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When mentioning grapes with the names Daria, Dashenka and Dashunya, it may seem that the same variety is named as variations of this female name, but in fact this is not the case. This 3 different hybrid grape forms of different origins, authored by different people. They mainly differ from each other in the color of the berries, and to a lesser extent in other characteristics. This is easy to see from the descriptions and photos of these grapes.
Breeding history
What is the reason for such a variety of varieties with similar names? It's all about the process of breeding plants with stable varietal characteristics. It cannot be fast by default and takes quite a long time. Over the years of breeding, a team of breeders selects the best specimens of hybrid forms, studies the new characteristics inherent in them and the degree of their inheritance, and conducts practical tests. Moreover, prototypes can also end up in the gardens of amateur winegrowers, who also contribute to the work on the creation of a new grapevine variety.
By the time a variety is entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements, it may happen that several hybrid forms will be developed that differ from each other in many ways. Until this point, they may exist under similar names for many years.
Grapes Daria
The Daria grape variety is a product of the breeding work of V. N. Krainova. In fact, this grape cannot yet be called a variety, it is a hybrid form, as it is under testing. Daria grapes belong to the early varieties. Its berries ripen 105-115 days after bud break. Varieties were chosen as parent forms for it Kesha and Friendship.
Description of the Daria grape variety and its photo:
- bush with strong growth, reaches a height of 2.5 m;
- forms long shoots with 6-8 eyes;
- the vine ripens well;
- the leaf is dark green, with deep grooves along the edges;
- flowers are bisexual;
- the bunch is large, reaches a mass of 0.7 to 1 kg, of medium density, on a medium-sized comb, conical shape of the brush;
- berries are ovoid, from large to very large, uniform in size, weight of one berry is 12-14 g;
- the skin is light, with a slight waxy coating, green-yellow in color, in fully ripe berries - amber;
- medium-thick skin;
- the pulp is juicy, fleshy, with a pronounced nutmeg taste;
- There are few seeds in the berry - 1-3 pcs. and they are small.
Daria grape berries, according to reviews from practicing gardeners, are not prone to cracking, are not susceptible to peas and wasp attacks. Due to the dense skin of the berries, the bunches tolerate transportation well and can withstand storage for up to 1 month.
This only confirms the excellent selection work of the originator V.N. Krainov, who set himself exactly this task.
The grapevine's resistance to these dangerous fungal diseases is determined on a 5-point scale.If a variety receives 5 points, this means that it has the lowest degree of immunity against diseases. The ideal score is 1 point, but breeders have not yet managed to achieve such “health” of the vine, so 2-2.5 points is considered a normal indicator.
Daria grapes received resistance to fungal diseases from both of their parents - the Kesha and Druzhba varieties. In addition, from the first of them he inherited early ripening combined with productivity, a large cluster and berries, outstanding taste characteristics of this famous Muscat variety (tasting score - above 9 points), increased sugar content, skin density, and frost resistance of the vine.
From varieties Druzhba Daria got early ripeness, powerful growth of the bush, high consumer qualities (suitability of the berries for fresh consumption and the production of sparkling wine from them), frost resistance (above average, bushes without shelter can withstand temperatures down to -23°C).
Review
Grapes Dashenka
Dashenka was obtained on the site of amateur breeder V. U. Kapelyushny. It is distinguished by its extremely early (100-105 days) ripening period. Ripe brushes can be cut off as early as August.
Description of the Dashenka grape variety and its photo:
- vigorous bush;
- the bunch is heavy and dense, weighing from 0 to 1 kg, with numerous berries;
- the berries are large, the weight of one reaches 12-16 g;
- the color of their skin is yellow-pink;
- the pulp is juicy, dense, and has a pleasant crunch;
- The nutmeg taste is harmonious, the aroma is pronounced.
The Dashenka grape vine is distinguished by early ripening and good resistance to freezing (down to -24°C). There is no need to cover it.
Review
Dashunya grapes
Another grape with the name Dashunya is the result of the selection work of amateur winegrower N.P. Vishnevetsky. This new hybrid form is also of early ripening (115-120 days). The breeder chose three varieties as parental forms: Kesha, Rizamat and Radiant Kishmish.
