Content
Cherries Amber belongs to the category of large-sized plants. The main feature of this variety is the bright color of the fruit, amber-yellow.
History of selection
The Amber cherry was created as a result of crossing plants of such varieties as Gaucher black and Drogana yellow. It was developed in 2001 by Ukrainian scientists at the Research Institute named after. Grishko. The Orlovskaya Amber variety is included in the state register, the originator is the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops.
Amber cherry has proven itself well as a high-yielding and winter-hardy variety.
Description of culture
The Amber Cherry plant has a dense and spreading crown of medium height. Its shoots are straight, with gray bark. The base of the branches is anthocyanin colored. The leaves are oval shaped and deep green in color. Their length does not exceed 45 mm. White flowers usually contain 5 petals.
The variety requires pollination.The bouquet branches of the plant are fruitful. Cherry berries are medium-sized, heart-shaped, weighing no more than 5 g, the fruits are yellow or pinkish-yellow in color.
A small bone (about 5%) is easily separated from the total mass. The juice is colorless, the pulp of the berry tastes sweet. The fruits of this variety of cherries appear early: in late June - early July.
The percentage of nutrients in the cherry berries of this variety:
- sucrose – 10.3%;
- acids – 0.4%;
- dry matter – 13.9%.
Thanks to its resistance to frost and disease, Yantarnaya can grow both in the southern regions and in mid-latitudes.
Characteristics
The amber variety tolerates heavy rains and drought well, and the fruits do not crack. Due to the original color of the berries, cherries are protected from bird attacks, which leads to the preservation of the fruits on the plant.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
The variety is characterized by such important qualities as resistance to frost and prolonged lack of watering. Thanks to the frost resistance of the Amber cherry, the variety will not die and will bear fruit stably even after frosts down to -30 °C.
It is recommended to water Amber once a month. After the dry season, the plant must recover, so watering is increased to once a week. Both standing water and running water are suitable.
The video will tell you about other features of yellow-fruited cherries:
Pollination, flowering period and ripening time
The Yantarnaya variety cannot pollinate on its own. Along with it, other plants are planted that will perform this function.
The following varieties are suitable as pollinators for Amber cherries:
- Knight;
- And the way;
- Northern;
- Ovstuzhenka.
Cherry ovaries appear after pollination and form within a month. They come with a pointed end and are shaped like a heart.
The ripening of fruits on the plant occurs quite quickly; the berries of this variety are located in bouquets on “legs” and are easily separated.
Productivity, fruiting
According to the description of the Oryol Amber cherry in various sources, it does not begin to bear fruit immediately. The plant takes about 4 years to become strong. During the harvest period, the variety usually produces 35 t/ha per year. This is considered average for commercial use. In private gardens, this amount of fruit is more than enough.
To get a rich annual harvest from cherries, you need to follow the rules of care.
Area of application of berries
Yantarnaya berries are mainly eaten unprocessed, enriching the body with vitamins and minerals. Cherries are good for maintaining health:
- serves as a prevention of various diseases;
- improves blood composition;
- normalizes digestion.
You can also cook compotes from cherry fruits, make preparations for the winter: preserves, jams, jellies, confitures - and add fresh or frozen berries to baked goods.
Thanks to its beneficial properties, cherries have also found application in cosmetology. Masks made from the juice and pulp of Amber berries slow down aging and improve skin quality.
Resistance to diseases and pests
Oryol amber cherry is resistant to rust and coccomycosis.However, some diseases can damage the crown and lead to complete death of the variety.
The plant may be affected by cylindrosporiosis infection. The disease is of fungal origin. Infection occurs through the wind. All above-ground parts of this cherry variety are affected. The disease manifests itself as spots on the leaves, in the place of which holes subsequently form.
The most common insect that interferes with the growth of Amber is the cherry fly.
To prevent it from laying its larvae, for preventive purposes, Amber cherries are sprayed twice according to a certain pattern:
- When the air warms up to 18 ºC and the flies just appear.
- in 10–15 days.
Other cherry pests:
- weevils;
- butterflies;
- aphid;
- sawflies.
