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Many gardeners are involved in viticulture. Moreover, every year grapes occupy areas not only in the south, but also in risky farming zones. Some winegrowers grow it on a large scale to please Russians with its sweet, aromatic berry. Others plant grapes for their own needs. Today you can grow grapes even in the north, as our readers often write about in reviews.
There is nothing to be surprised about here, because breeders are developing more and more early-ripening grape varieties. One of these new products that delight gardeners with delicious berries is Super Extra grapes. This is what is most often grown by residents of the northern regions. This hybrid grape has a short summer due to its early ripening characteristics. The features of the variety, rules of care and cultivation will be discussed.
general information
The creation of Super Extra table grapes was carried out by gardener E. G. Pavlovsky, a lover of culture. He crossed Cardinal varieties and the Talisman, mixing their pollen. Many gardeners call Super Extra Citrine.
The uniqueness of the variety is that it can be grown in any climatic conditions, both in the south and in the north. In any region, clusters of early ripening grapes ripen.
Appearance of the variety
It is impossible to imagine the features of Super Extra grapes without a photo description of the variety and reviews about it.
It is with description and characteristics that we will begin the conversation:
- Bushes of early ripening grapes are vigorous. Young shoots are light green, older shoots are light brown. Growing grapes can be recognized by their rich green leaves. They have five blades, no strong dissection is observed.
- The clusters are large, the usual weight of berries in a cluster is 500-800 grams. But Extra also has record holders, growing up to one and a half kilograms. The photo below shows a medium-sized Super Extra grape cluster.
- According to the description of the variety, the berries of the Super Extra grapes are similar to Arcadia in color and size. They have an ovoid elongated shape. The length of the berry reaches 3.5 cm and the width is about 2.5. One white grape with a golden tint weighs 7-10 grams.
- The skin is somewhat hard, but when eaten it is not very noticeable. This characteristic (hardness) is very good for transportation.
- Super Extra grapes are distinguished by their fleshy pulp. The taste is simple, the berries are surprisingly sweet. It is by taste that the variety can be distinguished from Arcadia.
Characteristics
Judging by the characteristics and reviews given by gardeners, Extra grapes are distinguished by the following parameters:
- Technical ripeness occurs in 95-100 days, depending on the climatic conditions of the region and the summer itself. As a rule, the first harvest is harvested in late July or early August.
- The flowers are bisexual with an average degree of pollination, firmly attached to the stalks.High air humidity negatively affects the setting of Super Extra grapes.
- The variety is characterized by high and stable yields, but they need to be maintained by rationing the inflorescences. Fruiting occurs in the second year after planting Extra grapes.
- The grape bunch ripens evenly along its entire length.
- The variety is frost-resistant, can withstand temperatures up to 24 degrees. At lower rates it is necessary to cover.
- The berries contain up to 18 percent sugar, the acidity is not too pronounced, 5-8 g/dm3. Super Extra is practically immune to diseases such as mildew and oidium, but phylloxera must be treated.
- An excellent variety for transportation. Even when transported over long distances, the berries do not wrinkle and their presentation is not lost.
Speaking about the positive aspects regarding Extra grapes, there is no need to remain silent about some of the disadvantages. There are few of them, but still there are:
- The berries on the cluster differ in different sizes: the lower, the smaller. There is some minor peating. Although this doesn't make the taste any worse.
- Not everyone likes the hardness of the skin.
- Constant preventive control of diseases such as phylloxera is necessary. Grapes do not develop immunity to it.
What a handsome guy:
Growing and care
General principles
Judging by the characteristics, the Super Extra variety is unpretentious. Grapes can be grown not only in different climatic zones, but also on almost any soil. Sand and humus must be added to clayey, heavy soil.
You need to choose a place for planting seedlings that is sunny, especially if grapes are grown in Siberia, in order to ensure optimal conditions during the short summer.
It is advisable to plant on the south-eastern side of the house or fence. In this case, the plants will be protected from the winds. In addition, a house wall or fence that has warmed up during the day will give off heat to the Extra at night.
In regions with extreme climatic conditions, drought alternates with rain. These are excellent conditions for damage to the vineyard by fungi and pests. To protect grape plantings from fungal diseases, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatments with chemicals.
Features of watering
Judging by the description, Super Extra grapes need proper watering. You shouldn’t fill it with water until it becomes a swamp, but it’s also not recommended to overdry it. Any deviation from the norm leads to a sharp decrease in productivity and quality of berries. Abundant irrigation also leads to cracking of the berries, as they become overfilled with liquid.
What to feed
If you decide to seriously engage in the Super Extra variety, you need to study the features of feeding grapes. Fertilizers are applied without fail; without them, the bush weakens and ceases to produce a harvest worthy of the variety. The vineyard is fed both at the roots and at the leaves. Both types of work are carried out several times per season. It is advisable to combine foliar feeding with disease prevention. Thanks to foliar feeding, plants more effectively absorb the resulting microelements and nutrients.
Useful video for gardeners about the rules for foliar feeding of grapes and protection from pests and diseases:
Trimming
To form the correct grape bush, it is necessary to carry out timely pruning. The fact is that Extra is growing very much. A large number of shoots are formed on the shoots, which reduce the yield. In addition, at the moment of formation of the ovaries, overload may occur. Excess inflorescences also need to be plucked out.
During spring or autumn pruning, no more than 8 eyes are left on the shoots.
How to propagate Super Extra
Grapes of this variety are propagated in the usual ways: seedlings, cuttings and grafting. When planting new plants, you need to take into account the distance between bushes and row spacing. Since the bush grows strongly, it needs a large feeding area.
