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Some of their garlic varieties are successfully grown in the cool climate of the Siberian region. This takes into account the requirements for soil treatment and subsequent plant care. To determine the optimal timing for harvesting garlic in Siberia, the peculiarities of cultivation are taken into account depending on weather conditions and the timing of its ripening.
Varieties for growing in cool climates
For planting on Siberian soil, varieties with increased resistance to disease and cold are selected. The following varieties of garlic have good development and productivity indicators in this region:
- "Siberian". It is often planted in this region. The shape of the bulbs of this variety is round-flat, with a slight point at the top, weighing from 19 to 28 g. The upper scales have a grayish-violet tint. If the plants were planted in the fall, the first shoots appear in March. Each bulb contains an average of 4 mauve cloves.
- Garlic variety "Novosibirsky 1" characterized by increased resistance to winter cold. The bulbs reach an average of 19 g. Their shape is almost round, with a top layer of pale pink scales. One onion contains up to 10 cloves with a semi-sharp taste. From one square meter of area you can get up to 1.4 kg of this variety. A positive characteristic of Novosibirsk 1 garlic is its resistance to fusarium.
- Peninsular variety "Alcor" refers to a winter species with high productivity. It is grown both in personal plots and on an industrial scale. Up to 3.6 tons of garlic are harvested from one hectare. Alcor bulbs can grow up to 36 g. Each contains up to 5 cloves. It has good shelf life and disease resistance.
- Siberian variety "Scythian" ripens 95 days after planting. Bulbs weighing up to 29 g. Up to 0.8 kg of bulbs can be collected from one square meter. The scales are quite dense with a white-lilac tint. Successfully resists bacteriosis and white rot.
- In a mid-season variety "Sir-10" flat-round bulb shape, weighing up to 30 g. Each consists of 9 teeth of medium density. The variety has increased winter hardiness and the ability to resist diseases. A popular variety for use in canning. The taste is quite spicy. Sir-10 has poor resistance to bacterial rot. The growing season is approximately 87 days. 0.43 kg of garlic is harvested from one square meter.
- Variety "Autumn" - universal. The bulbs are large, weighing up to 41 g. The scales are purple, and the teeth are cream-colored. The onion has 4 cloves. This variety is considered early ripening. It has good winter hardiness and high yield. In areas of Siberia, it is practiced to plant it after harvesting winter crops at the beginning of the summer season.
- Variety "Bashkirsky-85" with a flat-round fruit shape. The bulbs are very large, weighing up to 70 g. Resistant to diseases. It is usually grown in industrial quantities. From one hectare it is possible to collect up to 70 tons. To determine when this garlic can be harvested in Siberia, the day of emergence is noted, since it reaches technical ripeness 90 days after this point.
- Garlic "Grodekovsky" It has good winter hardiness, but low yield. It is possible to collect only 3 tons from 1 hectare. The growing season is about 85 days.
- Variety "Reliable" tolerates frosty months well. It has a medium degree of maturity. The bulbs are large, 70 g each. This variety has very good shelf life, can be stored for up to 11 months.
Planting technology
To determine the required moment for planting winter garlic in Siberia, the need for its rooting before the onset of cold days is taken into account. The optimal period for planting is from the end of September to the first days of October, and there are approximately 45 days left before frost. If planted earlier, leaves may germinate and the plant's resistance to winter temperatures may decrease.
Winter garlic is planted with bulblets that grow at the ends of the arrows before winter, and the next year they are not dug up, but allowed to overwinter in the soil again. Only after a year do you get fully formed garlic with several cloves or bulbs consisting of one large head. This type of garlic planting is most popular in Siberia.
Harvesting garlic
It is wrong to believe that time is not of significant importance, When to Harvest Winter Garlic in Siberia. It is unforgivable to do it ahead of schedule or just a week late. Staying in the ground for an extra couple of days can negatively affect keeping quality. The main condition is that the vegetable is fully ripe. It is necessary to be able to determine the moment when to start digging. Excessive time for the heads to remain in the soil leads to the fact that the bulb begins to disintegrate, and the scales easily peel off.
For harvesting garlic planted before winter in the Siberian region, the optimal date is considered to be the second half of July. At this time, the seed box opens at the ends of the arrows.
Spring garlic is planted in Siberian conditions from the second half of April to May. Unlike winter varieties, they do not shoot arrows. Spring garlic is stored better than autumn-planted garlic.
For faster germination, garlic is soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate, wrapped in a cloth moistened with water and placed in the refrigerator for 2-3 days.
Time to dig spring garlic usually occurs 2 weeks after the start of harvesting winter varieties. This occurs from the first half of August and can continue until September 15. The period varies depending on the growing season of the variety (100-125 days), the time of planting in the ground, as well as weather conditions and care during cultivation. Prolonged heat leads to harvesting being carried out earlier than usual.
Signal when to dig winter garlic in Siberia, this may result in the formation of cracks in the soil in the garden bed. The dug up bulbs must be placed under a canopy to dry for 2 weeks, after which the stump is cut to 2-3 cm.
It is not always recommended to remove the arrows from garlic. Some of the varieties react poorly to this procedure and, after removing the arrow, the bulbs stop gaining weight. Garlic varieties brought to the Siberian region from Asia do not tolerate this procedure well, but in local varieties, after the shoots are broken, the bulb gains from 10 to 15% of its weight.
The time when garlic planted in spring should be dug up is determined by its appearance.This period usually occurs from the last week of August to September 10th. By this time, the leaves become yellow, and the neck of the false stem softens. When dug up, the bulb must be strong, fully formed and not damaged.
You can rely on the lunar calendar or the weather. Cleaning should only be carried out in dry weather. The bulbs are dug up with a pitchfork and left in the garden until they dry out.
If the weather is very hot or it starts to rain, the crop is brought under a canopy to dry it. This process is very important for storing the crop. To make it easier to preserve garlic, its roots are shortened, leaving 2 cm, and 7-8 cm are left from the stem so that you can braid or tie the bulbs in a bunch and hang the bunch from the wall.
Garlic storage
After digging up the garlic, they use 2 methods to preserve it in winter: warm and cold. For thermal storage, garlic is placed in fabric bags or cardboard boxes and placed in a dark place with a cool temperature. For cold storage use a place in a refrigerator or cellar, where the temperature is not higher than +5 degrees.
Sometimes these two methods are combined. In this case, after six months of storage in a warm room, the garlic is lowered into the basement or placed in the refrigerator for 2 months. This stimulates the growth of planting material after it is planted in the soil.
