are several classifications for roses:
- varieties: Vihuriana group of hybrids;
- garden plants: large-flowered climbing rose.
The variety was obtained back in 1956, but there is no information about whether it was included in the State Register of the USSR. The Red Lighthouse was added to the Russian State Register only in 2014 under the number 6904165.
Description of the climbing rose Red Mayak and characteristics
A tall hybrid, reaching 3.5 m in favorable conditions. But the size of the bush varies depending on the climatic zone. If in Yalta it reaches its maximum height, then in Novosibirsk it does not grow above 1 m.
The shoots are strong, creeping and tenacious. They grow vertically. The color of the stems is dark green. The climbing rose Red Lighthouse is given additional decorativeness by its young shoots that have a violet-red color. The spines on the stems are frequent, needle-shaped, and reddish in color.
The leaf blades are round, large, with a glossy surface. The color is dark green.
A climbing rose bush looks good in a flower bed as a central figure.
The buds are semi-double, large. Diameter 7-8 cm. Peduncles strong. Collected in large inflorescences of 10-13 roses each.
The number of petals in one bud is more than 20. The color changes as the rose matures. Immediately after the bud opens, the petals are scarlet-red, with a barely noticeable velvet. As it matures, the velvet becomes more noticeable, and the color of the petals changes to fiery red with an orange tint. The middle is yellow.
The shape of roses also changes during the flowering process: from a round bud with a pointed apex to a fully opened saucer-shaped flower.
Flowering is very abundant and long lasting, about a month. The time of appearance of roses is June-July.
Buds form on two-year-old shoots. This feature makes it impossible to grow climbing roses in some regions of Russia.
Frost resistance research
Research on frost resistance was carried out at the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. When the stems freeze, the rose not only does not bloom, but also cannot grow fully.
As a result of the tests, we found out:
- the south coast of Crimea – an ideal region for the Red Lighthouse variety. The bush grows to a maximum height of 3.5 m. Flower diameter is 6-7 cm. Good disease resistance. Winter hardiness is not important since the region is warm.
- Vladivostok – bush height up to 3 m. Rose diameter 6-12 cm. Resistance to diseases is lower. Withstands frosts.
- Novosibirsk – grows no more than 1 m. Does not bloom. Resistant to diseases. The above-ground part does not withstand wintering.
It was concluded that the climbing rose Red Lighthouse is not suitable for cultivation in mainland Russia. This is due to the fact that the bush cannot tolerate frost, and flower buds are formed only on the shoots of the second year. Unlike rosehip rootstocks, Red Lighthouse is also not able to go into a “temporarily non-flowering state.” The term means that after extreme cold the plant does not bloom for two years. During this time, it forms new skeletal axes, which bloom after a mild winter.
The test results showed that the climbing rose variety Red Mayak can be recommended for the North Caucasus region, the Crimean Peninsula and the southern part of the Far East.
With a slight temperature difference, the climbing rose Red Lighthouse cannot withstand the continental climate
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Among the advantages of the climbing rose Red Lighthouse it should be noted:
- high resistance to heat;
- resistance to fungal diseases;
- medium level drought resistance;
- long and abundant flowering;
- pleasant delicate aroma of roses.
The latter can also be a disadvantage if the garden owner is allergic to strong odors.
The shortcomings are more likely to be personal biases than objective hindrances. Many people note that it is difficult to remove faded roses and cut off excess shoots from tall bushes. But nothing prevents the formation of standard plants. If the climbing rose was purchased to decorate an arch or gazebo, you will have to put up with the inconvenience.
Not all gardeners like a single bloom in early summer. It is not yet possible to trim the stems in the summer, and dry roses on the bush look ugly. Therefore, the disadvantages include the lack of remontability of the variety.
Another disadvantage is the presence of a large number of thorns on the shoots of the plant. But this disadvantage turns into an advantage if a hedge is formed from climbing rose bushes.
Reproduction methods
Climbing roses can be propagated in three ways: layering, cuttings and grafting. The first option is very convenient for inexperienced gardeners and those who have little time. The last one is the most difficult. It is suitable for experienced gardeners.
Reproduction by layering
The most optimal way to propagate climbing rose bushes. In the spring, a suitable shoot from last year is selected and bent to the ground. Part of the stem, along with emerging buds, is sprinkled with earth and left there for several weeks.
Until the shoot grows additional roots, it will feed from the mother bush. Closer to autumn, the stem is cut off from the main plant, carefully dug out along with the roots and planted in a permanent place.
Not only climbing roses, but also ordinary roses with vertical stems can be propagated by layering
Cuttings
Some gardeners believe that for cuttings it is necessary to select stems as thick as a pencil. From this point of view, the method is not suitable for climbing varieties. Their shoots capable of cuttings are much thinner. But you can try.
The usual cutting method:
- In spring or autumn, after pruning, choose a suitable whip. You can also select a two-year-old shoot that has begun to form a bud.
- Cut the stem into pieces so that each cutting has at least three productive buds. Typically the length of such a cutting is 10-15 cm.
- Pour soil into a suitable container.
- Stick the cutting into the soil so that one of the buds is underground.
- Cover the container with a glass jar or PET bottle and place in partial shade.
After a month and a half, the cuttings will have roots.
Reproduction by grafting
A method least suitable for climbing roses due to the stems being too thin. The grafting is usually done on local wild rose hips to avoid freezing of the roots. This method is best left to professionals with extensive practice. In warm regions where the Red Lighthouse can fully bloom, the first two propagation methods are much more convenient and simpler.
Planting and caring for the climbing rose Red Mayak
For the seedling, you need to choose a dry, well-lit place. The red beacon, like all climbing roses, does not like damp and shaded places. When selecting a site, you need to check the wind rose. The plant must be protected from the north wind.Roses should not be planted too close to each other. Later the bushes will grow and begin to interfere with each other.
Climbing roses prefer loose, fertile soil. If the site is located on clay, you will have to prepare a fertile mixture. You can buy soil at the store. Otherwise, the rules for planting climbing roses and other garden flowers are no different.
Pests and diseases
Rose bushes are parasitized by 270 species of pathogenic fungi. The most common are black spot, rust and powdery mildew.
The originator of the variety indicated that the variety is resistant to these diseases. But given the recommended breeding zone, resistance is related to climate: fungi stop developing at air temperatures above 30 °C.
For prevention purposes, they try to plant climbing varieties in open, well-ventilated areas. The wind quickly dries out moisture, which is necessary for the development of pathogenic microflora.
There is no special protection against pests. The most dangerous are: the rose aphid (Macrosiphum rosae), the rose downward sawfly (Ardis brunniventris) and the spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). The latter loves dry air and can attack a rose bush in the summer.
Golden bronze is not able to seriously damage the plant; it spoils the decorative appearance of the flower
Application in landscape design
Climbing rose bushes "Red Lighthouse" are almost universal. They are suitable for:
- vertical gardening;
- arch design;
- creating green hedges;
- gazebo decorations;
- group plantings with other flowers.
Instead of a tall bush with creeping shoots, you can form a trunk. This shape is well suited for a club composition.
Conclusion
Rose Red Lighthouse is great for garden decoration, without requiring complex care. In the southern regions it does not even need to be covered for the winter. Only formative and sanitary pruning is necessary. But the bushes will delight you with flowers for a whole month.
