Content
There are many varieties of fruit trees, so it can be difficult for novice gardeners to make a choice. Vidnaya pear is an unpretentious variety that has stood the test of time and has proven itself well. We will describe this variety, look at its photos and reviews, and tell you how to properly plant a fruit tree and care for it.
Origin
Vidnaya was bred by Russian breeders Yu.A. Petrov. and N.V. Efimov in 1958. The new variety was obtained by crossing the transitional hybrid VI-53-67 and the classic southern pear.
This variety exceeded all expectations, and in 1972 it was classified as elite. The plant is resistant to the cold winters of Russia, so it is grown in the central regions of the country. The hybrid is especially popular in Moscow and neighboring regions.
Description of the pear
Vidnaya pear is a self-fertile variety that brings a late but abundant harvest. The plant begins to bear fruit in the fourth year after planting, from August to mid-September. Gardeners harvest an average of 50 kg of pears from one fruit tree.
Tree
The Vidnaya pear grows up to 5-6 meters in height.A young plant of this variety has a spreading and lush crown, which with age takes on the shape of a pyramid with medium density foliage. The trunk is powerful and thick, in diameter can reach 25 cm. Massive branches are strewn with ringlets, on which fruit formations are formed.
The leaves are medium sized with serrated edges and a smooth, shiny surface. The shape is elongated, ovoid. The petioles are short, slightly curved, light brown in color.
Fruit
Vidnaya's fruits are medium and large. The average weight of one pear is 150-170 g, some specimens can reach 200 g. They have a symmetrical, elongated shape and a ribbed surface. Therefore, the second name of this variety is Lumpy.
Only mature fruits are green in color; closer to ripening they acquire a yellowish tint. A light, orange tan may appear in some places on the pear, which is quite acceptable. The pulp is dense and juicy, milky in color. The taste is rich, with a slight sourness and nutmeg aftertaste.
The fruit is consumed fresh, dried, added to baked goods, and prepared into preserves, compotes, jams and marmalade.
Advantages
The Vidnaya Pear variety is characterized by a number of positive aspects:
- early fruiting, the first harvest is harvested in the fourth year after planting;
- frost resistance;
- not affected by scab and powdery mildew;
- brings a regular and rich harvest;
- thanks to late flowering, the likelihood of buds being destroyed by frost is reduced to zero;
- unpretentiousness, grows even on poor soil;
- self-fertility;
- excellent taste and product quality.
Due to its many advantages, the variety is grown both in private gardening and on an industrial scale. It is also used for selection.
Flaws
There are not many negative aspects to the Vidnaya pear variety. Fresh the fruit is stored for no more than 7-9 days. The fruits ripen unevenly, so harvesting is best done in several stages. Since the plant is spreading and tall, some fruits can be difficult to reach.
Features of agricultural technology
To grow a healthy plant that will produce a stable harvest, you need to follow the rules of its cultivation.
Optimal timing
In the southern regions, Vidnaya pear is recommended to be planted at the end of September or early October. Over the winter, the seedling will have time to grow stronger and take root. With the arrival of spring and warmth, the tree will begin to grow.
In regions with an unstable and cold climate, it is better to plant this pear variety in the spring, in the second half of April. By this time, the soil will have time to warm up and become saturated with melt water. But planting must be done quickly, before the young plant’s buds swell.
Site selection
For the Vidnaya pear variety, you should choose sunny and spacious garden plot. If you plant a tree in the shade, its fruits will be tasteless and the yield will decrease several times. It is advisable that with on the north side of the plant there was a fence, which will protect him from cold winds.
Pear does not tolerate stagnant water and wetlands. In low-lying areas, you need to make drainage or plant the seedling on a slight hill. Groundwater should not be closer than 2 m from the surface.
Vidnaya is undemanding to the soil, but feels more comfortable on sandy loam, chernozem and slightly acidic soils.
Preparing the planting hole
Site preparation should begin six months before planting Vidnaya. To do this, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:
- Planting pit for pear seedling should be spacious, 90-100 cm deep and at least 80 cm in diameter.
- The top fertile layer of soil, 20 cm thick, must be set aside separately. 25-30 kg of rotted manure or compost, 1 kg of superphosphate, 80 g of potassium nitrate and 0.8 - 1 kg of wood ash are added to it.
- The soil mixture is thoroughly mixed and poured into the hole. A small hill should form.
Some gardeners recommend covering the hole with film.
Landing rules
The process of planting the Vidnaya pear:
- Soak the roots of the plant in any biostimulant or in a 3% solution of potassium permanganate for a day. Then treat them with a mixture of clay and mullein and leave to dry for 2 hours.
- Drive a stick into the center of the hole, which should be 1.5 times higher than the seedling. It will serve as a support.
- Straighten the roots of the seedling and lower it into the hole. The root collar of the tree should be 7-8 cm higher surface of the earth.
- Cover the plant with soil, compact the soil and tie the seedling to a support.
- Form a groove around the tree at a distance of 0.5 meters from the trunk.
- Water the pear with 30-40 liters of warm water.
To preserve moisture, the tree trunk circle is mulched with compost or sawdust.
Features of care
Caring for the Vidnaya pear is simple. The main thing is to trim the tree on time, water it and feed it.
Trimming
Regular pruning improves the quality and volume of the harvest. Every autumn you need to sanitize the tree: remove dry, damaged and old branches.
For young plants, formative pruning is very useful, which is carried out in early spring (March, April). The action consists of shortening the branches, while several main shoots should remain on each tier.
The cut areas are treated with a solution of copper sulfate and covered with oil paint.
Watering
Young seedling Vidnoy needs to be watered weekly 18-20 liters of warm water. An adult pear (3-5 years old) is irrigated once every 15 days with 60-70 liters of water. A fruit tree older than six years can get by with just a few waterings per year:
- in spring, before flowering;
- during the period of ovary formation;
- 15 days before fruit ripening;
- at the end of September - moisture-recharging irrigation.
Most effective method of irrigation - sprinkling, which is similar to natural precipitation. If there is no special device, then water can be poured into the annular groove around the tree. After the procedure, the soil is loosened and mulched.
Top dressing
If all recommendations were followed during planting, then you can fertilize Vidnaya Pear start 2 years after planting.
Nitrogen-containing fertilizers (urea, ammonium nitrate) are applied only in the spring, when shoots begin to actively grow. Consumption rate – 30-35 kg/ha. Organic matter is added every 2-3 years. For this, humus, compost or rotted manure is used. Potassium and phosphorus fertilizers are applied in the fall.
This type of pear is needed feed 2-3 times a year. The procedure should be carried out during or after watering.
Disease Prevention
The Vidnaya pear variety is not affected by scab and powdery mildew, but there are many other diseases and pests of the fruit tree. It is easier to prevent infection than to treat the plant later. Therefore, preventive treatments are carried out in spring and autumn.
For this use insecticides or traditional methods. During the active growing season, the pear is sprayed with a solution of laundry soap, an infusion of wood ash or soda ash. The procedure is carried out once every 2 weeks. The ash solution not only protects the tree, but also nourishes it, as it has a rich mineral composition.
Reviews from gardeners
Conclusion
Vidnaya is a pear variety that attracts with its rich taste and stable harvest. The tree is unpretentious, so even a novice gardener can grow it.This is a frost-resistant variety that is suitable for cultivation in harsh climatic conditions.
