Content
Plum Morning is a prominent representative of a small group of self-fertile varieties that produce yellow fruit. And although it was bred relatively recently, it has already gained fame among Russian gardeners.
History of variety selection
The plum variety Utro was obtained as a result of crossing Renclad Ullens and Skorospelka red at the All-Russian Selection and Technological Institute of Horticulture (Moscow). Already in 2001, the variety was included in the State Register and recommended for cultivation in the Central region of the country.
Description of the plum variety Morning
The height of the Morning plum tree is average, reaches 3.5 m. The crown is rounded, slightly raised with medium foliage and density. The shoots are dark brown, smooth to the touch, without pubescence. The leaves are large, light green, slightly wrinkled, without pubescence.
Morning plum fruits are greenish-yellow with a slight pink blush that appears on the sunny side.There is a slight waxy coating on the skin. The egg-shaped fruit grows weighing up to 40 g. The seam is poorly developed, but clearly distinguishable. The pulp is yellow, has a pleasant aroma and a sweet and sour taste, which received a tasting score of 4 out of 5. It has fine fibers and is very juicy.
The Morning variety is grown mainly in Moscow, Ryazan, Kaluga, Tula and other regions belonging to the Central region of Russia.
Characteristics of plum Morning
For clarity, the characteristics of the yellow plum Morning are presented in the form of an assessment of the most important varietal indicators.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
Drought resistance is rated as average. The tree also cannot boast of particular frost resistance: branches and shoots are severely affected by frost. Therefore, the Morning variety is not grown in areas with harsh winters. The main feature of this plum is its tendency to quickly recover and build up damaged parts. Despite the fact that during severe frosts in winter the tree may suffer, it is not afraid of the vagaries of spring weather. During frosts during this period, flower buds are practically not damaged.
Plum pollinators Morning
Plum Morning is absolutely self-fertile, so it does without any pollinator. The variety blooms at the standard time for the crop (mid-May), and produces fruits early, already in early August. The ripening of plums is uneven.
Productivity and fruiting
The yield of the Morning variety is quite high; up to 15 kg of plums are harvested from one plant, and in particularly successful years even 30 kg of tasty bright fruits.This indicator is considered stable, since low yields are observed only once every 4 years.
Plum fruiting begins early; the tree produces its first fruits at 4-6 years of age. Morning lives up to 21 years, after which it stops bearing fruit.
Area of application of berries
Morning plum fruits can be used in various ways; they are suitable for fresh consumption, canning and freezing. Gardeners who prepare food for the winter note that jam made from these plums is especially tasty.
Resistance to diseases and pests
The yellow plum variety Utro is highly resistant to common stone fruit diseases: fruit rot, clasterosporiosis (hole spot). Pest susceptibility is average, the variety is relatively resistant to invasions of codling moths and aphids.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Among the benefits of yellow plum Morning are:
- self-fertility of the variety;
- taste and product characteristics of berries;
- easy separation of the stone from the pulp;
- dry fruit separation;
- resistance to pests and diseases;
- versatility of using the harvested crop;
- stable and high productivity.
The main and only drawback of the Utro plum is its average winter hardiness. The tree does not tolerate frosty winters and thaws.
Landing Features
Growing a plum The morning begins with its planting, which has some features.
Recommended timing
The preferred timing for planting plums in the morning depends on the condition of the root system. Bare-rooted seedlings are planted in the spring before buds begin to open. With closed ones - in spring and autumn, from September to October. If the seedling was acquired late, it can be buried and transplanted to a permanent place in the spring.
Choosing a suitable location
Like other types of plums, the Morning variety reaches its full potential only when grown in sunny, windless areas without lowlands in which moisture can accumulate. If these standard conditions for growing plums are not observed, the morning starts to hurt and gives low yields. The tree prefers loose, fertile soils with neutral acidity.
What crops can and cannot be planted nearby?
When choosing a place to plant plums, you need to take into account one more factor - compatibility with other crops growing in the garden. You cannot plant the Morning plum next to other stone fruit and pome fruit trees. You can divide the garden plantings of these crops with black currant bushes. Raspberries and gooseberries are considered neutral neighbors for plums.
