Content
Roses from seeds can be grown quite easily at home. However, in the process it is necessary to follow basic rules and provide the plants with good care.
Is it possible to plant a rose from seeds?
Propagation of roses by seeds is not very popular, since the culture develops much faster when taken from cuttings. However, if you want to sow a flower for seedlings, it is quite possible.
To plant roses with seeds at home, you need:
- purchase high-quality seed from a trusted supplier;
- observe optimal planting dates;
- select nutrient soil and suitable containers for the crop;
- provide the plant with high-quality care in compliance with the temperature regime.
The time from sowing to flowering when growing roses from seeds directly depends on the conditions. The better the plant is cared for, the faster it will bear the first buds.
Pros and cons of seed propagation
Sowing roses with seeds for seedlings has its own advantages. The advantages of the method include:
- increased endurance and frost resistance of grown bushes;
- ability to quickly recover from damage;
- strong and powerful roots of roses from seeds;
- ability to produce healthy hardy cuttings.
However, the seed growing method has its drawbacks. Namely:
- low rates of seedling development compared to cuttings;
- the need to carefully prepare seeds for planting;
- frequent death of seedlings in the first stages of cultivation.
Hybrid varieties cannot be propagated by their own seeds; planting material must be purchased from the manufacturer each time.
Roses from seeds have good immunity to most fungi and pests
How long does a rose grow from seeds?
Roses from seeds germinate more slowly than from cuttings. But if you follow the rules of planting and care, the first buds can usually be obtained within 2-3 months after sowing.
When to plant roses with seeds for seedlings
It is recommended to plant roses with seeds at home in the spring. However, the exact timing depends on the specific region. In particular, in the central part of Russia the procedure should be carried out in early March. In this case, the culture will have time to get stronger before the onset of climatic summer.
In the Urals and Siberia, it is necessary to sow rose seeds for seedlings a little later - around mid-March. In the southern regions, the procedure is performed from mid-January due to the early onset of spring.
Propagation of roses by seeds at home
To properly grow a rose from seeds, you must follow a standard procedure. Fundamental attention should be paid to the selection of soil and the algorithm for direct planting.
Soil for sowing
To propagate a rose by seeds, you need to select light but nutritious soil for it. It can be prepared from garden soil, sand and peat mixed in a ratio of 2:2:1. You are also allowed to purchase a specialized substrate at a flower shop.
Before sowing seeds, the soil must be disinfected from possible microorganisms. To do this, it is calcined in the oven or treated with a dark pink solution of potassium permanganate. You can also use fungicides - for example, Fitosporin.
Capacity requirements
You can plant rose seeds in a long and wide wooden or plastic box. The height of the sides should be 20-25 cm - the roots of the plant are quite powerful, they need space to develop.
Before sowing seeds, the container must be disinfected. To disinfect the box, pour a solution of potassium permanganate or simply pour boiling water over it.
Rose seedlings can be sown in individual peat cups - this eliminates the need for subsequent picking
Stratification of rose seeds
Before planting rose seedlings with seeds at home, the plant material must be stratified, or hardened. The procedure is carried out as follows:
- Immediately after collection, the seeds are mixed with wet sand in a plastic container.
- Cover the container with plastic wrap, making holes in it for air access.
- Place the container in the refrigerator and leave it at a temperature of 3-5 °C until spring.
From time to time the container must be opened slightly for ventilation.As the sand dries, re-moisten it with a spray bottle.
Planting Rose Seeds
Direct planting of rose seedlings from seeds is carried out according to a simple scheme. It looks like this:
- The day before planting, the seeds are removed from the refrigerator and soaked in a growth stimulant solution.
- The selected container is filled with nutritious soil and properly moistened with lukewarm water.
- The seeds are laid out on the surface of the soil and pressed with your fingers to a depth of 1 cm.
- Sprinkle the material on top with wet sand.
- Cover the container with film or a piece of glass and put it in a moderately lit, warm place.
When planting, leave a free space of 5-10 cm between individual seeds. You cannot sow the rose too tightly, the seedlings will not be able to develop normally.
Caring for seedlings
Roses reproduce by seeds without any problems, but require careful care. When growing, you need to pay attention to several factors.
Temperature
At first, the container with the seeds is kept at a temperature of about 20 °C. Every day, remove the film from the box for ventilation and remove accumulated condensation. After the shoots appear, the shelter will need to be removed completely. The temperature in the room will need to be reduced to 15-18 °C.
Lighting and location
After sprouting, it is best to place the container with seedlings on an eastern or western windowsill. In this case, the rose will be able to receive a sufficient amount of soft diffused light. At midday, seedlings should be shaded from direct rays.
