Content
Growing tomatoes involves not only proper care and pleasure from the resulting harvest. Summer residents have to study diseases, which are inherent in tomatoes and ways to eliminate them. Cladosporiosis is a rapidly spreading disease, especially during periods of high air humidity. The second name of the disease, which is more familiar to summer residents, is brown spot. It affects tomato ridges in greenhouses and in the open air. Therefore, the fight against fungal disease causes trouble for all gardeners.
It is very easy to notice signs of cladosporiosis. Light spots appear on the inside of the leaf, which gradually turn brown and the foliage begins to dry out.
It may not be possible to get fruit on such bushes; they simply do not ripen. A spot is found at the place where the stalk is attached. Compared to late blight, this fungal disease is less dangerous for tomatoes, but leads to the loss of leaves on the bushes. Photosynthesis in plants is disrupted and productivity sharply decreases. However, fruit rotting, as with late blight, is not observed. You can eat tomatoes, but they are much smaller than their healthy counterparts.After all, nutrition for the fruit is provided by the leaf mass, which suffers from cladosporiosis.
What will help preserve tomato plantings from cladosporiosis
Cladosporiosis rarely occurs in regions with dry and warm climates. Therefore, to reduce the risk of plant disease, it is necessary:
- Reduce air humidity (especially in greenhouses) and provide tomatoes with sufficient temperature for development. To do this, carry out regular ventilation. In open ground, they try not to disturb the tomato planting pattern so that thickening does not lead to excessive moisture. If the humidity is below 70%, then you don’t have to worry about the appearance of a dangerous disease.
- Reduce watering during periods of mild drought. It is better to remove tomatoes that are severely affected by cladosporiosis. For the rest, tear off the leaves affected by brown spot and treat.
- Thin out plantings. If the rows of tomatoes are not thickened, cut off the lower leaves to a height of 30 cm from the soil. This is also necessary when there is an excess of organic matter in the soil. Then the leaf mass is very powerful, which is the reason for poor ventilation of tomato ridges and the rapid spread of cladosporiosis.
- Choose tomato varieties that are resistant to cladosporiosis. This is the most important factor for summer residents. Modern breeders develop tomato varieties with certain properties. Disease resistance is the most sought after parameter. Instead of “resistant”, the packaging may indicate “tomato is tolerant” to COP.
- Grow tomato seedlings yourself. Viruses and fungi can already be present on young tomato seedlings. Therefore, by growing your own chosen variety and observing all care requirements, you will provide yourself with protection from cladosporiosis.
Tomato varieties tolerant to cladosporiosis
Hybrid tomatoes are in great demand among summer residents. Hobbyists do not always collect their own seeds, so they are satisfied with the set of characteristics of hybrid varieties.
Several varieties for greenhouse cultivation. Well suited for regions with cool climates that require sheltering tomato beds.
Charisma F1
A hybrid that is resistant not only to viral diseases, but also to low temperatures. The fruits grow to a weight of 150 grams each. Planted according to the 50x40 pattern with a density per 1 square meter. m no more than 8 plants. Mid-season, resistant to cladosporiosis and tobacco mosaic, which makes it popular among lovers of greenhouse tomatoes. Suitable for any type of use - fresh, pickling, canning. The bush grows in height from 80 cm to 1.2 meters, depending on growing conditions. The yield from one bush reaches up to 7 kg.
Bohemia F1
A low-growing representative of hybrids that can successfully grow in open ground. The height of the plant is no more than 80 cm. The fruits are medium - about 145 g, red in color. Resistance to diseases is high. The planting density is maintained at 50x40, the density of bushes per 1 sq. meter - 8 plants. The yield is lower than the previous variety, only 4 kg per bush. It is not fussy to care for; it requires loosening, weeding, and fertilizing with mineral compounds.
Opera F1
A taller tomato for greenhouses is 1.5 m in height. Resistant to cladosporiosis and other diseases. The fruits are smaller, with an average weight of 100 grams. Early ripening, yield – 5 kg per bush. Fruits of excellent taste, suitable for pickling, canning and fresh dishes.They have a red tint and a round shape; there is no spot on the stalk.
