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Tyutchevka cherry is one of the best options for growing in the middle zone of the country. A winter-hardy variety with low susceptibility to fungi, the causative agents of characteristic cherry diseases. Thanks to its properties, Tyutchevka is becoming popular among gardeners.
History of variety selection
A successful breeder from the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine in Bryansk, M.V. Kanshina, bred Tyutchevka cherries based on seedlings 3–36 and the famous variety Krasnaya Damina. After testing, cherries were included in the State Register in 2001.
Description of Tyutchevka cherries
This variety is recommended to be grown in the central regions.
The compact tree of the Tyutchevka variety grows quickly and reaches medium size. The natural crown is spreading, round, without thickening. Short, strong shoots are covered with bark of a characteristic warm brown hue.Fruit buds are ovoid, and vegetative buds are in the shape of a pointed cone. The large leaves of the Tyutchevka cherry are oval-elongated, pointed towards the apex, jagged along the edges, folded like a boat. Attached to thick short petioles. The top of the leaf blade is shiny, dark green, not rough.
On the bouquet branches of the Tyutchevka variety, inflorescences of 4 flowers with a white saucer-shaped corolla are formed. This arrangement of fruits produces up to 86% of the tree's yield. The remaining inflorescences are created on the shoots.
The rounded large fruits weigh on average 5.3 g, reach 7.4 g, and hang on strong short stalks. The top is rounded, the funnel is medium, the height of the Tyutchevka berry is 2.2 cm, width 2.3 cm. The dense but thin skin of the fruit is dark red, with dark integumentary specks. The cartilaginous, dense pulp of the cherry is also intensely red and juicy. When the berry is broken, light red juice is released. The oval seed weighs 6% of the mass of Tyutchevka berries - 0.3 g, and does not separate completely freely from the pulp.
The fruits of the variety have a special cherry aroma and a pleasant sweet taste. Tyutchevka cherries were rated very highly by tasters - 4.9 points.
The consumer properties of the fruits of the variety are determined by their composition:
- 11.1–13% sugars;
- 18–20% dry matter;
- 0.4% acids;
- 13–13.6 mg of ascorbic acid per 100 g.
Characteristics of the variety
The qualities of the wood and fruit suggest where it is best to grow cherries.
Frost resistance of the cherry variety Tyutchevka
During field tests and based on the experience of gardeners, the good winter hardiness of the Tyutchevka variety in the conditions of the Central region was determined: it tolerates up to 25 degrees of frost.Open branches freeze slightly at -35 °C, but regenerate in the spring. In the case of winters with severe frosts, tree damage was 0.8 points. Of the total number of kidneys, 20% died. But with return frosts down to -5 °C during the flowering period, 72% of the pistils suffered.
Pollinators of cherry Tyutchevka
The variety begins to bloom in the mid-late period, in May. The Tyutchevka cherry is partially self-fertile. A bountiful harvest is harvested if the following varieties are present in the garden or neighboring areas:
- Ovstuzhenka;
- Bryansk pink;
- Bryanochka;
- Revna;
- Lena;
- Raditsa;
- Here we go.
Other cherries will help increase Tyutchevka’s harvest, you just need to know their flowering period. Cherries and neighboring cherries have a good effect on the yield, although there is no cross-pollination between species.
Ripe berries of the Tyutchevka variety begin to be collected at the end of July - in August.
Productivity and fruiting
The Tyutchevka cherry bears its first fruits from the fifth year of growth. After another five years, the tree fully bears fruit, producing up to 16 kg of berries annually. On large farms, 97 centners are harvested per hectare of this variety. The maximum yield of Tyutchevka reaches 40 kg per tree, or more than 270 c/ha. The tree bears fruit for 20 years.
Area of application of berries
The fruits of the Tyutchevka variety are universal. They make delicious jams, compotes, and confitures. This is a wonderful vitamin-rich dessert even in winter, if the berries are frozen.
Resistance to diseases and pests
During selection, preference was given to seedlings that were most resistant to disease infection. As a result, the Tyutchevka cherry is slightly susceptible to moniliosis, and the tree has an average susceptibility to klyasterosporiosis and coccomycosis.If you follow typical recommendations for garden care in spring and autumn, the tree will not suffer from pests.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Like all new varieties, Tyutchevka has a number of advantages:
- high and stable yield;
- excellent consumer performance;
- transportability;
- frost resistance;
- high resistance to fungal diseases.
The disadvantages of the Tyutchevka variety are insignificant; rather, these are general specific features:
- the need to plant a pollinator variety for a good harvest;
- possible cracking of berries during rainy periods during ripening.
Planting and caring for Tyutchevka cherries
Growing this variety is no different from caring for other cherries.
Recommended timing
In the central regions, Tyutchevka is planted in the spring, when seedlings with bare roots take root more easily. Trees in containers can be moved at any time during the warm season, but spring and early summer are still preferable to autumn.
Choosing a suitable location
Selected sweet berries ripen on a tree that grows in an area fully illuminated by the sun and protected from the prickly northern winds by buildings, a high fence or garden area. From such protection they retreat no less than 2–3 m. The soil should be well-drained, neutral acidity, fertile and loose.
What crops can and cannot be planted nearby?
- The best neighbors of the Tyutchevka cherry are other varieties for pollination or cherries, which have a beneficial effect on fruiting.
- Berry bushes are also placed nearby to control the spread of shoots.
- Nightshade crops should not be placed near young cherries.
Selection and preparation of planting material
Carefully select 1-year-old or 2-3-year-old seedlings that have already begun to form a crown in the nursery:
- the stems are elastic, the buds and roots are fresh;
- bark without scratches or signs of disease;
- the roots are strong, with 3–4 powerful shoots 20–25 cm long.
A seedling with bare roots is placed in a clay mixture for 6–8 hours before planting. They also soak the tree in a container, placing it in a large container so that the earthen lump comes out freely and the roots straighten out.
Landing algorithm
- Pits measuring 60–80 by 80 cm are dug in advance, preparing a thick layer of drainage and substrate so that it compacts.
- A peg supporting the seedling is installed near the center of the hole.
- The roots of the seedling are spread on a mound of planting substrate and covered with prepared soil.
- The root collar protrudes 5 cm above the ground surface.
- The soil is trampled down and a groove is made around the perimeter of the irrigation hole.
- 10–15 liters of water are poured into the tree trunk circle and the soil is mulched.
- Carry out the necessary pruning.
Aftercare for cherries
Growing a fruit tree without much difficulty. The tree trunk circle is cleared of weed, loosen the soil after watering if there is insufficient natural precipitation. It is especially important to moisten the soil under the cherry tree in the bud and ovary phase, in the fall - in preparation for winter. But in case of heavy rains during the period of fruit ripening, the soil under the tree is covered with a film to protect the berries from excess moisture.
They are fed with convenient complex preparations and organic matter. Damaged branches are removed in early spring and autumn.Young trees are protected from rodents and frost using a net and a thick layer of paper or agrotextile.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Tyutchevka is a special variety that resists infection by those fungi that cause significant damage. Autumn cleaning of leaves, stripping of bark and digging up the area is enough.
In early spring and after flowering, preventive spraying with fungicides is carried out.
They prevent the appearance of pests by properly caring for the garden and apply catching belts. If a high number of insects is noticed, insecticides are used.
Conclusion
Tyutchevka cherry is the pride of domestic selection. An unpretentious, productive variety created for the conditions of the middle zone, resistant to stone fruit diseases. Its purchase will please the gardener with regular fruiting and tasty berries.
