Content
Baltic oil pear is a large-fruited variety with high yield. It has good winter hardiness and immunity. The crop can be grown both in the south of Russia and in central Russia.
History of origin
The Baltic oily pear was bred by two breeders: Ulyanishcheva A.M. and Neporozhny G.D. Obtained on the basis of the Lesnaya Krasavitsa and Bere winter Michurina varieties. The variety is distinguished by large fruits with a pleasant taste.
Not included in the Russian register of selection achievements. However, the culture has spread to many regions due to its winter hardiness. It is also valued for its high yield.
Description of Baltic oily pear with photo
In the description of the tree, of particular interest are the height, shape of the crown, as well as the size and color of the fruit. The main parameters are discussed below.
Tree
Baltic oleaginous produces trees of medium height, reaching approximately 2.5 m.The crown grows very quickly and takes on a pyramidal shape. The branches are different in structure, but they all rise up. The color of the bark is gray or gray-green.
Young shoots are dark brown. The root system is very developed and strong. The foliage is smooth, short-pointed, light green in color. The petals are oval-shaped and do not smell.
Fruit
The fruits of the Baltic oily pear are quite attractive and large, weighing 180-200 g, often up to 250 g. The shape is classic in the form of a bottle. They reach 10 cm in length and 5 cm in diameter at the widest part.
The color of the fruits of the Pribaltiyskaya variety is oily yellowish-green with an orange tint. The skin is thin and smooth. Overall the appearance is attractive. However, the fruits do not last long, so they must be eaten fresh or sent for harvesting.
Characteristics of the variety
Among the characteristics of the Baltic oily variety, the taste of pears, their ripening time, yield and other indicators are of particular interest. The main parameters are described below.
Taste qualities
The taste of the fruit is pleasant, with a balance of sour and sweet. The pulp is juicy, white when cut, semi-oily, which is how the variety got its name. Pears are good fresh, but they can also be used to prepare various preparations, including:
- marmalade;
- compote;
- jam;
- jam;
- wine;
- candied fruit.
Fruits at the stage of technical ripeness
Ripening time
Baltic oily pear is a summer variety. The fruits ripen by the end of August. Mass collection begins at the end of summer and continues in the first half of September. In this case, fruiting begins already from 5-6 years of age. Ripe pears hold tightly to the branches and do not fall off, which makes harvesting easier.
Productivity
The yield indicator of the Baltic oilseed pear is quite high - 50-60 kg can be harvested from one mature tree. Moreover, fruiting is stable and regular. Therefore, the variety can be considered for cultivation both at home and for sale.
Winter hardiness
The winter hardiness of the variety is good. Seedlings and mature trees are able to recover even after a frosty winter. Therefore, it can be grown in different regions of Russia.
Pollinators of Baltic oilseed pear
The variety is self-fertile, so pollinators are not required. But to increase productivity, you can use varieties with similar flowering periods.
Growing regions
Baltic oilseed can be grown in most regions of Central Russia:
- middle zone and Moscow region;
- Volga region;
- Chernozem region;
- south, North Caucasus.
There is no data on cultivation in the Urals, but the crop is frost-resistant, so you can try it. At the same time, it is important to regularly cover the seedlings for the winter.
Disease resistance
The Baltic oily pear is quite resistant to various diseases and pests, the variety has good immunity. But at the same time, preventive treatments still need to be carried out. In early spring, they plan to spray with fungicide solutions, and in the summer, insecticides and folk remedies are used to control insects.
Pears are large and attractive looking
Advantages and disadvantages
The Baltiyskaya oily variety has good yield. Pears are large and tasty, they have an attractive presentation. The culture is winter-hardy, so it can be grown in most regions of Central Russia.
Pros:
- sufficient yield;
- large fruits;
- tasty, juicy pulp;
- attractive appearance;
- high winter hardiness;
- good immunity;
- the pears do not fall off.
Minuses:
- the fruits are not long-lasting;
- It is difficult to grow in the Urals and further east.