Description of the Dashunya grape variety and photo:
- the bush is characterized by strong growth;
- vine ripening is good;
- has a female type of flowering;
- the large bunch has a conical shape, medium density, weighing 1.5-2 kg;
- berries are pink, weighing 12-15 g, fleshy;
- The taste is excellent, nutmeg.
According to reviews from many gardeners, the berries of Dashun grapes are firmly attached to the stalk, and even with excess moisture they do not burst and are not affected by gray rot. Pollination is good, no peas are observed. Another advantage of this amateur hybrid form is that the bunches can easily be transported over long distances. The vine is resistant to mildew and oidium infection (degree of stability 2.5-3 points).The frost resistance of the hybrid form of Dashun grapes is increased (up to - 24 C).
Review
How to grow grapes
Early ripening grape varieties, which include all 3 hybrid forms, are economically profitable to grow, since early products are in demand on the market and have a fairly high price, and are also effective from the point of view of agricultural technology - early ripening of the crop minimizes the risk of the bunches being damaged by fungal diseases.
Before planting a grape bush, you need to choose a suitable place for it on the site. It must be sunny, since for the rapid ripening of berries this plant needs the light and thermal energy of the sun. You also need to take care of protection from the wind - it is advisable to plant the bush near the southern wall of the building or fence. The soil for the vine should be light, fertile, airy, and well-drained.
The method of planting a young grape seedling depends on the type of soil on the site. Usually, on sand and sandy loam, plants are planted in trenches, and on loam and clay, and even with close groundwater, in raised ridges.
It is necessary to place seedlings on the plot correctly. Table variety bushes need a certain feeding area, so you need to leave enough space between them. It is necessary to plant Daria, Dashenka and Dashunya grapes according to the following scheme:
- between bushes in a row - at least 1.5 m;
- between rows – 2-2.5 m.
It is better to place seedlings in planting holes not vertically, but laying them as low as possible, at the maximum possible angle. This will further enable the vine to ripen better.
It is better to cover young grape seedlings for the winter in the first 1-2 years of the growing season, despite the fact that they have good frost resistance. It is especially necessary to do this in the northern regions in order to protect the fragile vine from freezing. It must be removed from the trellis and hidden under reliable covering material. You can put boards or spruce branches under the bottom, and cover the shoots with a layer of agrofibre, film, roofing felt, etc. on top. You need to close it loosely and leave small gaps for ventilation.
It is necessary to water the bushes regularly only in the first year of their life so that they take root well. For older grape plants, watering should be carried out 3 times per season:
- 2 weeks before flowering begins (it is better not to water later, because excess moisture can cause color shedding and delay the ripening of the expected harvest);
- after flowering (watering should be stopped when the berries begin to color);
- moisture-recharging irrigation in late autumn.
You need to pour water not at the root, but between the rows or no closer than 0.5 m from the base of the bush. There is no need to sprinkle: diseases develop faster on a damp leaf.
In this case, all green shoots will grow along their entire length, and not mainly from the upper eyes, which often happens with a vertical garter.
Pruning of Daria, Dashenka and Dashunya grapes should be done in a timely manner, but sparingly. In the first year, no pruning is carried out. On mature bushes, you should not cut off all the shoots and tops at once.After the procedure, wintering buds may begin to grow on such plants, and this will significantly weaken them. The stepsons should not be broken out, but left 1-2 leaves on them. It is best to prune in the fall, after the grape leaves begin to fall off and the night temperature drops to below freezing. In spring, it is better to prune shoots on young bushes: an unpruned vine tolerates cold better than a trimmed one.
It will take several years to form a grape bush. It can be grown in the classic way - on a trellis, or planted near a canopy or small buildings so that it can entwine them. From a powerful, strong grapevine, you can cut cuttings for propagation and thus increase the number of bushes of the variety you like on your site.
Conclusion
Hybrid forms Daria, Dashenka and Dashunya are an excellent choice for any amateur gardener who wants to get an early and high-quality grape harvest from his plot. They are ready to show the gardener all their enormous potential; all that remains is to make an effort and help them with this.
