Content
Fungicides are used to cure fungal diseases of grapes, as well as other garden and vegetable crops. The safety of the drugs allows them to be simply used for prevention. According to the mechanism of action, all fungicides for grapes are divided into three groups, which determines their purpose.
Division of drugs into groups according to the principle of action
Vineyards are susceptible to various diseases, but most often the crop is affected by fungi. First, the crop is destroyed. Secondly, if you do not take any action, the entire bush will disappear. Breeders are constantly breeding hybrids with increased immunity. However, the problem is only partially solved. During an epidemic, the fungus quickly spreads throughout the plantation, destroying even the most resistant grape varieties.
Preventive spraying with fungicides helps destroy fungal spores and prevent them from multiplying and progressing. However, the drugs are not universal. They are not able to cure all diseases. For example, fungicides for treating grapes Topaz or Tipt will help prevent the spread of scab, as well as powdery mildew. These drugs will not cope with anthracnose.Prevention must be carried out in several stages, using means of different actions.
Contact drugs
Fungal infection of a vineyard begins with the foliage. Gradually, the disease spreads to berries and young shoots. When treating orchards and vineyards, contact or local fungicides form a protective film on fruits, leaves and branches. Preventive spraying prevents infection of green mass. Treatment during an epidemic does not allow the fungus to multiply.
Fungal spores adhere to the film formed by the contact fungicide and are destroyed. A big plus is the lack of adaptation of pathogens to drugs. The protective film on the plant lasts an average of 12 days. The duration of action of the contact agent is affected by weather conditions. Heat and heavy rains accelerate the process of destruction of the protective film. Sometimes the gardener himself becomes the culprit, subjecting the treated grapes to sprinkler irrigation.
For complete protection against fungus during an epidemic, it is recommended to spray the plantings every 10 days. During the season, the vineyard is processed up to 8 times. If it rains after spraying, the procedure is repeated unscheduled.
An example of a contact fungicide is the drug Hom.Its action is similar to Bordeaux mixture. The product is not effective for treatment. It is used for prevention. Folpan is more suitable for treating infected grapes. The maximum number of fungicide treatments per season does not exceed 4 times.
Systemic drugs
According to the principle of operation, systemic fungicides for grapes differ from contact preparations. The active component is completely absorbed by the cells, after which, along with the juice, it spreads throughout the plant. The systemic fungicide does not form a protective film. The substance needs 6 hours for complete absorption. The drug acts from the inside of the plant, completely destroying the fungus.
From the moment of spraying, systemic fungicides for grapes are effective for three weeks. Moreover, the active substance spreads throughout the entire bush and root system, even if during treatment the solution only reached part of the vine. After six hours after treatment, rain, heat or high humidity are not a problem. The number of treatments is reduced to three times a year.
The disadvantage of systemic agents is the adaptation of the fungus to them. On one grape bush, a drug of one group is used no more than twice.
Each systemic agent is designed to combat a specific disease. Falcon copes well with oidium. If you need fungicides against mildew on grapes, then preference is given to Fundazol.
Complex action drugs
Complex fungicides for grapes contain active substances of systemic and contact preparations. The action is carried out selectively on a specific type of fungus.The locally systemic fungicide for grapes is characterized by increased toxicity, which requires careful handling.
Among the popular complex drugs are:
- Mikal is a preventive and therapeutic agent against fungal diseases. Treatment should be carried out no later than three days after detection of affected areas of grapes.
- Shavit destroys all types of rot and pathogens of infectious diseases. The product is highly toxic. Apply maximum twice per season. Spray the plantings while wearing protective clothing, gloves, goggles and a respirator.
- Flint copes well with mildew, oidium, and rot. The product is not very toxic and can be used up to three times per season. The duration of action after spraying is about two weeks.
- Cabrio Top is able to heal a vineyard during a massive outbreak of mildew and oidium epidemics. The product works well against anthracnose and destroys pests. The active substance accumulates in grapes and acts for a month. Any weather conditions are not able to neutralize the drug.
Most complex products additionally help fight leaf spot and infectious drying.
Review of popular drugs
It is impossible to choose the most effective fungicide for grapes, since the active substance of each product is aimed at combating a specific disease. Beginning winegrowers prefer complex preparations due to the difficulty of independently identifying the disease.Experienced gardeners who know how to correctly diagnose can accurately select a systemic or contact fungicide.
Top 1. Consento, KS
- antisporular qualities;
- resistance to precipitation and water;
- toxicological safety;
- affordable price.
Strobe
When considering the best fungicides for grapes, you should pay attention to Strobe. The systemic action product completely destroys the mycelium, prevents spores from multiplying, and effectively cures bushes of mildew and oidium. Additionally, Strobi fights the formation of rot.
The fungicide is used even with significant damage to the vine, leaves and bunches of grapes. The maximum number of treatments is 2 times per season. A packet of powder weighing 2 g is diluted with 7 liters of water, poured into a sprayer bottle and the bushes are treated. The active substance is not toxic to bees, animals and humans.
Falcon
Falcon contains three components. The product is considered complex and effectively fights oidium, mildew, and also prevents the appearance of spotting. Falcon can be used at any time, even when the grapes are blooming. The drug is popular among private gardeners and large farms.
For prophylaxis, the working solution is prepared from 5 ml of Falcon and 10 liters of water. Treatment requires an increased concentration of the active substance. The working solution is made from 10 liters of water and 10 ml of Falcon.
Topaz
The popular systemic drug is used not only for processing grapes. Topaz effectively protects garden trees and shrubs from fungus. A combination of the drug with contact fungicides is allowed, thereby increasing the protection of green mass and fruits.
Topaz is recommended for use at the initial stage of fungal disease of grapes. The active substance copes well with mildew, as well as oidium. To prepare the working solution, use 2 ml of Topaz per 10 liters of water. The number of sprays depends on the type of disease. The duration of action of the active substance is from 2 to 3 weeks. However, during an epidemic of oidium disease, if the bushes are severely affected, the next spraying is repeated after 7 days.
Score
A systemic anti-fungal remedy protects grapes for 7–21 days. It is allowed to spray up to four times per season. The best effect is observed when used together with contact fungicides. The drug does not cause toxic poisoning to plants, bees and humans.
The working solution is made from 2 ml of Skor per 10 liters of water. The product is often used for prevention.Skor will help against rot and scab, but only at the initial stage.
The video provides an overview of popular fungicides used by winegrowers:
Conclusion
Any fungicide is a chemical agent. Its safety is determined by correct use according to the manufacturer's instructions.
