Content
The Tamaris variety attracts cherry lovers with its characteristics. A detailed acquaintance with the advantages of the Tamaris cherry and a description of the variety will allow gardeners to diversify the range of fruit crops in their garden and enjoy unusually tasty berries.
History of selection
A low variety of cherry was bred by breeder T.V. Morozova. at VNIIS named after. I.V. Michurina (Tambov region). Tamara Morozova specializes in breeding winter-hardy, low-growing, high-yielding cherry varieties.
To obtain the desired result, breeders treated seedlings of the “Shirpotreb Chernaya” variety with the chemical mutagen EI at the seedling stage. The result of their long work was the Tamaris cherry, which received its name in honor of the originator.
Description of culture
The Tamaris variety is a low-growing species, so an adult tree is a natural dwarf.
An important advantage of the Tamaris variety is high yield combined with compactness. It is the short stature that makes it possible to place a sufficient number of trees on the site, and also greatly facilitates crop care and harvesting. The height of an adult cherry tree is no more than 2 m. Individual specimens of “Tamaris” can reach a height of 2.5 m.
"Tamaris" is recommended by its originators for cultivation in the Central Black Earth and North Caucasus regions. “Tamaris” is often used by summer gardeners when landscaping and landscaping the site, and creating compact orchards.
Brief characteristics of the Tamaris cherry variety:
- The crown of the cherry tree is spreading, not too dense, and round in shape. It is distinguished by its elevation, which is visible quite clearly.
- The bark on the main branches and trunk of the cherry tree is brown in color.
- The shoots are long and produce a small number of lentils. The buds of the Tamaris variety are oval.
- The leaves are smooth without pubescence, with denticles along the edges of the leaf blade. The cuttings are short.
- The inflorescences of the Tamaris cherry variety consist of medium-sized white pink flowers.
The great pride of gardeners who grow Tamaris cherries is the fruit. They are large, round, dark red in color, and have excellent taste. The seed inside is also large, and the flesh is juicy, sweet and sour. Less acid, more sweetness. Therefore, at the first tasting, the taste of delicate berries makes a pleasant impression.
Tamaris fruits contain 38 mg/100 g of vitamin C, almost 10% sugars, and 1.67% acids. The weight of one cherry is about 5 g.The transportability of the fruits of the variety is at an average level, so gardeners try to sell and process the harvested crop as quickly as possible.
Characteristics
The main characteristics of the Tamaris cherry variety, for which gardeners choose it for planting, should be described in more detail.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
The species belongs to varieties with high winter hardiness. Without shelter, cherries can easily withstand frosts down to -24°C. Drought resistance of "Tamaris" is average. During periods of severe drought and heat, you should not leave the tree without irrigation, otherwise you may lose a significant part of the harvest.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening time
The Tamaris variety is self-fertile. Fruits on bouquet branches. The ovaries are formed during the period when the flowers are still closed. Therefore, the variety perfectly forms a harvest on its own. Pollinators are not necessary for Tamaris cherries. On the contrary, the variety is a good pollinator for other late-bearing species. However, the yield of the Tamaris variety increases significantly when adjacent to the Lyubskaya, Zhukovskaya, and Turgenevka cherries. On the section of the branch that has grown over the year, up to 16 buds are formed, half of which are flower buds.
This type of cherry belongs to the late ripening period. Fruit formation occurs at a time when the harmful effects of spring frosts are no longer possible.
Fruit ripening occurs from the second half of July to early August.
Productivity, fruiting
"Tamaris" begins to bear fruit in the 2nd or 3rd year after planting.
This is an advantageous characteristic for gardeners, allowing them to get their first harvest very quickly.From one tree you can collect up to 10 kg of ripe berries per season, when grown on an industrial scale - up to 80 c/ha.
The lifespan of cherries is more than 20 years. During this period, fruiting is stable, the quality, quantity and size of the fruit does not decrease. The only factor that can affect productivity is harsh climatic conditions, for example, in Western Siberia. In this region, the Tamaris variety is characterized by a shorter life expectancy, reduced fruiting period and reduced harvest quality.
Area of application of berries
The berries of Tamaris are much sweeter than the usual taste of cherries, therefore they have universal use. Cherry juices are very tasty and rich. When frozen, the fruits perfectly retain their shape, juiciness and taste, and the compotes have a pleasant aroma and bright cherry color.
The berries of the variety are suitable for drying, and the jam has a liquid consistency due to the juiciness of the cherries. When fresh, the fruits are superior to many varieties in terms of taste.
