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In the process of combining Karinka Russian with white grapes Frumoasa albe The result was an early ripening variety Galbena Nou. Due to the amber color of ripe berries, the crop acquired another name - New Yellow. Popularly, the grape variety is most often called Zolotinka. Photos and reviews from gardeners will help you learn more about the description of the Galbena Nou grape variety.
Main features of the variety
The early Galbena Nou grape is famous for its decorative properties. Due to the rapid growth of bindweed, bushes are planted near gazebos and other recreation areas. The vine quickly twines the trellises, forming a beautiful wall of rounded small leaves and beautiful golden tassels.
Due to its tolerance to low winter temperatures, Galbena Nou grapes are grown in the southern and northern regions. The harvest ripens en masse in about 120 days from the moment the buds awaken. The first berries can be tasted after 100 days. Early ripening allows in the northern regions to have time to harvest the entire harvest. The vigorous grape variety Galbena Nou requires a lot of free space. The bushes are planted at a distance of at least 2–3 m. The row spacing is up to 3 m. There are no special requirements for the soil composition of the Galbena Nou variety.
Zolotinka boasts good survival rate of cuttings. If you initially form the bush correctly, the first bunches can be obtained in the second or third year. Cuttings quickly take root by grafting due to good compatibility with other varieties. The Galbena Nou grape vine manages to fully ripen within a season. For one bush the maximum load is 45 eyes. During pruning, the vines leave shoots with 8 eyes, but this can be reduced to 4–5 pieces.
The Galbena variety produces bisexual flowers. Self-pollination occurs even in cold weather with weak bee flight. The grape vine survives at temperatures down to -24OC. Can withstand surges down to -26OC, but it is better not to allow it to reach a critical minimum. In cold regions, Galbena Nou grape vines are covered in autumn.
The variety is resistant to dangerous diseases: gray rot and mildew. However, grapes can infect oidium, which is Zolotinka's weak point.
Considering the Zolotinka grapes, description of the variety, photos, reviews, it is worth knowing the disadvantages. The culture is not suitable for mass cultivation and commercial purposes. The berries of the Galbena variety are rich in aroma, sweet and tender, but do not have a marketable appearance. The clusters are loose, and the rounded shape of the fruit is less attractive to the buyer than finger-shaped grapes.
Description of fruits
The pulp of the Galbena Nou grape variety is rich in juice, sugar, and nutmeg aroma. There is a slight taste of acid. The aroma is felt not only when eating berries. The pleasant smell of nutmeg stands on the plantation near the bushes with ripe grapes.
Zolotinka clusters grow small, weighing approximately 400–700 g. The berries are loosely pressed together. The shape of the brush is conical with branches. Most berries grow round in shape. Less common are fruits with a faint oval. The average berry size is 24x23 mm. Fruit weight is about 8 g.
The color of Galbena Nou berries is light green with a white tint. When ripe, the skin acquires a golden color. In the sun, barrels of berries turn creamy tan. The juicy pulp picks up sugar just before ripening. The absence of seeds, delicate skin, and a large amount of juice have made Galbena Nou grapes the best treat for children. However, due to excess moisture or overripeness, the berries crack.
Bunches picked at the stage of technical maturity can be stored in a cool place. Grapes are consumed fresh, juices, liqueurs, and wines are prepared. The absence of seeds allows you to get high-quality raisins from the berries.
The video talks about Galbena Nou grapes:
Planting seedlings
The early grape variety Zolotina is easily propagated by seedlings. For planting, choose a sunny area without drafts. If the bushes are planted around a gazebo, near a canopy or other structure for decorative purposes, the grapes are provided with good ventilation. A small supply of fresh air depresses grapes, increases the risk of diseases, and reduces yields. Near buildings, Zolotinka bushes are planted on the south side.
There are no special requirements for the soil, but the groundwater on the site must lie deeper than 2 m.In the south, the Galbena grape variety is planted with seedlings in the spring after constant warming or in the fall a month before the expected frost. For northern regions, spring planting is preferable. After a short summer, cold weather sets in sharply, and the Zolotinka seedling simply does not have time to take root.