Landing rules
Baltic oilseed pear is planted only in autumn. It is recommended to do this from the end of September to the first ten days of October, approximately 2-3 weeks before frost. The growing location must meet several requirements:
- increased illumination, lack of shadow;
- open area without air retention, tight fit;
- the soil is fertile, well-drained - loose loam with a pH of 6 to 7 is optimal;
- lack of stagnation of moisture - cannot be planted in lowlands;
- absence of high groundwater - maximum permissible height 1.5 m from the surface.
Apple trees are best. On the contrary, it is worth planting as far away from the rowan as possible.
For planting, it is better to select two-year-old seedlings. They must be healthy, with a central conductor height of at least 70 cm, without external damage or signs of disease. It is first recommended to place the roots overnight in a mixture of clay and growth stimulants (Epin, Kornevin).
The site for planting Baltic oilseed pear has been prepared since spring. The soil is dug up and humus or compost is added in an amount of 10 kg per square meter. If the soil is clayey, you should also add 3-5 kg of sand or sawdust to the same area.
The sequence of actions when landing is as follows:
- Dig a hole of standard sizes 60-80 cm deep and 80-100 cm in diameter, as shown in the diagram.
- Mark several holes with a minimum interval of 3 m.
- Fill the bottom with small stones.
- Place the peg in the center of the hole.
- Place the Baltic oilseed pear seedling in the hole and carefully straighten the roots.
- Cover with fertile soil.
- Tamp down a little so that the root collar remains slightly above the surface (2 cm).
- Pour in 10 liters of settled water.
- After a few days, mulch for the winter with sawdust, peat, pine needles or other materials. The layer must be at least 10 cm high.
Planting scheme for Baltic oily pear
Features of care
In order for the tree to bear fruit and not get sick, you will need to organize proper care. First of all, you need to take care of watering. Young seedlings are given water weekly if there is no rain. During drought, it is important to ensure that the soil does not dry out or crack. If necessary, water is given twice a week.
Mature Baltic oilseed pears do not need watering as often. They are given water 1-2 times a month. On the one hand, the soil should not be dry. But excessive moisture should also not be allowed, since this can lead to rotting of the roots.
Periodically, the soil needs to be loosened and weeds removed if necessary. To keep the soil moist longer, it is recommended to mulch it not only in the winter, but also in the summer. To do this, peat, sawdust, and hay are placed in the tree trunk circle. You can also use spruce spruce branches for winter insulation. This is a good material that creates a suitable microclimate and at the same time does not rot.
It is equally important to apply fertilizing. In spring (early April) urea and ammonium nitrate are used. During the period of budding and flowering, emphasis is placed on potash fertilizers and superphosphate. It is advisable to alternate complex mineral fertilizers with organic matter. Bird droppings (1:20) and mullein (1:10) are often used.
Another important point in pear care is related to pruning. It should be carried out regularly so that the crown does not grow too high. In the first years, formative pruning is done. You can start as early as mid-March - you need to be in time before the sap begins to flow.
Also in spring, they plan to preventively treat the Baltic oily pear with preparations. The most commonly used are Bordeaux mixture, HOM, Abiga-Peak and others. Insecticides are good against insects, for example, “Aktara”, “Decis”, “Karate”.
Collection and storage
Baltic oilseed pears are harvested in late August and early September. The fruits remain at home for no more than two weeks. Even if you maintain a cool temperature (2-6 degrees Celsius) and moderate humidity (up to 70%), they will not last long.
Therefore, they are immediately used fresh and also sent for processing. The pulp is juicy - pears make delicious jams, preserves, and marmalade. Can also be used to prepare drinks – compote, wine.
The fruits cannot be stored for long periods of time; they are used immediately after harvesting.
Conclusion
Baltic pear oily has many benefits. The variety is winter-hardy and adapts well to different climatic conditions. It is quite demanding in terms of care, but it produces consistently high yields.
Reviews from gardeners about the Baltic oily pear