Resistance to diseases and pests
Resistance to crop diseases is quite high; the ability of the variety to resist coccomycosis is especially valued. Other fungal diseases also rarely affect Tamaris cherries.
Advantages and disadvantages
Like any fruit and berry crop, the dwarf cherry “Tamaris” has its pros and cons.
Advantages | Flaws |
High yield | Mandatory and timely pruning in order to regulate the load on the tree. The branches break due to the large number of fruits |
Disease resistance | |
Winter hardiness | |
Compact and short | |
Self-fertility | |
Wind resistance |
Landing Features
Planting a new variety is not only an exciting event for every gardener. The health, duration of fruiting of the variety, as well as the quantity and quality of the harvest depend on how responsibly and competently you approach this process.
Recommended timing
Tamaris cherries can be planted in spring and autumn. If spring planting is planned, then the event must be carried out before the buds on the seedling open. This usually happens in April. Autumn planting of trees is possible no later than October. But still, it is better to plant “Tamaris” in the spring, so that the onset of early autumn frosts does not destroy the weak plant, and the seedlings have time to take root and prepare for winter.
Choosing a suitable location
Cherry "Tamaris" takes root well and bears fruit well in well-lit and ventilated areas. Therefore, it is important to choose a place for her in the garden so that it meets her requirements.
To plant Tamaris cherries, it is necessary to select an area with loose, light loamy soil. If the soil structure differs from the required one, then take appropriate measures to improve the soil composition. Be sure to reduce the acidity to a neutral pH level if the soil is acidic.
Although the variety is low-growing, a distance of at least 2 meters must be left between plants.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries?
Different crops grow in the garden, so the development, fruiting and productivity of the cherry tree depend on the correct selection of neighbors.For "Tamaris" it is preferable to select a site next to cherries, grapes or hawthorn.
But close proximity to apple trees, pears, plums, apricots or cherry plums is undesirable. The optimal distance between unwanted neighbors and Tamaris is 6 meters. In this case, all plants will get along well and will bear fruit well.
Selection and preparation of planting material
A cherry seedling is considered high quality if:
- tree height is at least 1 m;
- it has a branched root system 20 cm long and several branches on the stem;
- there are no signs of disease or damage to the roots, bark or leaves;
- the age of planting material is no more than 2 years.
It is recommended to purchase seedlings from trusted suppliers. It is advisable to soak the cherry roots for 2-3 hours before planting and be sure to trim off the damaged parts.
Landing algorithm
Even a novice gardener can plant Tamaris cherries. It is important to adhere to the following agrotechnical recommendations:
- Dig a planting hole measuring 50 x 50 cm.
- Make sure that the root system of the cherry seedling fits freely into the hole when it is straightened.
- Place a drainage layer on the bottom of the hole, then a mixture of humus (1 bucket), superphosphate (40 g), potassium chloride (25 g), wood ash (1 kg). The soil mixture must be mixed well before planting.
- Before planting, drive in a stake for subsequent staking of the cherry seedling.
- Place the seedling on the north side of the peg, straighten the roots, and cover with soil.
- Compact the soil, make a circle around the trunk, water generously with water (2-3 buckets).
- Mulch the surrounding area.
And once again briefly about the landing:
Subsequent care of the crop
Caring for the Tamaris variety is quite simple.Cherries need watering, periodic loosening of the soil, fertilizing and pruning.
Watering is adjusted depending on weather conditions. A young tree needs 1-2 buckets every week. During the period of flowering, formation and ripening of fruits, the watering rate must be increased. After harvesting, Tamaris should be watered only as needed.
Cherries are fed from the age of 3, provided that at the time of planting the soil was fertilized in accordance with the recommendations. Nitrogen-based fertilizing is applied in the spring, and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers are applied in the fall.
Also, the Tamaris variety responds well to fertilizing with ash and mullein, which is applied twice during the season - at the time of flowering and 2-3 weeks after the first.
The variety needs regular pruning. If you skip the procedure of shortening the branches, they may break under the weight of the harvest.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Cause of illness or injury | Prevention and treatment measures |
Rodents | Protecting the bark with dense material |
Cherry weevil | Timely treatment with insecticides |
Moniliosis, coccomycosis | Treatment with preparations containing sulfur and copper, cleaning and burning of affected parts |
Leaf chlorosis | Treatment with Chlorophyte according to the instructions |
Conclusion
Cherry "Tamaris" is the best option for a small summer cottage. Compact, low-growing trees greatly simplify the process of care, pruning and harvesting. In addition, the variety does well without pollinators.The versatility of using berries allows you to minimize the number of varieties for cultivation and expand the range of fruit and berry crops in a limited space.
