Content
- 1 When can you spray cherries in the spring against diseases and pests?
- 2 How to treat cherries in spring against diseases and pests
- 3 Rules for spring treatment of cherries from diseases and pests
- 4 How to treat cherries to avoid empty flowers
- 5 How to spray cherries in spring to improve harvest
- 6 Rules for spring processing of cherries
- 7 Conclusion
Treatment of cherries in the spring against diseases and pests is needed not only for treatment, but also for prevention. To carry out the treatment correctly and without harm, you need to know what exactly and when to spray the plant.
When can you spray cherries in the spring against diseases and pests?
When processing fruit trees, you should always rely not on specific dates, but primarily on the weather.The timing of spraying depends on temperature conditions and the specific region.
When to treat cherries for pests in spring
Trees begin to be treated for pests with the onset of the first warming. Insect larvae wake up in the ground and fallen leaves - accordingly, it is advisable to carry out the first treatment at this very moment. Typically, the tree is sprayed until green buds and buds appear, and then the procedure is repeated several times during the spring and summer.
The first treatment is carried out immediately after spring warming
Timing for treating cherries against diseases in spring
Treatment for diseases is also carried out with the onset of heat, but before the start of sap flow. You need to focus on temperature indicators - you can spray a tree against fungal diseases at a temperature of about 5 ° C above zero.
As a rule, the right time is early or mid-March in the middle zone and early April in Siberia.
How to treat cherries in spring against diseases and pests
Preparations for wood treatment can be divided into 2 categories - chemical and homemade. The former demonstrate greater effectiveness, however, many gardeners are afraid to spray fruit trees with chemicals and therefore prefer folk remedies.
Folk remedies for spraying cherries in spring
There are several simple homemade preparations that really help protect trees from diseases and pests:
- Wormwood infusion - 400 g of dried herb is diluted in a bucket of water and the trees are treated with the resulting product.
- Onion infusion - stir 600 g of chopped onion in a bucket of water.
- Soap solution - in 10 liters of water you need to dissolve 100 g of laundry soap, rubbed with fine shavings.
- Soap solution with citrus peels - add a handful of dried orange or lemon peels to a regular soap solution.
Some home remedies work well
Folk remedies show quite high effectiveness if used for prevention and when the tree is slightly damaged by pests and diseases.
Preparations for treating cherries in spring against diseases and pests
If the tree is seriously infected, or there is no desire to prepare folk remedies yourself, you can use proven universal preparations.
For fungal diseases the following are most often used:
- copper or iron sulfate - the product is effective against scab, most fungi, mosses and lichens;
- urea — the drug is effective against most fungal diseases;
- copper oxychloride or Skor, Nitrafen and Cuprozan - remedies help against all fungal diseases of cherries;
- Bordeaux mixture — the drug helps not only against diseases, but also against pests.
In addition to fungicidal drugs, there is a list of popular insecticides against pests for cherries:
- Karbofos - the drug is effective against cherry flies, aphids, slimy cherry sawflies and other insects.
- Fufanon is a product used to protect against aphids, the common slimy sawfly, dangerous cherry flies, weevils and hawthorns.
- Inta-Vir - the drug helps against hawthorn, cherry flies, as well as aphids and moths.
- Iskra-M and Iskra-Bio are complex preparations that can be used to combat any garden pests.
The exceptions are Iskra-Bio and Iskra-M, recommended for use throughout the entire growing season.
Chemicals are more effective in treating cherry blossoms than home remedies
Rules for spring treatment of cherries from diseases and pests
To safely process cherries and to maintain their health, you need to know at what period of the growing season you should treat them with certain preparations. Untimely spraying can harm flowering and fruiting, so you need to approach the procedure carefully.
How to treat cherries before flowering
In mid-spring, shortly before the cherry blossoms, a comprehensive treatment against pests and diseases is carried out. To spray cherries before flowering, use:
- Bordeaux mixture, Nitrafen, vitriol (iron or copper), Topsin-M - drugs protect cherries from moniliosis;
- Horus, Topaz and Topsin-M for anthracnose - the tree is treated for the first time before flowering, then the treatment must be repeated three times during the season;
- Nitrafen - the tree is treated for scab for the first time at the very beginning of spring, shedding the soil, and the second time it is sprayed along the crown before flowering;
- Corsair or Karbofos - cherries are treated against cherry weevil shortly before flowering, and then spraying is repeated if necessary.
It is necessary to treat cherries in the spring on a pink bud, before the flowers open, so that the preparations do not harm the pollination process.
Is it possible to spray cherries during flowering?
Directly during the flowering period, processing cherries is considered undesirable.Most insecticidal and fungicidal agents pose a danger to insects that are beneficial and responsible for pollination in the garden; accordingly, the treatment may negatively affect the future harvest.
A flowering plant can be sprayed only with safe preparations and in exceptional situations
In exceptional cases, you can spray cherries during flowering against aphids, weevils, scab or coccomycosis, using relatively safe preparations. These include:
- Fitoverm, Iskra-Bio and Iskra-M, Akarin products are non-toxic substances of biological origin;
- homemade ash-soap solution;
- garlic or tobacco solution to help get rid of pests.
If spraying cherries during flowering can still be postponed to a later date, then it is better to wait with the treatment.
How to treat cherries after flowering
After flowering is completed, the fight against diseases and pests of cherry trees continues. It is recommended to spray cherries after flowering:
- from aphids — Decis and Bi-58 products help well, as well as Inta-Vir, Iskra and homemade infusions based on onions, garlic, tobacco and ash;
- from moniliosis - it is allowed to use copper oxychloride, Bordeaux mixture, Cuprozan and Zineb, Skor and Topsin-M;
- from klyasterosporiosis - cherries are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture after flowering, if necessary, repeat the procedure after 2 weeks;
- from anthracnose — treatment with Topaz, Chorus and Polyram has a good effect;
- from scab - It is best to use Nitrafen.
