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Late grape varieties ripen in the fall, when the berry and fruit ripening season comes to an end. They are characterized by a long growing season (from 150 days) and a large sum of active temperatures (more than 2800 °C). The harvest begins at the end of September.
Grapes that ripen late have their advantages and disadvantages. The main advantage is the ability to use berries for homemade preparations. The disadvantage is that plants are susceptible to frost and disease.
Late ripening varieties are not recommended for planting in northern regions. In cold climates, berries often do not have time to ripen.
The best technical varieties
Technical late grape varieties contain a lot of juice in the pulp. Such plants are unpretentious to growing conditions. To obtain a high yield, the bushes are provided with care.
Isabel
Late Isabella grapes has technical and table applications. It is distinguished by large three-lobed leaves and cylindrical clusters weighing 140 g. The fruits are oval or round, black in color, with a thick waxy coating on the tough skin. Pulp with a rich strawberry aroma.
Isabella's ripening takes from 150 to 180 days from the beginning of the growing season. The bushes are powerful and vigorous.Late Isabella grapes are resistant to phylloxera and fungal diseases.
When growing Isabella, it is important to trim the shoots in a timely manner. With high density, the fruits ripen unevenly and lose their taste. The berries are used fresh or for making wine.
Photo of late Isabella grapes:
Muscat white
White Muscat grapes are an ancient variety of late fruiting, from which sweet dessert wines are made. Characteristic features of the plant are leaves with pointed tips, dense lobed clusters, and berries with a waxy coating.
The average weight of a bunch is 110 g, with the largest ones weighing 450 g. The berry is round in shape and yellowish in color. The pulp is tender and has a nutmeg aroma. The berry contains approximately 2-3 seeds.
White nutmeg has low winter hardiness; in the spring, the inflorescences suffer from frost. The harvest is harvested 140 days from the beginning of the growing season.
Merlot
Merlot grapes are a French late variety that ripens in 152-164 days. The leaves are round and medium-sized. The clusters are cylindrical-conical in shape, weighing about 120 g.
The berries are black, round in shape. The skin is strong, covered with a waxy coating, the flesh is juicy with white juice. Merlot wines have a full and harmonious taste.
Merlot produces a late, consistent harvest. The bushes are resistant to mildew, rot and low temperatures. Occasionally, peas occur.
Lydia
Late grapes Lydia have both technical and table purposes. The variety was imported from North America. Lydia is characterized by large rounded leaves. The clusters are conical, small in size, loose.
The berries are round, rich red in color, and have a waxy coating of lilac hue. Fruit ripening occurs in 158 days. The ripening of shoots is at a high level in both warm and northern regions. Up to 40 kg of berries are removed from the bush.
In warm climates, Lydia overwinters without shelter. The variety responds positively to fertilizing. Pruning and pinching helps to avoid bush thickening.
Northern Saperavi
Saperavi grapes the northern one ripens in the mid-late period. The period from bud swelling to harvest is 141 days. It is used to make table wine and blended juice. Saperavi wine is characterized by high astringency and herbaceous notes.
The clusters are cone-shaped, small in size, and quite loose. The fruits are small, oval, rich blue in color. The pulp contains a lot of juice, the skin is dense with a thick coating, the taste is harmonious and simple. The juice is bright pink and very thick.
Saperavi is highly resistant to winter frosts, but does not tolerate drought well. The harvest is normalized by pruning shoots.
Cabernet Sauvignon
A late French grape variety intended for making wine. The clusters are medium-sized, the berries are 15 mm in size, dark blue in color and round in shape. The skin is durable and covered with a thin layer of wax. The pulp is very juicy, the juice is clear.
To prepare wine, the clusters are removed 150-165 days after the start of the plant growing season. Cabernet Sauvignon is a late and winter-hardy variety, however, is prone to shedding of ovaries. During drought, the fruits become smaller. Sugar accumulation occurs even with increased load on the bush.
Cabernet Sauvignon grapes has good resistance to fungal infections.The variety successfully resists phylloxera and leaf roller.
The best table varieties
Late table grapes are intended for fresh consumption. The bunches and berries have excellent commercial and taste qualities and tolerate transportation well. Table varieties have thin skin, fleshy pulp and a small number of seeds.
