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When the seeds of heat-loving tomatoes were brought to Russia, no one could have imagined that in the near future tomatoes would be grown in the beds of Siberia. But breeders do not work in vain - Today there are hundreds of tomato varieties that can withstand the harsh climate of the north and produce an excellent harvest..
Still, tomatoes in Siberia are most often planted in greenhouses and greenhouses. This approach guarantees higher yields, reduces the risk of losses during sudden frosts and heavy rains, and makes it easier to care for plants.
Every breeder knows that in certain conditions it is necessary to grow a special variety of tomatoes. Therefore, for planting in northern greenhouses, you should choose tomato varieties of Siberian selection.
Features of northern tomatoes
tomatoes of Siberian selection for greenhouses have a number of features that allow plants to develop normally in difficult climatic conditions.
Among the mandatory qualities that a tomato variety for the north must have are the following:
- Early ripening. In short summer conditions, the tomato must have time to ripen before the onset of cloudy and rainy autumn. The best varieties of tomatoes ripen within a maximum of three months from the date the seeds are sown in the soil.
- Growing by seedlings. In Russia, due to the climatic characteristics of the region, all tomatoes are grown as seedlings. And in Siberia, especially, you can only plant seedlings that have become stronger and grown in a warm room in a greenhouse.
- Minimum photophilia. There is very little sun in Siberia, even in summer, cloudy and rainy weather prevails here. In addition, daylight hours in the north are very short, so plants receive a minimal dose of ultraviolet radiation.
- Cold resistance and the ability to grow in high humidity conditions.
- Resistance to viral pathogensin and fungal diseases.
- High yield.
- Good taste.
- Suitability of tomatoes for fresh consumption, canning and processing into juices and purees.
How to grow Siberian tomatoes
There are no special rules for caring for tomatoes of Siberian selection. Against, these varieties are considered the most unpretentious and resistant to external factors. Therefore, all the Siberian tomato needs is:
- timely watering;
- three times fertilizing with mineral fertilizers;
- tying tall tomatoes and pinching side shoots to form a bush and increase productivity;
- identification and control of pests and various diseases;
- control of soil condition, humidity level in the greenhouse, pollination of flowers.
The worst enemy of tomatoes is fungus; in order to prevent its development, it is very important to prevent waterlogging of the soil and air in the greenhouse.
Names, photos and descriptions of the best varieties of tomatoes of Siberian selection
When choosing a tomato variety, any gardener gives preference to fruitful, tasty and large-fruited tomatoes. As a rule, all tomatoes intended for northern regions have large fruits and tasty pulp.
Among these tomatoes there are both varietal and hybrid varieties. The former can withstand harsh climates, produce very tasty and aromatic fruits, and delight with stable harvests. One of the bonuses of growing varietal tomatoes is the ability to save on seed material – if the owner of the plot likes the ripe tomatoes, he can collect seeds from them and plant them for the next season.
Hybrids are more productive, hardened from frost and disease, but have less pronounced taste. Typically, hybrid tomatoes are grown en masse for sale. But there are several very successful Siberian tomato hybrids, distinguished by their interesting taste and non-standard appearance.
"Pride of Siberia"
Probably the most famous of the tomatoes intended for the north. Tall bushes (about 150 cm) are suitable for planting in large greenhouses. Plants must be tied up, regularly pinched and ovaries formed. This tomato is not suitable for weekend gardeners.Although it does not need complex care, the tomato needs timely watering and a constant level of humidity in the greenhouse.
But “Pride of Siberia” withstands low temperatures, which allows you to remove the film cover when the bushes get stronger and ovaries appear on them.
A ripe tomato has a round shape and a rich scarlet hue. If these tomatoes are not watered on time, the fruits may crack and spoil. Tomatoes are great for fresh consumption and for making sauces, juices, and purees. In general, tomatoes are not canned, since the size of the fruit is quite large.
"Budenovka"
An early-ripening tomato, fully ripening in 100 days, is excellent for growing in greenhouses. The bushes of this variety are powerful and compact, their height does not exceed 75 cm.
