Content
The garlic variety Lazurny is a bolting winter crop, zoned in temperate climates. Designed for personal and commercial cultivation. The variety is productive, mid-season, and does not lose its presentation during long-term storage.
History of selection
The winter garlic variety Lazurny was created on the basis of CJSC TsPT "Ovoshchevod" in Yekaterinburg. The originator is Candidate of Agricultural Sciences V.G. Susan. The basis was local crop species with good frost resistance. The main direction of hybridization is the creation of a new type of bolting garlic with a leveled, dense bulb, a long shelf life, high yield and drought resistance. The Lazurny variety was zoned in the Ural climate, showed good results and fully complies with the stated characteristics. In 2010, it was included in the State Register with a recommendation for cultivation in the European, Central, and Northwestern parts of Russia.
Description of Azure garlic
Winter garlic Lazurny is a mid-season variety. Ripens within 120 days from the moment the young shoots appear.Due to the formation of the arrow, the head does not crumble after harvesting, maintaining its integrity for the entire storage period. Garlic is grown in farmers' fields and plots. The crop is frost-resistant, tolerates high temperatures well with minimal watering, and is undemanding in agricultural technology.
The variety was created for cultivation in the temperate climate of the European part of the Russian Federation, and was zoned in the Urals. The Azure garlic variety has appeared on the seed market relatively recently. Garlic is grown in Siberia, the Urals, and Central Russia; due to its drought resistance, it is suitable for cultivation in the southern regions.
Description of Azure garlic (pictured):
- The leaves are narrow, lanceolate, elongated, grooved, pointed upward, length - 60 cm, width - 1.8-2 cm. The surface is smooth with a light waxy coating, the edges are even. The leaves are erect, the next leaf is formed inside the previous one, forming a false stem.
- The peduncle (arrow) is 65 cm high, an inflorescence in the form of a ball is formed at the top, and is covered with a film covering before flowering. The color of the arrow is the same tone as the leaves.
- The inflorescence is in the form of a spherical umbrella with sterile purple flowers, about 3 mm in diameter. It consists of small bulbs used for propagation of the variety; the plant does not produce seeds.
- The bulb is formed in the axils of the scales and consists of 6 teeth of a simple structure. The shape of the bulb is round, slightly flattened near the root system, ribbed. Weight – 60 g.
- The bulb is covered with dry white scales with anthocyanin (purple) longitudinal stripes. The shell of the teeth is dense, leathery, light brown.
- The teeth are white with a mild pungent taste and a distinct odor.
Is Azure garlic suitable for the Ural region?
The culture was hybridized at the Ural Institute of Seed Growing. It was created specifically for cultivation in the conditions of Siberia and the Urals. Tested in this climate zone. Also zoned in the Urals. The basis was local varieties of garlic with high immunity and drought resistance. The variety is a winter crop and is planted in the fall. The planting material overwinters safely and produces vigorous shoots in the spring. Azure garlic has high frost resistance; sprouts appear after above-zero temperatures are established. Young shoots are not afraid of return frosts. According to all characteristics and reviews, winter garlic of the Lazurny variety is ideal for growing in the Ural weather conditions.
Characteristics of Azure garlic
Winter garlic Azure is universal in use. Due to its chemical composition, it is widely used in folk medicine. In cooking it is used as a spicy seasoning for first and second courses. It has antibacterial properties, it is used for pickling, canning vegetables, and consumed fresh. Garlic contains many vitamins necessary for the body during the winter season, so the long shelf life of Azure garlic is a priority when choosing a variety.
Productivity
The mid-late variety has time to fully ripen in the short summer of the temperate zone. Winter garlic produces its first shoots in the middle or end of May, the timing depends on how early or late spring is. After two months, garlic reaches biological ripeness; harvesting is carried out in mid-July or early August. The Lazurny variety is suitable for consumption at the stage of conditional ripeness; “young” garlic is dug 1 month after germination.
The yield of the crop depends on the planting location and subsequent agricultural technology. The optimal area for garlic is a bed after harvesting potatoes; the area is quite fertile, and the rule of crop rotation is not violated. The crop is drought-resistant, seasonal rainfall is sufficient for it, and in rare cases it is watered additionally.
