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Being a native southern plant, pepper has already been changed by selection to such an extent that it can grow and bear fruit in the rather harsh conditions of northern Russia. The sharply continental climate of Siberia, with its hot, short summers and cold, long winters, places specific demands on southern cultures.
Gardeners in the Trans-Ural regions are forced to choose early-ripening varieties. Moreover, depending on the station that breeds new varieties, the indication of early ripening of the variety will vary. The indication “Ultra early maturing varieties” of southern stations may be similar to the indication “early maturing varieties” of more northern stations.
Unfortunately, the vast majority of seed sellers are still resellers. Less than ten percent of them are manufacturers. But manufacturers have another problem. When breeding excellent varieties with early fruiting, intended for northern regions, they most often do not indicate the number of days until harvest. The terms “early ripening”, “mid ripening”, “late ripening” are very vague and arbitrary. Often the word “ultra-early” in the description of a variety on seed packaging is simply a marketing ploy.
Varieties that bear fruit 90–110 days after the appearance of full-fledged shoots can be called both early ripening and ultra-early by the manufacturer.
A clear example of such a marketing ploy is the variety of sweet pepper from the company SeDeK. Most likely, they did not mean anything bad, it’s just that in the conditions of the Moscow region, where the fields of this company are located, a variety with a period of 100 days before fruiting is indeed very early. Typically this company lists early ripening varieties with a maturity of 105 to 120 days. But in the conditions of Siberia, such a variety can no longer be called ultra-early ripening. Maximum early ripening.
Pepper Greenhouse Ultra early ripening
Variety from SeDek with a period of 100 – 110 days. In the description, however, it is indicated as early ripening.
This sweet pepper variety with large fruits weighing up to 120 grams. The walls of the fruit are fleshy. Pepper has high taste qualities. You can pick them starting with green fruits, although fully ripe peppers are red. Recommended for cooking and fresh consumption.
Bush up to 70 centimeters high.
With all the advantages of the variety, it cannot be called ultra-early, although it is quite suitable for cultivation in the northern regions of Russia.
Second example: the “Health” variety from the company “Zolotaya Sotka Altai”, located in Barnaul. The company is northern and its “ultra-early” characteristic differs from the characteristics of a company located near Moscow.
Health
A striking example of an ultra-early sweet pepper with a growing season of 78 - 87 days. The bush is tall. The fruits are large, up to 80 grams. Cone-shaped. When ripe, the color of the fruit is dark red. It is good because it has good fruit set at low temperatures.
These two examples clearly show the difference in crop ripening of as much as twenty days. For cold regions where summer is very short, this is a very long time.
The same company no longer offers an ultra-early ripening variety of sweet pepper, but an early ripening one.
Mustang
The period before fruiting is 105 days. Quite good timing for the northern region, but you can’t call it ultra-early. Peppers of this variety are fleshy and large, up to 250 grams. Fully ripe fruits are bright red, but green ones can also be eaten.
The bush is of medium height and is resistant to low temperatures.
Sweet peppers of ultra-early varieties
The Aelita company can offer three ultra-early ripening varieties of pepper. All peppers are sweet.
Blond
Requires 95 days to harvest. The fruits are cube-shaped, golden yellow. The average weight of pepper is 250 grams. The bushes are quite large. The manufacturer recommends maintaining a distance of 50 centimeters between plants and 35 centimeters between rows.
Brother Fox
The variety needs 85 - 90 days before fruiting. The orange fruits are relatively small, weighing about 100 grams. Standard bushes, medium size, up to 70 centimeters. Very good in fresh salad. Although the purpose of the variety is universal.
Pinocchio F1
An ultra-early hybrid that bears fruit on the 90th day after germination. The bushes are tall, standard, and do not require formation. The fruit is cone-shaped, elongated. The length of the pepper is up to 17 centimeters, the diameter is up to 7. Weight is up to 100 ten grams with a wall thickness of 5 millimeters. It has a very good yield, yielding up to 14 kilograms per m² with a planting density of 5 – 8 plants per unit area.
Nemesis F1
The ultra-early ripening variety Nemesis F1 is offered by the Dutch company Enza Zaden. This pepper will have to wait 90-95 days for harvest. Fruits weighing up to 100 grams.Unripe peppers are almost white in color, while ripe ones are red. The difference between this variety is its well-developed root system.
The company suggests that when purchasing seeds from its production, pay attention to the packaging in order to avoid counterfeits. There are no inscriptions in Russian on the original packaging. All text is written in Latin in English. The packaging must indicate the packing date and batch number. The original seeds are orange.
To be fair, it should be noted that in Russia, which has a more severe climate, the ripening time of this hybrid is somewhat longer than indicated by Dutch breeders. The fruits set at the stated time, but take longer to turn red. Moreover, in the case of a hot season, the ripening time is reduced. It follows that the ripening time of the variety directly depends on the environment.