After flowering, the cherry tree needs to be treated against pests and diseases twice or three more times - this will consolidate the effect of previous sprayings and have a preventive effect.
After flowering, cherries are treated for diseases a couple more times
How to process cherries on a green cone
Green cone is the period in spring when the buds on fruit trees are just beginning to bloom and green leaves are slightly showing. During this period, spores of fungal diseases and larvae of pests come to life en masse, so it is necessary to treat cherries in early spring for high-quality protection.
During the green cone period, it is customary to spray cherries:
- Bordeaux mixture 3% for fungal diseases;
- Fufanon and Sumition for cherry moths;
- Lepidocir from most garden pests;
- solution of iron sulfate 5% against fungal diseases;
- Soon from coccomycosis;
- Nitrafen for scab;
- Decis or Spark from aphids;
- Aktara, Karbofos, Metathion and Metafos against shoot moths.
Early treatment of cherries in the garden allows you to eliminate pests and fungi or reduce their population. Thus, subsequent pest and disease control is greatly simplified.
How to treat cherries to prevent diseases
It is necessary to spray cherries in the spring even if pests and fungi are not visible on them. High-quality prevention reduces the risk of cherry diseases - preventing diseases is always easier than treating the affected tree.
For prevention it is customary to use:
- general fungicidal solutions - Bordeaux mixture and copper sulfate, Nitrafen and Skor;
- insecticidal preparations for the most common pests - Karbofos, Aktaru, Fufanon, Lepidocir;
- lime mortar - treating the tree trunk circle and the trunk itself will help prevent most fungal diseases;
- potassium sulfate - if in the spring you water the soil around the trunk with water and fertilizer, the tree’s immunity will become higher.
Disease prevention plays an important role in cherry care
Calendar for treating cherries from pests and diseases
The calendar will help you navigate the timing of treating cherry trees against diseases and insect pests:
Drugs | In what phase | From what |
3% copper sulfate |
in early spring before the buds swell
| from coccomycosis, moniliosis, scab |
Aktara | from aphid larvae, slimy sawfly, cherry fly | |
Karbofos, Metaphos and Metathion |
during the green cone period
| from shoot moths, aphids, cherry flies and sawflies |
Fufanon and Sumition | from cherry moth | |
3% Bordeaux mixture | from coccomycosis, scab, moniliosis | |
Horus and Topaz |
before flowering
| from anthracnose |
Topsin-M and Nitrafen | from moniliosis | |
Karbofos, Corsair | from cherry weevil and other pests | |
Fitoverm, Akarin and Iskra | during the flowering period | from any diseases and pests if absolutely necessary |
Decis and Inta-Vir |
after flowering | from aphids |
3% Bordeaux mixture | from klyasterosporiosis | |
Topaz, Polyram | from anthracnose | |
Cuprozan, Skor, copper oxychloride | from moniliosis |
How to treat cherries to avoid empty flowers
If the rules of agricultural technology are violated, the cherry often becomes a barren flower, that is, it produces abundant flowering in the spring, but at the same time almost does not form ovaries and does not bear fruit. This can happen when affected by pests and diseases, but there are other reasons.
To improve the formation of ovaries, it is necessary to monitor the composition of the soil
The quality of flowering and fruiting is influenced, among other things, by the composition of the soil. Cherries need neutral or slightly alkaline soil - if the soil is too acidic, the tree may become barren. You can find out about soil acidification by the following signs:
- slow growth of a young tree - less than 20 cm per year;
- a small number of branches on the branches;
- premature falling of flowers;
- microcracks in the bark.
In order to change the composition of the soil for the better, you can use lime or dolomite flour - the product must be added to the soil in the tree trunk circle.
Empty flowering can also occur due to a lack of boron in the soil. In this case, you need to treat the fruit tree with a solution of boric acid - 10 g of the drug is diluted in a bucket of water. Spraying is carried out before flowering and immediately after it, the formation of ovaries improves after this.
How to spray cherries in spring to improve harvest
Even with the presence of pollinating trees on the site, the yield of fruit crops is not always high. For example, a cold and cloudy spring may affect the volume of fruiting; bees and bumblebees are reluctant to fly in such weather, and pollination is incomplete.
To improve the quality of pollination and harvest, you can use a honey solution. About 150 g of natural honey is diluted in a bucket of water, and then flowering trees are sprayed with this mixture.Bees, attracted by the sweet smell, begin to pollinate the tree more actively, and accordingly, the harvest becomes higher.
To improve productivity, you can artificially attract bees to the garden
Rules for spring processing of cherries
When spraying cherries in the spring against pests and diseases, you must adhere to several rules:
- Treatment with garden chemicals is carried out only in compliance with safety rules. When spraying fruit crops, it is necessary to wear a respirator and mask, thick gloves and closed work clothes. Do not allow the solution to come into contact with the eyes or skin; children and pets must also be removed from the area first.
- It is necessary to spray trees in dry weather at positive temperatures. There will be no benefit from processing in the rain - preparations for protection against pests and diseases will be washed off the plant.
- When processing cherries during flowering, you need to carefully study the instructions for using the chosen product and make sure that it will not harm beneficial pollinating insects.
- It is necessary to treat fruit trees several times during the spring. Typically, the plant is sprayed against diseases and pests three times - before flowering, immediately after it and a couple of weeks later to achieve maximum effect.
Treatment for diseases is carried out in dry and warm weather
Conclusion
Treatment of cherries in the spring against diseases and pests is carried out in several stages.For treatment and as a preventative measure, the tree is sprayed with special products both before and after flowering - this allows you to achieve better results.
