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White cabbage Nadezhda is considered one of the most popular vegetables. It is grown throughout Russia. In this article we will talk about the features of growing and caring for Nadezhda cabbage.
History of the variety
The Nadezhda variety was bred in 1969 by Siberian breeders. White cabbage is a hybrid obtained from crossing two varieties: Slava Enkhuisen and Dense Cabbage. Before Nadezhda received her start in life, she underwent a careful selection process for several years.
The originator of the Nadezhda variety is NIIOH scientist N.M. Nasrullaev. The culture was included in the State Register six years later and recommended for cultivation in ten Russian regions. Later, the Nadezhda cabbage variety began to be planted throughout almost the entire Soviet and post-Soviet space, both in personal farmsteads and in large agricultural enterprises.
Appearance
White cabbage Nadezhda is included in the cohort of mid-season varieties. Ready heads of cabbage can be collected 120-125 days after germination.If we consider the issue of technical ripeness from the time of transplanting seedlings to a permanent place, then a white vegetable ripens no later than 95 days.
The Nadezhda variety has a rosette of medium-sized, semi-spreading leaves. The leaves themselves are small and round. The surface of the leaf blades is gray-green, the waxy coating is faintly marked. The edges of wrinkled leaves have characteristic waves.
The shape of the heads of cabbage can be round or slightly flattened. The density of Nadezhda cabbage is good. The upper outer leaves of the head of cabbage are light green, white when cut, with virtually no voids between them. The average weight of forks of this cabbage variety is about 3.4 kg. The inner stump is underdeveloped and short. As gardeners who planted this white vegetable write in reviews, this is a clear advantage of the Nadezhda variety. All this is clearly visible in the photo.
Characteristics of the variety
To better understand the advantages and disadvantages, in addition to describing the Nadezhda cabbage variety, you will need to familiarize yourself with reviews and photos taken by gardeners. Let's try to present the characteristic features.
Advantages
You have already become familiar with the description of cabbage, and now let’s turn to the characteristics:
- The Nadezhda cabbage variety is high-yielding; with proper care, maximum values vary within 1,445 centners per hectare when grown on a production scale.
- The Nadezhda variety is universally used with excellent taste, recommended for fresh consumption, preparing various soups, and stewing. But the main purpose is fermentation, pickling, pickling. Prepared in these ways, cabbage will shock you with its crunch and whiteness.
- No cracking of heads of cabbage is observed.
- Due to their density, heads of Nadezhda cabbage are stored for about six months under certain conditions; they can be transported to any distance. The presentation and beneficial properties of cabbage are preserved.
- Varieties Nadezhda 85 and 455, according to gardeners, are drought-resistant and cold-resistant crops. White cabbage tolerates temperatures down to -5 degrees. The maximum yield is obtained at a growing temperature no higher than +25 degrees. Hot weather (more than +25 degrees) is dangerous for Nadezhda cabbage, as nitrates accumulate.
- Plants practically do not suffer from blackleg, clubroot, and gray rot due to good immunity.
Beneficial features
The Nadezhda variety is distinguished by its high content of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. But these properties of cabbage will vary depending on the region in which it is grown. So in the south, cabbage will have less sugar and a lot of vitamins. In sunny summers at moderate temperatures, the content of vitamin C in cabbages increases.
Place of cultivation
Cabbage Nadezhda, according to reviews from gardeners and the description of the variety, is demanding in terms of lighting. For it you need to select a site where the sun will dominate all day:
- in partial shade, vegetative processes slow down, which leads to an increase in cabbage ripening;
- the usefulness of white vegetables is reduced due to accumulated nitrates;
- the heads of cabbage lose density, become loose, lose their keeping quality, as gardeners who have been growing the crop for more than one year say, they resemble brooms.
Soil features
There is a special attitude towards the soil on which Nadezhda cabbage is supposed to be planted.It must be fertile and contain sufficient amounts of nitrogen, calcium and potassium. The ridges need to be prepared in the fall by applying organic or mineral fertilizers. From organic matter, manure, compost, humus or peat are preferable.
Seedlings are the key to harvest
As a rule, the Nadezhda variety is grown through seedlings. To do this, prepare containers or a greenhouse outside.
Soil preparation
- The soil should be fertile, but not acidic. Most often, gardeners themselves prepare the soil composition from turf soil, sand, and peat. All components are taken equally.
- It is useful to add a small amount of wood ash to the soil, as in the photo below. It contains all the microelements necessary for the plant. In addition, ash deoxidizes the soil and prevents the development of blackleg.
- Then the soil is spilled with boiling water with dissolved potassium permanganate. This procedure helps get rid of disease spores and pest larvae.
Preparing and sowing seeds
Before sowing, seeds must be disinfected for about 20 minutes in hot water (not higher than 50 degrees), if they are not coated. Then dip into cold water. If desired, and if growth activators are available, you can use them.
Sow the seeds in moist soil to a depth of 0.5 cm, water carefully so as not to wash away the surface. Then cover with glass or film, which is removed after the first sprout appears.
In a greenhouse or nursery, the temperature should not be high, otherwise the seedlings will stretch. But the lighting is maximized.
Seedlings can be picked, but this is not necessary. The main thing is that the seedlings do not grow densely: weak shoots must be removed.When they reach 20 cm in height and 5-6 true leaves appear, the seedlings are planted in a permanent place.
When caring for seedlings, monitor soil moisture. It should not be allowed to dry out, but it should not be flooded either. Too wet soil can cause root rot.
Varieties of white cabbage:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdhI2H5FXgE
Cabbage care
To get a good harvest of Nadezhda cabbage, you must adhere to the rules for caring for the variety in open ground. This will be discussed further.
Features of watering
The Nadezhda variety must be constantly watered. While the cabbage is in the nursery, it is better to take warm water. In the future, you can use water from the barrel.
You should not over-water the cabbage, otherwise you can provoke fungal diseases. In recent years, gardeners have been installing drip irrigation systems. In this case, the white vegetable receives water in doses directly at the root.
Loosening, hilling
White cabbage of the Nadezhda variety needs light, breathable soil. Comfortable cultivation can be achieved by timely loosening. Are simultaneously deleted weeds.
Since the stalk of the variety is weak, it is necessary to hill up the plants. This work is combined with loosening after watering or rain.
Feeding rules
Like any vegetables, you should not overfeed Nadezhda white cabbage. Everything should be in reasonable quantities. Most of all, the variety needs nitrogen, calcium and potassium.
Recently, gardeners on private plots have been trying to avoid mineral fertilizers. In this case, it will help:
- infusion of mullein and chicken droppings;
- green fertilizer from fresh grass;
- dry wood ash and extract from it.
During the growing season, no more than four feedings are carried out. They are combined with watering.
If fertilizers are used, the process follows this scenario:
- 20 days after transplanting, Nadezhda cabbage seedlings are fed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers.
- Then after another two weeks with potassium fertilizers.
- Third feeding with superphosphate.
If necessary, feed the plants again.
Disease Prevention
The Nadezhda variety is susceptible to bacteriosis, which negatively affects storage. Preventive measures should be taken in the pre-sowing period when processing seeds and soil. Pouring boiling water with potassium permanganate into the holes also helps get rid of the disease.
Special chemicals help get rid of diseases or slightly reduce their harm. Treating the bushes and soil under the bushes with dolomite flour or wood ash is a good way. In addition, in addition to getting rid of pests, the plants receive additional nutrition.
You can get rid of caterpillars, midges and aphids using Fitoferm or Iskra D. Planting marigolds and marigolds between bushes saves plants from pests. Caterpillars are selected by hand.
About methods of pest control and feeding features:
