Content
The Skorospelka pear from Michurinsk is very popular among gardeners, since it holds the record for fruit ripening time. Therefore, it is ideal for early harvest. In addition, the variety is characterized by high frost resistance, increased endurance and stable fruiting. However, the life potential of a tree directly depends on proper planting and further care. Therefore, you need to familiarize yourself in advance with the features of agricultural technology, taking into account the requirements of this variety.
Michurinskaya Skorospelka is distinguished by abundant fruiting
History of appearance
This pear variety was obtained by Russian breeders S.P. Yakovlev and A.P. Gribanovsky. Work on its breeding was carried out at the All-Russian Research Institute named after. Michurina. The goal of the creation was to obtain a species with early fruiting and high resistance to negative external factors.Therefore, the basis for Michurinskaya Skorospelka was a hybrid from the Ussuri pear with Bere Ligel and the Citron de Carm variety. As a result of multi-stage selection, a seedling with stable characteristics was identified that met expectations.
As a result, in 1986 an application was submitted to conduct variety trials. And according to their results, in 2002 the Skorospelka pear from Michurinsk was included in the State Register.
Description of Skorospelka pear from Michurinsk
This variety has several features in the appearance of the tree and fruit. Knowing them, you can accurately determine the species of the seedling and avoid mistakes.
Tree
The early ripening tree from Michurinsk is a medium-sized or large tree, the height of which reaches 5.5-6 m. The crown is medium-dense, pyramidal or round. The angle of departure of the skeletal branches from the trunk is acute. The bark is grey-brown, flaky. Young shoots of Michurinskaya Skorospelka are upright and light brown. The tree's lentils are small, light-colored, and few in number.
The leaves are medium in size, about 8 cm long. The plates have broadly pointed tips and are wedge-shaped at the base. There is serrated serration along the edge. Petioles are elongated and thin.
The flowers of Skorospelka from Michurinsk are medium in size; when fully opened, their diameter reaches 2 cm. They consist of five rounded white petals that overlap each other. The sepals are directed towards the peduncle. This pear blooms at the end of April, at the beginning of May and continues for ten days. The buds can withstand frosts down to -3 °C.
The annual growth of Michurinskaya Skorospelka is 0.6-0.8 m
Fruit
This variety is characterized by small fruits, the average weight of which varies from 70 to 84 g.Early-ripening pears are ovoid or regularly pear-shaped. Initially, the fruits have a greenish-yellow color, and upon reaching consumer maturity, they lighten and become a sandy-amber hue. The integumentary part is absent or may appear as a faint blurred blush on the sunny side. The skin is smooth, there may be slight rustiness in places.
The pulp is loose, juicy, creamy in color. Skorospelka fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and processing.
Characteristics of the variety
To determine the productivity of a given fruit tree, you need to familiarize yourself with its characteristics. This will allow you to understand what growing conditions are considered most favorable for Skorospelka from Michurinsk, which will allow you to obtain maximum yield and maintain the high vital potential of the pear for many years.
Taste qualities
The fruits of this variety have a pleasant sweet and sour taste. Their pulp is not astringent, with a slight aroma. The sugar content in pears reaches 8.2%, and ascorbic acid - 135 mg per 100 g. The taste of the fruit directly depends on the number of sunny days during their ripening.
Ripening time
Skorospelka from Michurinsk is an ultra-early pear variety. Its fruits reach consumer maturity already in the third ten days of July. But depending on the growing region, the ripening time may shift slightly.
Productivity
This pear variety begins to bear fruit in the fifth year after planting. Initially, the harvest volume does not exceed 10 kg, but as the tree matures, this figure increases significantly.In favorable years for the crop, Skorospelka from Michurinsk is capable of producing up to 100 kg of pears from one tree.
The yield of marketable fruits of the variety is about 91%
Frost resistance
Michurinskaya Skorospelka is characterized by increased frost resistance. The tree can withstand temperatures down to -40 °C. Moreover, it does not suffer from sudden temperature changes.
Pollinators of the Skorospelka pear from Michurinsk
This species is partially self-fertile. But to increase productivity, close planting of a pollinator tree is required. It should be located at a distance of 5-10 m from Skorospelka from Michurinsk. The Pamyati Yakovlev variety is excellent as a pollinator.
Growing regions
Skorospelka from Michurinsk is adapted in the Central and Middle Volga regions. But judging by the reviews of gardeners, the variety shows good productivity in the northern regions of the country, if proper care is provided.
