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For optimal use of greenhouse areas when growing tomatoes, it is necessary to combine determinant and indeterminate varieties.
Determinate varieties of tomatoes differ from indeterminate the fact that they contain a stop in growth after reaching genetically programmed limits. While indeterminate ones can grow as long as weather conditions permit. In greenhouses this means virtually continuous growth.
Determinate varieties of tomatoes usually not very productive in comparison with indeterminate ones and not tall, so they are planted either in low greenhouses or along the perimeter of high greenhouses, where the roof goes down.
In high greenhouses, indeterminate varieties are planted closer to the center, allowing the harvest to be harvested for several months.
Determinate varieties have an advantage over indeterminate varieties in terms of ripening. They ripen earlier than the latter. Their disadvantage is that the fruiting period is limited.
They try to select determinate varieties of tomatoes for greenhouses not only taking into account yield and fruit size, but also resistance to diseases, which is especially important when grown in greenhouses, where it is difficult to maintain the required humidity and temperature conditions. In greenhouses there may be a lack of lighting or too low a temperature; temperature changes can be much sharper than natural ones. High humidity often causes fungal diseases of plants. At the same time, tomato bushes should produce a stable harvest.
Taking these conditions into account, the requirements for determinate varieties grown in greenhouses are much stricter than for varieties for open ground. The undisputed leaders of determinate varieties tomatoes for greenhouses are f1 hybrids, bred taking into account all the necessary qualities.
Determinate hybrids for greenhouses
Bourgeois F1
The hybrid was bred in Odessa. Grows equally well in greenhouse conditions and in the open air in the south of Russia and in the Central zone. To the north, “Bourgeois” can only be grown indoors.
When selling this variety, different companies may designate it as early-ripening or mid-ripening, so you should focus on the growing season. For Bourgeois, it takes 105 days from the moment the seedlings are planted to the opportunity to collect the first ripe fruits.
Determinate hybrid. The bushes are standard and tall. Height 80-120 cm. In the south they can grow up to 1.5 m. The size of tomatoes is average, weight up to 200 g. The very first ones can grow up to 400 g.
The variety is very suitable for canning. Thanks to the favorable ratio of acids and sugars in the fruit, Bourgeois produces delicious juice.
The disadvantages of this hybrid include fragile branches that require mandatory tying.
Productivity from 7 to 12 kg per m² (with good care). Planting density is 3-4 bushes per meter. The hybrid is not recommended for cultivation on an industrial scale due to the lack of a guarantee of high yield. “Bourgeois” is intended for personal subsidiary plots.
Advantages of "Bourgeois"
The main advantages of “Bourgeois” are noted by both professionals and amateur gardeners:
- high keeping quality of fruits;
- resistance to temperature fluctuations;
- relative drought resistance;
- immunity to TMV, verticillium, as well as black leg and blossom end rot;
- versatility of using tomatoes.
When growing a variety, it must be fed with complex fertilizers and protected from pests, since, despite all its resistance to fungi and viruses, the plant is not able to resist spider mites, Colorado potato beetles or slugs.
Openwork F1
The fruit ripening time of the hybrid is similar to “Bourgeois” and is 105 days. “Azhur” is a standard determinate plant up to 90 cm high. It is included in the state register of the Russian Federation and is recommended for cultivation in greenhouse conditions and in open beds.
The fruits are medium-sized, weighing up to 280 g. The very first tomatoes can grow almost twice as large.
The advantages of the variety include its consistently high yield, thanks to which it is recommended for industrial cultivation and is loved by summer residents. Initially developed as a greenhouse crop for the northern regions of Russia. It can be grown outdoors in the southern regions, where it shows good yield. In the Trans-Ural regions, the hybrid is grown exclusively in greenhouses.
Resistant to the most common greenhouse diseases of tomatoes.
The hybrid forms ovaries in bunches of 5 fruits each. There can be up to 4 bunches on one branch. If you need to get large fruits, you need to leave no more than 3 ovaries in a bunch, and 2 bunches on a branch. During the season, from 1 m² you can get up to 12 kg of tomatoes.
The variety is universal: it can be processed into juice and tomato paste or consumed fresh.
Like any high-yielding plant, “Azhur” experiences an increased need for mineral and organic fertilizers.
Doll Masha F1
Hybrid designed for greenhouses. Determinate bush, up to 90 cm high, standard. Recommended for cultivation in all regions of Russia, as it grows in greenhouses. The hybrid yield is up to 8 kg/m². Needs feeding.
The fruits are pink, weighing up to 250 g. The ovaries are formed in bunches of 5 pieces each. Tomatoes have excellent keeping quality.
Also, the positive qualities of the variety include resistance to tomato diseases.
Olya F1
The best variety for commercial cultivation. Recommended for greenhouses, where it can grow year-round. Cold-hardy, early ripening, resistant to diseases of tomatoes in the greenhouse. The bush is super-determinate, excellent for glass and polycarbonate greenhouses.
At each node it forms three clusters of inflorescences, located 1-2 leaves apart from each other. There are up to 9 ovaries in each raceme. Ovaries can form at fairly low temperatures (+7-13°C).
Sweet and sour fruits weigh 135 g. The variety differs from other tomatoes in the even size of the fruit: diameter is about 65 mm. Preferable for fresh consumption, also suitable for processing.
Productivity up to 25 kg/m².
Fans of large-fruited determinate tomato varieties for greenhouses can pay attention to the following varieties. The pulp of these varieties is most often fleshy, well suited for salads, but juice there is little in it.
Large-fruited tomato varieties for greenhouses
Alsou
One of the best tomatoes for greenhouses. A determinate variety of tomatoes, bred in the current century, whose bush height is 0.8 m. It is not a standard variety, therefore it requires the formation of a bush with two to three stems and pinching.
