Being an Indian liana by origin, the cucumber is not enthusiastic about the Russian cold. But plants have no chance against human desires, so the cucumber had to adapt to the harsh conditions of the Ural region.
The selection of Ural cucumbers was aimed not only at productivity, but also at frost resistance in conditions Siberia. Today, sufficiently frost-resistant varieties have already been bred that can grow even in open ground in the conditions of the Trans-Urals. Although even these varieties grow in open ground in the summer. In spring it is better to keep them under film.
At the beginning of germination, cucumbers require a lot of heat, so experienced gardeners often put fresh horse manure under the seeds. This is the only type of fresh manure in which plants can be planted. At the same time, horse manure that has dried to a dry pellet is no longer suitable for anything other than mulching.
Varieties of Russian selection for open ground in the Urals
Cold-resistant varieties are divided into two groups: hybrids F1 and high-yielding superbunch hybrids F1.
Hybrids for open ground
"Altai F1"
The variety is bee-pollinated, so open ground is preferable.Versatile. Very good for preservation.
Can be grown in open ground and in greenhouses. Early ripening. The scourge is one hundred and twenty centimeters long. Cucumbers are about ten centimeters and weigh eighty-five grams.
Seeds are planted in open ground or under film to a depth of one and a half to two centimeters. At the end of May, seedlings are planted. Plant density up to ten per square meter. Requires watering with warm water and fertilizing with nitrogenous fertilizers every ten days.
"White Sugar F1"
Up to 12 cm long, suitable for canning and salads. They look very beautiful and exotic in the garden beds.
Mid-season newly bred hybrid. Universal parthenocarpic. The fruits can no longer be called greens. They have a beautiful creamy white color.
Seeds are sown for seedlings in early April at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Planted in the ground after the end of frost. Seeds are sown in open ground at the end of May to a depth of one to one and a half centimeters. The crops are covered with film. The number of plants is 12-14 per square meter. Requires watering with warm water and fertilizer twice a month.
"Ajax F1"
It is pollinated only by bees and for this reason is not suitable for greenhouses.
An early-ripening, high-yielding hybrid, excellent for industrial cultivation. When industrially grown on trellises in combination with fertilization and drip irrigation, it can produce up to a ton of cucumbers per hectare. Fruit weight 100 g.
It is better to plant seedlings in open ground. Planted in beds 0.6-0.7 m wide with a distance between plants of fifteen to twenty centimeters.Thanks to selection, the variety produces a moderate number of lateral shoots, so only the stepsons on the first two to three nodes are removed.
"Taganay F1"
It bears fruit on the thirty-seventh day after the sprouts appear. Fruits up to ten centimeters.
A new ultra-early ripening hybrid obtained through conventional selection. There are two or three ovaries in a knot. They are universal. Suitable for canning, pickling, making pickles or eating fresh.
Does not suffer from powdery mildew. It has an original property: it combines characteristics beam And bush varieties. The stem branches strongly, restraining the growth of the main vine. For this reason, the hybrid is ideal for growing it spread out, that is, in a horizontal plane.
Super bunch varieties of hybrids
They are characterized by high yield due to the formation of many fruits in one node. They can produce up to four hundred fruits from one plant. Plant no more than two bushes per square meter so that the plants receive enough sunlight. Resistant to major cucumber diseases.
"Mels F1"
Cucumbers are not bitter, but the bush requires plenty of watering. Mels should not be planted too closely.
A very early ripening variety of cucumbers. From germination to the first cucumbers there are only thirty-six days. The length of the greens is up to ten centimeters, and each node has five to seven ovaries. Its planting pattern: square 0.7x0.7 m. Due to the abundance of fruits, harvesting must be done daily. Resistant to major diseases.
"Beam splendor F1"
Designed for growing in greenhouses. Fruiting until late autumn.It has the property of regulating the regrowth of side shoots when the main stem is loaded with a high yield.
Gherkin early ripening hybrid. Parthenocarpic variety. Forms bunches of three to five ovaries. Fruit size is 8-11 cm. Suitable for pickling.
Resistant to major diseases and low temperatures. Recommended for growing in northern regions. Well suited for areas located in lowlands.
"F1 perfection"
Ideal for preservation due to its dense pulp. The cucumbers turn out crispy.
An early ripening hybrid intended for greenhouses. There are three to six ovaries in bunches. The size of cucumbers is up to ten centimeters with abundant “pubescence”. The spines are not prickly.
It begins to bear fruit on the thirty-seventh day after germination. Productivity up to thirty kilograms per square meter.
In addition to disease resistance, it differs from other varieties in the absence of bitterness even when grown in an unfavorable environment. For this reason, it is very good in fresh salads.
“Everyone is the envy of F1”
Very popular among gardeners. Can be planted in open ground, greenhouses or greenhouses.
A hybrid variety that fully justifies the pretentious name. It grows well in the shade, which makes it possible to grow it indoors. Early ripening. Cucumbers up to twelve centimeters long with three to six ovaries per node. Excellent for pickling.
Branching is genetically self-regulated. Yields are consistently high. If agricultural techniques are followed, there is no bitterness.
Seeds for seedlings are planted in the last week of March - the first week of April. Seedlings are transferred to the soil only in heated soil with a guaranteed absence of frost. Cover from cold weather with film or non-woven material.
The seeds are sown immediately into the ground in warmed soil to a depth of one and a half to two centimeters with a planting pattern of 0.6x0.15 m.
The disadvantages of this variety include the inability to collect seeds for further cultivation and the relative high cost of seed material in stores.
"Siberian Garland F1"
The variety is distinguished by a very large number of cucumbers hanging on vines like light bulbs on a New Year's garland.
Small, five- to eight-centimeter cucumbers are ideal for pickling. The pulp is firm, without voids inside. The hybrid is one of the most shade-loving, so it is necessary to provide it with protection from direct sunlight. In the heat, the cucumbers will be small and the yield will be greatly reduced. Doesn't like the wind. Requires a large amount of nutrients. A good harvest is obtained when fertilized with rotted mullein.
The first harvest is harvested one and a half months after planting. It should be borne in mind that untimely harvesting reduces the fertility of the bush. With proper care, you can harvest from thirty to forty kilograms of gherkins per square meter.
You can plant both seedlings and seeds. Seeds are sown to a depth of one and a half centimeters at a distance of 0.15 meters from each other. The distance between the beds is 0.6 meters.
Wanting to get the cucumber harvest early, Siberian garland planted in greenhouses.
General principles for growing superbunch hybrids
Plants are formed into one stem to improve illumination and provide the ovaries with adequate nutrition.Remove female flowers with side shoots at the first three nodes and remove side shoots from all other internodes up to the trellis. After the formation of the first harvest, the cucumber needs nitrogen fertilizer. In addition to nitrogen, it is worth feeding plants with complex fertilizers and organic matter (diluted manure). Water abundantly and regularly. The number of mature plants per square meter is no more than two. Harvest is regular and timely.
If these conditions are met, super bunch hybrids will delight you with a very high yield.
Greenhouse
"RMT F1"
The variety is also suitable for open ground, but it is preferable to grow it in greenhouses. Beam early ripening. Forms up to ten ovaries in each node.
The number of simultaneously ripening cucumbers is from twenty to thirty. The variety is universal. Gherkins up to thirteen centimeters in size. It withstands drought well, producing large yields even in dry summers.
Conclusion
When buying seeds in a store, carefully read the characteristics of the variety. You will have to buy them every year, since all the varieties bred at the Miass breeding station are first-generation hybrids and it is impossible to obtain seeds from them for breeding. In addition, parthenocarpic varieties may not produce seeds at all.