Vologda F1
Carpal greenhouse tomato resistant to brown spot. The fruits are smooth and round, weighing 100 g. In addition to the mentioned disease, it resists fusarium and tobacco mosaic well. Average fruit ripening period. The yield can be up to 5 kg per plant. Looks beautiful when canned whole fruit. The fruits are smooth and not prone to cracking. High product characteristics. The planting scheme is classic for greenhouses - 50x40, but the number of plants per 1 square meter is placed. m total 4 pcs.
Ural F1
Cold-resistant and resistant to common tomato diseases. A large-fruited hybrid, the weight of one tomato can be 350 g, which is very beneficial for greenhouse tomatoes. Although the area of use is limited, it is best used in salads for fresh consumption. With a 50x40 planting scheme, only 4 plants are planted per square meter. The height of the bush in the greenhouse is more than one and a half meters.
Spartak F1
Mid-season and tall hybrid, with excellent taste characteristics. Suitable for fresh use and preparations. Very high commercial characteristics - the fruits are uniform and round. It is possible to grow in open ground with the formation of a bush. It responds well to nutrition with mineral fertilizers, regular weeding and loosening.
Olya F1
An early ripening hybrid that can withstand low temperatures. Bushes form. At the same time, it forms three inflorescences-tassels at the place of initiation. Each cluster has up to 9 fruits. The fruits ripen very quickly, the total yield is up to 26 kg per 1 sq. m. advantages of a hybrid:
- does not react to heat and low temperatures;
- develops well in low light;
- resistant to cladosporiosis, TM virus, nematode.
Intended for use in salads.
Let's move on to tomato varieties that are resistant to cladosporiosis and grown in open ground.
Red Arrow F1
It is reputed to be a very reliable hybrid among gardeners. It copes well not only with cladosporiosis, but also with late blight. Early ripening and productive, with excellent taste and aroma - the dream of every summer resident. The bushes are low-growing and weakly leafy, so there is no need for pinching. The fruits are fleshy, even in shape with a rich red tint. The brushes are placed every 1 leaf; in total, up to 12 brushes are formed on the bush. In addition to resistance to dangerous diseases (cladosporiosis and late blight), it is not susceptible to nematodes and pathogenic bacteria. It stands out for its excellent transportability.
Our Masha F1
According to reviews from summer residents, it is the best variety of all mid-early and resistant to cladosporiosis. The first inflorescence forms above the 10th leaf. Productivity is recorded up to 10 kg per 1 sq. m of area (4 plants) with a planting pattern of 50x40. Also suitable for greenhouse cultivation. The fruits are cube-shaped, very fleshy, weighing 185 grams. The advantages of the variety include:
- resistance to cladosporiosis and extreme weather growing conditions;
- product characteristics;
- stable yield;
- large-fruited.
Titanic F1
A beautifully shaped tomato that is resistant to cladosporiosis. Large fruit size is another undeniable plus for lovers of large tomatoes. Medium early, with a tall bush, requiring formation into one stem and timely removal of stepsons. The foliage is good, the skin of the fruit is thin, so tomatoes need to be transported in containers one row at a time. Suitable for shelters and outdoor growing. In greenhouses, the tomato yield is 18 kg per 1 sq.m, and in open ground up to 35 kg per 1 sq. m.
Fast and Furious F1
Early ripening with excellent taste. Resistant to
diseases (cladosporiosis, verticillium wilt, fusarium, blossom end rot and powdery mildew). Great for preparing dishes and preparations. The weight of one fruit is 150 g, the shape slightly resembles a plum. It is highly valued by gardeners for its heat resistance and transportability. There are few stepsons, the brush is simple and compact.
Khrustik F1
An excellent late-ripening hybrid with a long shelf life.
In addition to the original color, it has a melon-like aroma. The fruits really have a crispy texture, which attracts many lovers of unusual tomatoes. The features of the hybrid are:
- shade tolerance;
- unusual color;
- density and uniform color of the fruit.
Tomato bushes are tall, foliage is average. The fruits are removed when the olive color begins to acquire a slightly yellow tint. Store the harvest in the dark and at a temperature not exceeding 17°C. Such conditions will ensure the safety of tomatoes until the end of February.
Conclusion
Among the popular varieties of tomatoes resistant to cladosporiosis are “Winter Cherry F1”, “Evpator” and “Funtik”. “Swallow F1”, “Heavenly Delight”, “Giant”, “Business Lady F1” received good reviews from summer residents. All of them demonstrate good resistance to cladosporiosis and yield. Therefore, gardeners have a decent selection of varieties that can resist disease to grow on their site.