For grapes, dig a hole 80 cm deep and of the same diameter. Half of the hole is filled with a mixture of fertile soil and humus or compost. If the soil is highly acidic, add a little chalk. At the bottom, be sure to make drainage from stones and sand. After planting, the Zolotinka grape seedling is watered abundantly and covered with a thick layer of peat or sawdust mulch. If there is a threat of cold weather at night, the grapes are covered with agrofibre before rooting.
Vineyard care
Continuing the review of the photo and description of the Zolotinka grape variety, we need to pay a little attention to caring for the crop. Moderate watering is required as the soil dries out. It should be taken into account that the berries of the Zolotinka variety are prone to cracking. You can’t over-water it, but drought won’t do any good either. The bushes must be watered:
- in early spring;
- before flowering;
- while pouring berries;
- after harvesting;
- late autumn.
When it comes to fertilizing, the Zolotinka variety prefers organic matter. In spring and autumn, mineral complexes are added. Fertilizing is usually carried out simultaneously with watering. After absorbing the water, instead of mulch, you can cover the ground with a thick layer of dry rotted manure. Organic matter will prevent the evaporation of moisture, plus at the same time it will feed.
Mandatory procedures require periodic weeding. Zolotinka grapes should not grow under the bushes weeds. Additionally, the soil is loosened after each watering.The resulting crust prevents the passage of oxygen to the roots.
Vine pruning
Painless pruning of the vine is done in the fall. An adult bush of the Zolotinka variety should consist of a maximum of 45 eyes. After the sap flow has stopped, the pagons are cut off, leaving 4–8 buds. The vine is tied with rope and prepared for wintering. A shield made of boards, straw or thick cardboard is laid out on the ground. The vine is laid on top, covered with dense material and covered with earth. In the spring, an overwintered bush is inspected. Broken and frozen shoots are cut off.
The Zolotinka variety even requires summer pruning. It consists of removing excess inflorescences. However, underload or overload of a grape bush will have to be determined only experimentally. If you leave a lot of inflorescences, the berries will be small. By autumn the vine will grow thin and will not have time to ripen. A small number of inflorescences is also not in favor of Zolotinka grapes. The bunches of berries will grow large, but the vine itself will fatten. By autumn, thick, too long lashes will appear. The number of inflorescences left depends on the size and age of the bush and is selected individually by the gardener.
Prevention and pest control
The Zolotinka variety needs protection from oidium. Subject to the conditions of agricultural technology, the disease is rare. It is difficult to cure affected Zolotinka grapes. It is better to follow preventive measures. The onset of the disease is recognized by the foliage. The plate becomes curly, gradually becoming covered with a white coating of mold. Over time, signs appear on flowers, young vines and berries. Affected inflorescences dry out and fall off. In dry weather, fruits crack, dry out, or begin to rot when exposed to high humidity.
It is possible to prevent the spread of the disease throughout the Zolotinka grape bush at the initial stage. On a cool, dry day, spray with colloidal sulfur. Fungicides show good results.
As for preventive measures, Zolotinka grapes require proper care. Firstly, the bushes are provided with good ventilation. Correct pruning of the vine, as well as removing excess inflorescences, allows you to avoid thickening. To allow the wind to flow freely under the bushes, do not allow them to become overgrown with grass. Timely fertilizing increases the immunity of grapes.
Wasps, moths and birds love to eat the juicy berries of the Zolotinka. The grapes are protected from feathered guests by pulling nets. It's more difficult with insects. Ripe berries should not be sprayed with chemicals. Bottle traps filled with sweet syrup can help. Sometimes gardeners practice immersing bunches in gauze bags. The method is effective when the material does not lean against the berries. If the gauze comes into contact with the skin of the fruit, the wasps will still gnaw through it and draw out the juice.
Reviews
Lovers leave a lot of reviews about the Galbena Nou grapes regarding the characteristics of the berries, and also share their experiences.