If the weather is cloudy at the beginning of spring, additional illumination is organized for the crop.A phytolamp is installed above the seedlings and turned on as needed. The length of the day for seedlings should be at least 12-14 hours a day.
Watering seedlings
Seed roses love water, but react negatively to waterlogging. Seedlings should be watered sparingly, avoiding waterlogging of the soil.
Usually, in room conditions, the culture is moistened twice a week. Water is added using a syringe or by spraying the soil. If the indoor air is very dry, it is also necessary to regularly irrigate the plants by leaves. It is recommended to do this in cloudy weather so that there are no burns left on the plates.
Feeding seedlings
Rose responds positively to fertilization. When growing seedlings, it is recommended to fertilize twice using specialized liquid preparations.
For the first time, fertilizer is applied after the first true leaves appear on the seedlings. The rose from seeds is fed again two weeks after picking. The selected fertilizer must contain potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen; attention cannot be paid to only one useful element.
Fertilizers for roses at the seedling stage are applied in minimal quantities so as not to disrupt the natural growth processes
Picking and pinching
When growing roses from seeds in a common container, after the formation of 3-5 leaves at the seedlings, it is necessary to pick. Small individual cups are prepared for seedlings and filled with nutrient substrate. Then the seedlings are watered abundantly and carefully removed from the previous container. The seedlings are transferred to new containers, trying not to destroy the earthen ball at the roots.
Soon after picking a rose, pinching is carried out if necessary.The procedure is aimed at removing damaged and deformed leaf plates. It is not customary to cut them with a knife - this injures the seedlings and slows down their development.
Diseases and pests
Photos of rose seedlings show that sometimes the crop can suffer from fungal diseases and insects. The main danger to seedlings is:
- black leg - the stem darkens at the base and becomes loose, the plant quickly lies down on the ground and dies;
Blackleg develops against the background of chronic waterlogging of seedlings
- viral wilt - seedlings develop too slowly, the leaves begin to deform, become thinner and dry out;
Viral wilt usually affects seedlings grown from infected seeds
- spider mite - the pest entangles the shoots of seedlings and leaves a grayish coating on the plates.
Spider mites harm seedlings in very dry indoor air
Most of the problems associated with growing roses from seeds can be avoided by following proper agricultural practices. It is necessary to control the intensity of watering and not overfeed the crop with mineral preparations. It is also recommended to avoid drafts and sudden temperature changes, which greatly harm the seedlings.
To prevent and treat fungal diseases, roses are sprayed with preparations containing copper. For pests, you can use insecticidal agents - for example, Iskra or Actellik.
Transplantation to a permanent place
You can plant rose seedlings in a permanent place in the garden after the soil has warmed up thoroughly and the night frosts have finally passed. On the site for the crop, a lighted place with loose, fertile soil is selected. If necessary, the soil is additionally fertilized with lowland peat and minerals.
In the selected area, prepare holes that are twice the size of the rose roots in volume. Before planting, the seedlings are watered abundantly - in this case it will be easier to remove them from the containers. The plants are carefully transferred to the holes, keeping the earth ball at the roots as much as possible, and the remaining voids are filled with substrate.
After planting, rose bushes need to be watered properly. To make moisture evaporate more slowly, you can immediately mulch the soil with wood chips, pine sawdust or dry mullein.
Further care
You need to care for a young rose from seeds after transplanting into open ground in the same way as for bushes obtained by cuttings. Several procedures require attention:
- Watering. Rose bushes in the garden usually need to be moistened no more than once a week. In hot, dry weather, the frequency of watering can be increased. During heavy rains, additional moisture should be completely abandoned.
- Feeding. In the first year after planting, the rose usually does not require fertilizer. In the second season, the bushes are fed with calcium nitrate during budding, and then watered with herbal infusion every two weeks until mid-summer. At the end of July, they stop fertilizing so that the rose can calmly prepare for winter.
- Loosening. From time to time, the soil at the roots of the plant must be raked to a shallow depth to improve oxygen access. At the same time as loosening, weeds are pulled out, which take away nutrients from the rose.
As for pruning, the rules for its implementation depend on the specific variety of plant.But in general, two types of haircuts are performed for culture - formative and sanitary. During the first, the bushes are given decorative shapes and shoots growing in the wrong direction are removed. Sanitary pruning is carried out in autumn or early spring, during which all dry, broken and diseased branches are eliminated.
In the first year after planting, it is better to tear off rose buds from seeds so that the plant can direct its energy to forming powerful roots.
Conclusion
Roses from seeds at home grow just as readily as from cuttings. However, seedlings have slightly more requirements for conditions, and the first full flowering occurs only a year after planting.