They slow down growth and damage the bark and shoots.
Advantages and disadvantages
The plant has many benefits. The attractive characteristics of the Yantarnaya cherry variety include:
- frost resistance;
- regular fruiting;
- immunity to coccomycosis;
- resistance to fruit cracking;
- protection of the plant from sparrows and tits;
- exclusion of gray rot infection;
- ease of care;
- earlier maturation.
However, the Orlovskaya Yantarnaya cherry variety also has weaknesses.
Disadvantages of this type:
- requires pollination by neighboring plants;
- yield value is within the average;
- not suitable for areas with harsh winters.
Landing Features
In order for the plant to take root well, before planting you need to familiarize yourself with some rules for growing Yantarnaya cherries.
Recommended timing
Depending on climatic conditions, plant yellow cherries Amber is needed at different times.
There are no cold winters in the south, but the summers are very hot, and if you plant a seedling in such conditions in the spring, you can ruin it. Conversely, Amber cherries planted in the spring in the middle zone will be able to get stronger by frost.
Choosing a suitable location
The place for Yantarnaya must be in a spacious sunny area. The soil should be loose, rich in trace elements and minerals. The presence of a pond is not recommended.
Leave 5 m between trees.
What crops can and cannot be planted nearby?
Due to the presence of the same diseases with Amber cherries, it is not recommended to plant together:
- apricot;
- peach;
- pear;
- apple tree
It is also impossible to place berries such as currants under the crown of plants of this variety. They will certainly die.
Selection and preparation of planting material
The soil for planting Amber cherries is prepared in advance.
- Mix 2 buckets of soil: 1 kg of wood ash and superphosphate.
- Add 3 buckets of humus, ammonium sulfate and potash fertilizers.
Landing algorithm
- The soil is dug up. Loose soil is important for Amber cherry.
- Dig a hole at least 90 cm in depth and 80 cm in width.
- The hole is filled with the prepared healthy mixture.
- Fix a peg in the middle.
- Amber cherry seedling is dug in and tied to a support.
- Cover with soil and water abundantly.
Subsequent care of the crop
The variety does not require special care. You just need to follow some rules when growing Amber cherries.
- A circle of at least 90 cm in diameter is formed around the tree.
- There should be no weeds.
- The soil under Yantarnaya is well loosened.
- Cherries are usually watered once a month.
- During dry seasons, you can increase the amount of watering.
- Pruning is carried out in March, before the sap begins to flow.
- First of all, the Amber cherry is removed from dry and damaged branches and only then the crown is formed.
- The cut areas should be treated with garden varnish to protect against fungal infections.
- Young cherry seedlings need to be prepared for winter.
- Snow, peat and sawdust will serve as natural root insulation for plants of this variety.
- Rods are driven in a circle and the covering material is stretched over them so that the Amber seedling is completely hidden in the cylinder. This method is also protection against small rodents.
- Nitrogen fertilizers are added after two years. Organic feeding of cherries can be done at the end of each summer season. You need to carefully examine the branches and leaves for changes. When they appear, treatment is started immediately.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
The compositions of chemical mixtures for the prevention and treatment of Amber are identical. The difference is in the frequency of spraying and the amount of mixture.
| Dangers to the Yantarnaya variety | Signs | Treatment and prevention |
| Cherry fly, butterflies and weevils | Presence of larvae on leaves | Treatment in spring and autumn with urea solution. For 10 liters of water take 700 g of the substance. |
| Cylindrosporiosis | Black-brown bark | Removing affected branches. Covering wounds. |
| Scab | Brown spots on leaves | Spraying with copper oxychloride or 1% Brodka liquid. |
| Clusterosporiasis | Leaves are brown, often with holes | The affected branches are destroyed, and healthy ones are sprayed with a 1% solution of copper sulfate. Garden varnish is used to cover wounds. |
Conclusion
Due to its characteristics, Amber cherry is in demand among gardeners in different regions. The pleasant-tasting fruits of this variety received a high tasting rating. The plant is a profitable option for growing in the garden. From a commercial point of view, it is also worth taking a closer look at this species.
