Content
Due to the continental climate, potato planting in Siberia in 2024 is being carried out quite late. When choosing the best days for work, they are guided by the lunar calendar - the phase of the earth’s satellite affects the growth and development of the crop, its yield, keeping quality and other factors.
When are potatoes planted in Siberia?
In Western Siberia, potatoes can be planted from the beginning of May. In the eastern part of the region it is colder, so the time for such work comes later - not earlier than the middle of the last spring month. Be sure to take into account the weather conditions of the current year. The soil should warm up to 7-9 °C at a depth of 15 cm.
When to plant potatoes in Siberia in 2024 according to the lunar calendar
Usually such work is carried out in May. But sometimes the weather in Siberia allows you to plant potatoes only at the beginning of summer. Do this until June 10-15. The lunar calendar is used to plan not only plantings, but also preparation for them, agrotechnical activities, and work in the garden.
Planting potatoes in Siberia is carried out not only in open, but also in protected ground.Growing in greenhouses allows you to get the earliest possible harvest. If the structure is not heated, then in Siberia planting is carried out in the 1st-2nd decade of April.
Growing potatoes in Siberia in open ground
The success of growing potatoes in Siberia depends on the proper organization of the process. It is important to properly prepare the soil and seed and follow the optimal planting pattern.
Soil preparation
To plant potatoes in Siberia, loose and light soil is required. The site should be selected and prepared in the fall. When digging, organic matter is added - 5 kg of fertilizer is enough for 1 m². Can be used:
- half-rotted manure;
- chicken manure (can be dry).
Organic matter is also added in the spring. In this case, compost, humus or peat are used.
In the spring, mineral fertilizers are applied during digging. The recommended quantity per hundred square meters is:
- 1 kg of ammonium nitrate or urea;
- 1 kg double superphosphate;
- 2 kg of potassium sulfate;
- 5 kg of ash.
Double superphosphate and potassium sulfate can also be applied in the fall. Instead of single-component fertilizers, complex fertilizers are used - 5 kg of nitrophosphate or 3 kg of nitroammophosphate per hundred square meters.
If the soil is sandy and light, additionally add magnesium sulfate or dolomite flour - 80 or 20 g per 1 m², respectively.
Good predecessors for potatoes are cabbage, cucumbers, beets, carrots
Preparing tubers for planting
You need to prepare seed for planting potatoes in Siberia in advance. If work is planned for the May holidays, then action must be taken at the beginning of April.Preparation of planting material consists of the following points:
- Inspect all the tubers.
- Reject damaged specimens.
- Cut large potatoes into 2-3 parts, leaving 2-3 eyes on each.
- Place the selected material in a warm place for germination. It is better to arrange the tubers in boxes or boxes covered with paper.
Warming up and sprouting potatoes takes about a month. It should be kept in a dark place or covered with material that does not allow light to pass through.
Before planting, potatoes can be treated with a solution of potassium permanganate or copper sulfate. After spraying, the material is dried and only then placed in the ground.
Planting scheme
The placement of tubers depends on the chosen planting method. There are several methods:
- single-line - make rows with an interval of 0.6-0.7 m, and leave 25-35 cm between bushes;
- tape (popular for industrial cultivation, hilling with a tractor) - two rows with an interval of 30 cm, then a gap of 1.1 m and repeating the pattern;
- ridge - height 30 cm, interval between rows 0.8 m.
The planting pattern depends on the ripening period. For early varieties, 25-35 cm between bushes is sufficient. For mid-season varieties of crops, it is better to increase this distance to 35-40 cm.
Growing potatoes in a greenhouse
Planting potatoes in Siberia in a greenhouse differs little from working in open ground. It is recommended to choose larger tubers - optimally 80-100 g. Potatoes are not cut so as not to attract pests.
Germination begins 30-40 days at a temperature of 18-26 °C before hatching and at 12-18 °C after it.For roots to appear, the tubers can be laid out in one layer on damp sawdust, sprinkled with soil and sprayed with a spray bottle every 3-4 days. This measure is appropriate when the size of the sprouts is at least 1 cm.
The soil in the greenhouse is prepared similarly to open ground. If the structure is heated, then heating is turned on 5-6 days in advance. The soil temperature must be at least 5 °C.
In Siberia, potatoes are planted in greenhouses according to the same scheme as in open ground. The optimal temperature for growing the crop is 18-20 °C. During budding and flowering, it is raised to 22 °C.
It is recommended to plant potatoes in greenhouses in Siberia when the daylight hours are at least ten hours
Care after landing
To obtain a good harvest, potato agricultural technology in Siberia must be followed. Complex crop care. It consists of the following activities:
- loosening;
- weeding;
- watering
- hilling.
They begin to loosen the potatoes even before emergence, so that the germinating tubers receive enough air. Then the action is regularly required after watering and rains to remove the crust on the surface.
It is recommended to hill up potato plantings in Siberia twice per season. The first treatment is carried out when the bushes grow to 15-20 cm. They need to be covered up to the lower leaves. Repeated hilling is required after 2-3 weeks, but flowering has not yet begun. Usually the resulting ridges are 15-20 cm high. Additional hilling may be required if the bush falls apart.
There is no need to specially water potato plantings in Siberia. This measure is resorted to only during prolonged drought, if the soil has dried out from 6-8 cm deep. Evening watering is recommended for the crop. A bush consumes 5-7 liters of water.If the season is dry, then 3-5 waterings are sufficient. It is especially important to obtain sufficient moisture during the formation of buds and tubers.
It is recommended to plant potatoes in greenhouses in Siberia when the daylight hours are at least ten hours
If the Colorado potato beetle appears on potatoes, it is collected manually or the preparations Iskra, Inta-Vir, Decis, Confidor, Bitoxibacillin are used
Conclusion
Potato planting in Siberia in 2024 is carried out in May-June in open ground, in April in unheated greenhouses. Good days for work are determined in accordance with the lunar phases.