Moldova
Moldova is a medium-late ripening table variety. Moldova grapes are characterized by large leaves and conical clusters. The mass of the bunches ranges from 400 g to 1 kg. The flesh is crispy and meaty. The fruits are oval, deep purple in color, covered with a thin layer of wax.
Moldova has great growth power. When the plantings become dense, the presentation and taste of the berries are lost. For the variety, long pruning is practiced. Up to 150 kg of berries are harvested from mature bushes.
The culture prefers nutritious, moist soils. Winter hardiness is at an average level. To protect against diseases, 1-2 treatments per season are required. Moldova is valued for its good transportability.
Photo of late grape variety Moldova:
Asma
Asma is a Crimean late variety that produces a harvest in 160 days. The vines are harvested in mid or late October.
The plant is characterized by large rounded leaves with sharp tips. The clusters are large, in the shape of a cone or cylinder, of medium density. The mass of the bunch is about 350 g. The fruits are large, purple in color and oval in shape, with a slight coating of wax on the skin.
The late variety Asma grows well in crushed stone soil, well warmed by the sun. For shoots, short pruning is used. Bushes are suitable for decorating gazebos. The bushes have low winter hardiness.
Anyuta
The Anyuta grape is a hybrid form that was bred by amateur breeder V.N. Krainov.Ripening occurs in the mid-late period. In the conditions of the Rostov region, the harvest is harvested at the end of September.
The bushes grow quickly after planting. The bunches are cone-shaped, weighing from 700 g to 1.2 kg. The density of the bunches is average, the commercial quality is high.
The fruits are large, oval, weighing 12 g, dark pink. The pulp has a high juice content, the skin is dense. Light nutmeg notes are felt in the taste. The productivity of the late variety Anyuta is high; for this, the number of ovaries on the shoots is normalized. The bushes must be covered for the winter.
Odessa souvenir
The grapes bring a stable high yield. The clusters are medium and large in size, loose, conical in shape, up to 20 cm long and about 12 cm wide.
The berries are large, oblong, up to 29 cm long and 12 cm wide. The color is black, the skin has a thick waxy coating. The taste is distinguished by nutmeg-thorn notes. The fruits contain 3-4 seeds.
This is a late-ripening grape variety; the harvest occurs 142 days after the buds swell. Harvesting is carried out at the end of September. The bushes are vigorous and powerful.
Odessa Souvenir has good resistance to gray rot and mildew, but requires protection from oidium. Frost resistance is low, so in the fall the vine is covered for the winter.
December
The Dekabrsky variety is a black table grape that ripens late in 165 days. The grapes are resistant to fungal diseases that develop at high humidity. The bushes are not susceptible to phylloxera and leaf roller. Increased winter hardiness; plants tolerate temperatures down to -27 °C.
Clusters of medium density, weighing 220 g. Fruits weighing 3 g. Leaves are oval, three-lobed, medium in size. The taste is harmonious and simple.The ripening of the vines is at a high level.
The fruits are of high commercial quality, but during long-term transportation they fall off the brush. The harvest is stored for a long time in the refrigerator. The late Dekabrsky variety is suitable for industrial cultivation.
In memory of Negrul
In memory of Negrul – a late-ripening grape variety obtained in Moldova. Bushes are immune to fungal diseases. The variety rarely suffers from phylloxera and other pests.
Memory Negrul grapes have good frost resistance. The vine is covered in a snowless winter. The shoots need long pruning.
The bushes quickly grow green mass. The flowers are bisexual and do not require a pollinator to form ovaries. Productivity is high and stable. During prolonged rains, cracking of the berries is observed.
The average weight of a bunch is 350 g, size is 12x20 cm. The bunches are loose and loose. The berries are black, weighing 5-7 g, the taste of the pulp is simple. Memory Negrul has a marketable appearance and can be stored in the refrigerator for a long time.
Conclusion
When choosing a late grape variety, the characteristics of the region are taken into account. These varieties are suitable for growing in warm climates. In cold regions, berries do not always have time to ripen. Late grapes are represented by table and technical varieties.
Some can be consumed without processing or sent for making wine drinks. Late varieties are used for planting in gardens, as well as for industrial cultivation. Most of them are resistant to diseases, cold spells and pests.