The fruits are medium in size, so they are suitable for canning and processing. To get larger tomatoes, it is recommended to leave no more than four flowers in each ovary.
The shape of the tomato resembles a heart. The tomato is distinguished by its delicate pulp with a sweetish taste and pleasant aroma.
"A great warrior"
The variety is perfectly adapted to greenhouse conditions. The bushes grow up to one and a half meters, so they definitely need to be tied up and pinched. Tomato refers to ultra-early, its growing season is less than three months, which, even in the short northern summer, allows one to obtain fairly high yields.
When grown correctly, a ripe tomato is deep pink in color, spherical in shape and large in size. By observing all growing conditions, you can count on high yields of the “Great Warrior” tomato.
The sweet, rich taste of the tomato has made it one of the most beloved and frequently grown varieties in Siberian greenhouses.
"Sensei"
Tomato bushes of this variety grow short and very strong. The crop does not require complex care, but provides consistently high yields.
When ripe, the fruits are colored a rich, bright crimson color. Their shape can be different - from round to slightly elongated. The peel and pulp of this tomato are very delicate, so it is best to use the fruits of the “Sensei” variety for preparing fresh salads.
"Alsu"
The variety can be grown in small or temporary greenhouses. Real giants grow on fairly compact bushes - the weight of the fruit can reach one kilogram. Typically, tomatoes of this variety weigh about 600 grams.
The shape of the tomato resembles a heart; in general, the appearance of the fruit is very similar to the common variety “Bull's Heart”. The taste is also very good: pleasant taste, rich aroma, juicy pulp and thin peel.
With proper care, you can get an excellent harvest of top quality tomatoes from the bushes. The variety is most suitable for cultivation in the West Siberian region.
"King of Siberia"
The weight of one tomato of this variety can even exceed 1000 grams. Such sizes do not in any way affect the taste of tomatoes - their taste is rich and very sweet, and the skin is thin and tender.
True, the “King of Siberia” requires the close attention of the owner of the greenhouse - the temperature and humidity level are very important for the tomato. If you do not follow these rules, or rarely water the tomatoes, the fruits may crack.
"Malachite Box"
This is the variety that can be called exotic.Tomatoes have a very unusual appearance and absolutely “not a tomato taste.” At the same time, the variety is excellent for growing in harsh Siberia.
Ripe tomatoes are greenish-yellow in color and taste reminiscent of aromatic melon. The fruits grow quite large, their taste is very sweet, and the pulp is tender and sugary.
Of course, not everyone loves exotic things, but a couple of bushes of such an unusual tomato will be the highlight of any Siberian greenhouse.
"Siberian surprise"
An early ripening variety intended for cultivation in a greenhouse. The height of the bushes exceeds 150 cm, so the stems must be tied to a trellis. It is most effective to form a bush with three stems - this way the harvest will be as high as possible.
The fruits are medium in size and round in shape, colored red. About 10 tomatoes are simultaneously formed in each ovary, and tomatoes grow in clusters.
"Self-praise"
Yellow-fruited tomatoes of Siberian selection, which must be grown in greenhouse conditions. The weight of these tomatoes is approximately 300 grams, and their taste is quite standard, “tomato.” The only exotic thing about this variety is its appearance with bright yellow fruits.
The bushes are tall and will have to be tied up. If necessary, you can easily increase the size of the fruit up to 800 grams; for this you need to feed the bushes more carefully and water them more often.
The variety provides consistently high yields and strong protection against most diseases.
Are greenhouse Siberian varieties suitable for the hot south?
It would seem that if tomatoes can grow in the north, then the hot climate will only improve their yield and quality. However, it is not. Varieties for Siberia specially selected for these conditions, tomatoes were artificially instilled with resistance to cold, high humidity, and insufficient light.
Although they tolerate frost and lack of light well, tomatoes may not tolerate heat and scorching sun rays.
If a gardener is interested in a stable harvest, and not dubious experiments, he should choose a tomato variety suitable for his strip. As they say, to each his own!