Selection and preparation of planting material
When choosing a plum seedling, you need to pay attention to the presence of any mechanical damage, stains and traces of pest activity. If they are present, it is better to refuse the purchase. The age of the seedling is considered one of the most important criteria. Specimens at the age of one or two years take root better than adult plants. If it is possible to assess the condition of the root system, then it is necessary to look at its development. A large number of strong roots guarantees survival.
Depending on what type of root system is - closed or open - pre-planting preparation can be carried out. If necessary, morning yellow plums with bare roots are soaked in water for 12-24 hours (if they are dry).
Landing algorithm
Planting the Morning variety is carried out according to standard instructions:
- In a dug hole with dimensions of 60x60 cm, 2 buckets of humus, 100 g of potassium sulfide, 200 g of superphosphate and 300 g of ash are placed in advance.
- The seedling is placed vertically, the roots are straightened.
- The voids in the pit are filled with soil so that no air space is formed. At the same time, make sure that the root collar of the plum is 7 cm above ground level.
- The earth around the buried tree is trampled down, a hole with sides is formed and it is shed. For gardeners who have experience planting fruit trees, planting Utra will not cause problems.
Aftercare for plums
Caring for the yellow plum Morning includes standard operations performed when growing the crop:
- watering should be sufficient for the seedling to survive; the soil should not be allowed to dry out and water should not stagnate;
- trim the top of the tree only during spring planting;
- fertilizing is not needed in the first two years of a plum’s life if it was planted in fertilized soil;
- preparation for winter is a very important event, so that the plum does not freeze, it is covered with spruce branches and the tree trunk is mulched;
- the trunk is wrapped in fine mesh to protect against rodents.
Caring for the Morning variety is simple, but mandatory.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Diseases and pests of the morning plum are summarized in tables.
Table 1 - Possible diseases of plum
Name of the disease | Ways to fight | Preventive measures |
Scab | Spraying after harvesting with Skor, Raek, Horus. | Spraying before bud break and after flowering with 1% Bordeaux mixture. |
Moniliosis | Spraying during flowering with Skor, Switch, Fitoflavin. Traditional methods: spraying in the spring with a solution of salt and ash, an aqueous solution of iodine. | Orderly and timely application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, mandatory collection of garbage, diseased fruits from the tree and the tree trunk. |
Red spot | Use before and after flowering, as well as after harvesting, Topaz, Skor, Oxychom. | Until the buds open, the tree and tree trunk area are treated with a 1% solution of copper sulfate. |
Table 2 - Pests of yellow plum Morning
Pest name | Ways to fight | Prevention |
Plum gall mite | Treatment upon completion of flowering with a solution of Tedion or colloidal sulfur. | Planting plums away from almonds, peach, birch and other crops affected by the pest. |
Plum sawfly | Traditional methods include wormwood or pine infusion. Chemical treatment is carried out with the drugs Lepitocid, Entobacterin. | Digging up the trunk circle in the fall, treating with special insecticides in early spring before the buds open. |
Conclusion
Plum Morning is one of the most unpretentious varieties of crops, the cultivation of which does not cause difficulties even for novice gardeners. By paying special attention to preparing plums for winter, you can harvest high yields from them almost every year.
Reviews
Gardeners leave the following reviews about the yellow plum Morning.
Hello, can you tell me how to plant a plum tree in the fall with a closed root system?
Good afternoon.
You need to plant plums in the fall no earlier than a month and a half before the onset of frost. It is important to choose the right place for plums. The site should be sunny, protected from draft winds. There should be at least 2 meters to the nearest trees and buildings.
The algorithm for planting plum seedlings with a closed root system is as follows:
• Prepare the planting hole. The dimensions of the hole are determined by the size of the root system (approximately). It is important that the roots are located in the hole quite freely.
• Prepare a nutrient mixture based on: soil, sand, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, humus in a ratio of 8:1:1:3.
• One day before the intended planting, water the seedling well so that the soil is well moistened.
• Remove the seedling from the pot and lightly knead the soil.
• Pour the prepared nutrient mixture into a heap at the bottom of the planting hole and place the seedling on it. Gently straighten the roots.
• Fill the hole and water the seedling generously with warm water.
You can learn more about planting plums in the fall from the article
https://mygarden-en.desigusxpro.com/sad-i-ogorod/derevya/kak-posadit-slivu-vesnoj-poshagovoe-rukovodstvo.html