Disease resistance
The species has increased resistance to scab, but is affected by moniliosis. Therefore, for its successful cultivation, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatment of the tree in spring and autumn with Bordeaux mixture or copper sulfate.
Advantages and disadvantages
Skorospelka from Michurinsk has strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, when choosing this type of pear, you need to familiarize yourself with them in advance.
The lifespan of a tree is about 40 years
Main advantages:
- ultra-early maturation;
- abundant fruiting;
- balanced taste;
- universal application;
- high winter hardiness;
- immunity to scab;
- tolerance to temperature changes.
Flaws:
- shrinking of fruits with a bountiful harvest;
- affected by moniliosis.
Landing rules
To successfully grow this pear on your site, you need to plant it correctly. Therefore, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the features of this procedure in advance.
For Skorospelka from Michurinsk, you need to choose a sunny, open place, protected from cold gusts of wind. It should be taken into account that the tree does not tolerate stagnant moisture in the soil, so the groundwater level in the area must be at least 2.5 m.
Suitable for planting are one- and two-year-old seedlings with a well-developed root system and no signs of disease or pest damage on the bark. Two weeks before planting them in a permanent place, you need to prepare a hole measuring 80 by 80 cm. A 10 cm thick layer of drainage must be placed at the bottom, and the rest of the space must be filled with a nutrient mixture consisting of turf, sand, humus and peat in a 2:1 ratio. :1:1. You also need to additionally add 100 g of wood ash to the hole and mix it thoroughly with the soil.
Algorithm of actions:
- Make a small elevation in the center of the hole.
- Place a young pear on it, carefully straighten the roots.
- Water the seedling generously.
- Cover the roots with soil and fill any voids.
- Compact the soil at the base of the seedling.
The day after planting, it is recommended to place mulch in the root circle to prevent the roots from drying out.
Care instructions
Early ripening from Michurinsk does not require complex care, but to maintain the high productivity of the tree, it is necessary to follow some rules of agricultural technology.
Pears do not respond well to drought. Therefore, you need to water Skorospelka from Michurinsk regularly as needed.Moisturizing is especially important during the period of active growing season, flowering and fruit set. Watering is carried out 1-2 times a month, soaking the soil in the root circle by 20 cm.
It is recommended to fertilize Skorospelka from Michurinsk three times per season. The first time it is necessary to apply fertilizers in the spring when the buds open. During this period, you can use urea 30-80 g per 10 liters of water. The second feeding for this variety is recommended after flowering. At this time, you can use chicken manure 1:15 or mullein 1:10. And the third time you need to fertilize the pear during the formation of the ovary. During this period, it is necessary to use superphosphate 40-100 g and potassium sulfide 25-60 g per 10 liters of water.
The dosage of fertilizers must be adjusted taking into account the age of the pear
This pear needs crown formation. Immediately when planting in the spring, it is necessary to shorten the main conductor by 1/3. Next year, it is recommended to select three side branches growing in different directions and cut them to a length of 20 cm. It is also necessary to shorten the growing point so that it is 20 cm higher than them. Next spring, you need to repeat the steps, but leave the side shoots higher than the previous ones along the trunk by 25 cm. They will form the second tier of the crown. The main conductor also needs to be shortened so that its growth point is 20 cm higher from the side shoots.
Michurinskaya Skorospelka also needs regular cleaning of the crown. It involves removing broken, damaged and thickening branches. This will ensure good ventilation of the crown, which will reduce the likelihood of disease and stress.
Collection and storage
It is recommended to harvest Skorospelka from Michurinsk as the fruits ripen. When deadlines are delayed, pears fall off the branches.The harvest retains its consumer properties for no more than 15 days. To do this, you need to remove the pears from the tree with cuttings, put them in cardboard boxes in a maximum of three layers, covering them with paper.
To preserve fresh Skorospelka fruits from Michurinsk for as long as possible, you need to ensure a temperature of +2 ° C and a humidity of about 60%.
The variety is suitable for whole-fruit canning
Conclusion
The Skorospelka pear from Michurinsk is ideal for beginning gardeners because it is undemanding in terms of care and growing conditions. However, it is worth considering that the variety is considered to bear fruit abundantly. And if the goal is not to sell the harvest, then for the family’s everyday life it is enough to graft several cuttings of this pear onto another type of crop, which will make it possible to obtain fruits in moderate quantities.
Reviews from gardeners about the Skorospelka pear from Michurinsk