On waterlogged soils, the plant will not produce a harvest. The bed is placed in an open area. In the shade, garlic stretches, the bulbs grow small in size with fine teeth. Another condition for high yields is the composition of the soil. The crop grows poorly on acidic clay soils.
If all conditions are met, garlic produces a bulb weighing up to 60 g. At 1 m2 About 12 plants are planted. The yield is 0.7-0.8 kg. This is an indicator for the climate of the European part. In the South, the productivity of the Lazurny variety per 1 m2 –1.2-1.5 kg.
Sustainability
The Azure variety of garlic is not afraid of a sharp drop in temperature at night and tolerates dry, hot summers well. The culture has a high immunity to infections and pests. It resists fusarium well, but a bacterial disease may occur. Pests include root mites and stem nematodes.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of garlic of the Azure variety include:
- large size of bulbs and teeth;
- disease resistance;
- good yield;
- long shelf life;
- possibility of growing on private and farm plots;
- frost resistance;
- versatility in use.
The variety has one drawback - it does not resist a number of pests well.
Planting and care
To get a good harvest, you need to correctly determine when to plant Azure garlic and what agricultural technology is required. Planting work is carried out 45 days before the onset of frost, approximately in mid-October. The main indicator is the soil temperature, it should not be higher than +10 0C, this is enough for the roots of the teeth and not enough for the formation of shoots. The site is prepared in September: they dig up, add organic matter, superphosphate, and if the composition is acidic, add dolomite flour.
Planting garlic variety Azure:
- Make a bed 25 cm high and 1 m wide.
- Make longitudinal furrows so that there is a layer (5 cm) of soil above the planting material.
- Place the teeth at a distance of 15 cm from each other with the bottom down.
- Row spacing – 35 cm.
At 1 m2 an average of 10–12 seeds are obtained.
Garlic care:
- After germination, the soil is loosened and removed from the garden bed. weeds.
- When the plant grows to 15 cm, the area is mulched with straw or dry leaves.
- At the beginning of the growing season, the crop does not need watering; the moisture accumulated over the winter is sufficient. Water when the top layer dries out. In summer, if there is no precipitation, watering is carried out once a week.
- The plant is treated with copper sulfate for prevention purposes.
The main condition for obtaining large bulbs is timely feeding. Nitrogen, superphosphate and mineral fertilizers are added. The row spacing is sprinkled with ash. You can fertilize the garden bed with a solution of bird droppings.
Diseases and pests
Bacterial disease of garlic affects only winter varieties of the crop. Dark spots appear on the planting material, and the teeth take root poorly. The growth in spring is sparse; the upper part of the leaves turns yellow. You can avoid infection in the following ways:
- Timely drying of garlic in the sun after harvesting.
- Selection of only well-ripened, undamaged, large seeds.
- Disinfection of teeth before planting with copper sulfate.
- Treatment with the drug "Energen".
- Fertilizing during the growing season with Agricola-2.
Maintaining crop rotation will prevent the development of infection.
Winter garlic of the Lazurny variety is often parasitized by a stem nematode. The larvae feed on the juice of the onion, the teeth stop growing and become soft. If pests are detected, the affected plant is completely removed from the site. Planting garlic in this bed for 4 years is not considered. To prevent the development of nematodes, planting material is immersed in a 5% saline solution, it must be heated to +45 0C. Calendula is planted between the garlic rows.
Root mites on the Lazurny variety are less common than nematodes. It affects the bulbs during storage, the teeth rot and disappear. It enters the bulb in the spring from the soil. Control measures:
- sorting of planting material;
- if at least one infected bulb is found in the batch, all the cloves are treated with a solution of colloidal sulfur per 10 liters - 80 g before planting;
- The planting site is also treated with colloidal sulfur.
Root mite larvae overwinter in the soil. The bed for planting crops is not used for 2 years.
Conclusion
The Azure variety of garlic is a winter, bolting type of crop. Zoned in a temperate climate. Suitable for cultivation on an industrial scale and in the garden. The plant is frost-resistant; moisture deficiency does not affect the growing season. Gives stable, high yields. The bulbs are universal in use.