The variety is not a hybrid, which means it is possible to collect seeds for sowing next year. Early ripening. It takes only 90 days from sowing to harvesting the first fruits.
Recommended for growing indoors and outdoors in Western and Eastern Siberia, as well as in the Urals. In more northern regions, the variety is grown only in greenhouse conditions.
The fruits are red when ripe, but the color is not rich. The weight of a tomato can reach 500 g, which is why the Alsou bushes require garter. Otherwise, they may break under the weight of the tomatoes. The taste of the fruit is sweet, without sourness. You can collect up to 9 kg of fruits per square meter. m.
"Alsu" forms single ovaries, unlike bunched varieties. In general, the variety is universal, consumed fresh and suitable for preservation.
The disadvantages of the variety are:
- weakness of young seedlings and seedlings;
- unsuitable for canning whole fruits: it does not fit into the standard neck of the jar.
Advantages of "Alsu":
- high resistance to the most common diseases;
- large fruits;
- excellent taste of fruits;
- possibility of long-term storage;
- good transportability.
F1 doll
A recently bred determinate hybrid, which has already become one of the top ten varieties among those grown indoors. The bush is only 0.7 m high, but the fruits can weigh up to 400 g, and there is more than one tomato on the branch, so the bush needs to be tied up. The yield of the variety is up to 9 kg per square meter.
The seeds of second-generation hybrids split into parental forms, and the heterosis effect, which makes it possible to obtain such luxurious fruits, disappears. In the case of hybrids, an annual purchase of seeds from the manufacturer is justified.
Pink fruits with a classic round shape. A tomato contains on average 5 chambers. The pulp is fleshy and sweet. The content of saccharides in the fruits of the hybrid is up to 7%.
The purpose is universal. “Failed” small fruits are well suited for preservation.
The “doll” has good keeping quality and transportability.
Spring of the North F1
Determinate tomato variety intended for cultivation in unheated greenhouses in risky farming zones from SeDeK. Early ripening. Fruits up to 350 g, pink. The pulp is fleshy and juicy.
Bush up to 0.6 m high. Productivity of the variety is up to 8 kg per square meter. m. Resistant to verticillium.
Pride of Siberia
Siberians have one peculiarity: they suffer a little from gigantomania. And varieties tomatoes of Siberian selection this is confirmed.
The determinate bush of the Pride of Siberia variety reaches a height of one and a half meters. The fruits can weigh 950 g, usually do not exceed 850 g. Ripe tomatoes are red.
The variety is early ripening. From planting seedlings to the first ripened fruits, 95 days pass.“Pride of Siberia” can be grown in open ground, although it grows much better in greenhouses. Since the variety was originally intended for greenhouses, it is recommended for cultivation in all regions of Russia. In the south it can be grown in open ground.
One bush can produce 5 kg of tomatoes. With a planting density of 4-5 bushes per meter, up to 25 kg of tomatoes can be harvested from 1 m². Theoretically, the variety is universal. It is good fresh and suitable for making juice or paste. The idea of winter harvesting can meet only one obstacle: the fruit is too large and cannot be preserved entirely. But it will be good with assorted vegetables.
The advantages of the variety include disease resistance, selected fruits, excellent taste and high yield.
Disadvantages include weak branches of the bush that need supports.
The peculiarities of growing the variety include an increased need for phosphorus and potassium during the growing season and demands for watering. To increase productivity, only two stems are left on the bush. The rest are deleted.
Nobleman
Mid-season variety bred by the Siberian Research Institute of Plants. The growing season is 115 days.
One of the best varieties of Trans-Ural selection. The variety is determinate, not standard. Requires bush formation by pinching. The height of the bush is from 0.6 m. It can grow up to one and a half meters.
The fruits are pink, heart-shaped. If you leave things to chance, the fruits will grow weighing up to 250 g. To increase the size of the fruit, the flowers are pinched, leaving no more than five ovaries on the branches. In this case, tomatoes grow up to 400 g. Occasionally up to a kilogram.
It is not recommended to plant more than 4 bushes per square meter. m. Productivity varies depending on the region. The maximum was recorded in the Omsk region: up to 700 c/ha.
In the northern regions it is recommended for growing in a greenhouse; in the south it grows well in open ground.
The advantages of "Velmozhi" are:
- unpretentiousness to weather conditions and frost resistance;
- high productivity;
- excellent taste of tomatoes. With proper care, the fruits are sugary;
- good keeping quality and transportability;
- resistance to diseases.
The variety is more suitable for salads and juicing. It is too large to preserve whole fruits.
Disadvantages include mandatory fertilizing, pinching, regular abundant watering, regular loosening of the soil and mandatory staking of stems.
Tips from experienced gardeners
- To stimulate fruiting of tomato bushes, you can place buckets of manure or fermenting grass in the greenhouse. Fermentation will increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air. With a high carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere, the fruits grow larger.
- To increase the size of fruits from determinate varieties of tomatoes, you need to cut several ovaries from each cluster. The remaining tomatoes will grow more actively and will grow 2 times larger than usual. “Experienced” vegetable growers talk about tomatoes weighing 1 kg. But...if there are “hunting” and “fishing” stories, then why not be “garden”? Of course, if we are not talking about large-fruited varieties.
- In a greenhouse, it is better to grow several varieties at the same time, including both determinate and indeterminate varieties. In addition to variety, this technique guarantees a harvest.
- If the flowering of the bushes is not very active, it is necessary to remove the lower ovaries.Freed from excessive load, the bush will later produce 2 times more fruit.
There are a huge variety of tomatoes. Both determinant and indeterminate. You can experiment for years in search of the best variety, or, by planting several varieties at a time, eventually settle on those that suit you best.