Of the others that do not meet the stated characteristics, we can note a smaller number of ovaries in the bunch, which is also associated with the cold climate. But the size of the fruit does not depend on the average annual temperature.
The multi-machine concern Bayer, which includes the Nunems agrotechnical division, offers three ultra-early varieties of peppers.
Claudio F1
As the name suggests, this is a first generation hybrid. It is characterized by high productivity. The fruits are large, reaching 250 grams of weight. The wall thickness is more than a centimeter. The color of the ripe fruit is dark red. Unripe peppers are dark green.
The harvest can be harvested on the 72nd day. Under unfavorable conditions in the 80s. The bush is very powerful, densely leafy, upright. Peppers can be grown both in greenhouses and in open beds.
It is resistant to stress, sunburn and viral diseases.
Gemini F1
Also an early variety.It bears fruit 75 days after planting the seedlings. It bears very large fruits weighing up to 400 grams. One bush produces 7 to 10 cube-shaped peppers. Dimensions 18 centimeters by 9. Wall thickness 8 millimeters. Ripe fruits are bright yellow. Versatile. Used fresh in salads, as well as in canning and cooking.
Same as variety Claudio resistant to stress, sunburn and disease. Peppers are grown in shelters and in the open air.
The variety that stands out in the Nunems assortment is
Samander F1
You only have to wait 55-65 days before harvesting this pepper. Ripe fruits are red, conical in shape. Compared to the previous two, the fruits are small, “only” up to 180 grams.
Peppers of this variety have good keeping quality. They are easy to transport. Due to these properties, the hybrid is often grown on farms for commercial purposes.
Another ultra-early variety is offered by the Swiss company Syngenta.
Love F1
This variety requires 70 days. Unlike those described above, this hybrid is grown only in open ground, so you should be careful when trying to grow this variety in the north of Russia. Fruit weight 120 grams. When ripe, peppers have a rich red color.
Additionally, a few more domestic varieties are worth mentioning.
Dobrynya
Refers to ultra-early varieties with a period of 90 days. The bushes are standard, tall. The foliage is average. The fruits weigh up to 90 grams, are red when ripe and light green when unripe. The wall thickness is average, 5 millimeters.
Oriole
The fruits are light yellow. The first harvest, depending on conditions, can be harvested starting from the 78th day. The variety has a very wide geography. It can be grown throughout northern Russia.The variety “captures” the entire Trans-Urals plus regions from Arkhangelsk to Pskov.
Fakir
In Siberian conditions it bears fruit already on the 86th day. Unripe fruits are light green with yellowness, which distinguishes it from other varieties. Able to ripen completely to red color in open ground. The fruits are small, only up to 63 grams. But there are a lot of them. You can get 3 kilograms of peppers per square meter.
Cardinal F1
The period before fruiting is 85 days. Tall bushes, up to 1 meter. Fruits weighing up to 280 grams have a thick wall (1 centimeter). The cube-shaped fruits are purple in color when ripe. In this regard, the logic of the creator of the variety is unclear. The cardinal's robe is red. The bishop's purple one.
Fidelio F1
Ultra early. Requires an average of 85 days before fruiting. The bushes are tall, up to 1 meter. Cuboid peppers are silvery-white in color. The weight of thick-walled (8 mm) fruits is up to 180 grams.
Philippok F1
80 days pass before harvest. The bushes are low and there is little foliage. The fruits are small, only up to 60 grams, but have a good taste. The wall thickness is not inferior to some large-fruited varieties and is 5 millimeters.
Hot ultra-early ripening varieties of peppers
Small miracle
It is also distinguished by its early ripeness. The period before harvest is about 90 days. Can grow in open beds, in a greenhouse, or indoors.
Bush 50 centimeters high, with a lot of branches. The fruits are only 2–3 centimeters long and weigh up to 5 grams. The fruits ripen unevenly. During the ripening process, they change color 5 times: from green to red.
Aladdin
This pepper takes an average of 100 days to ripen. It cannot be called ultra-early, but it is early enough to interest residents of the northern regions.The bush is semi-spreading, up to 60 centimeters high.
Orange miracle
An ultra-early variety with a period before fruiting of 90 days. The height of the bush is only 30 centimeters, the weight of the fruit is 5 grams.
Conclusion
When growing peppers, especially early ripening, it should be remembered that plant growth slows down at low temperatures. At temperatures below +5°, pepper stops growing completely. In the range from 5 to 12 degrees, severe developmental delay occurs, which can slow down the ripening of the crop by 20 days. After flowering, peppers do not react as strongly to low temperatures.
At temperatures above 30°, the pepper bush actively grows, but most of the flowers fall off. Small and deformed fruits develop from the preserved ovaries. Daily temperature changes also have an adverse effect on the development of pepper.
