Content
Koza-Dereza cauliflower is a variety characterized by early ripening. The culture was bred by the Russian company Biotechnika, located in St. Petersburg. The Koza-Dereza variety was included in the State Register in 2007 and is recommended for cultivation in the temperate and southern regions of Russia.
Description of Koza-Dereza cauliflower
Koza-Dereza cauliflower is distinguished by a compact rosette containing from 21 to 25 leaves. The color is green, but a grayish tint is visible; the surface of the foliage is covered with a barely noticeable bluish waxy coating.
The shape of the head is round, slightly convex, the tubercles are poorly visible.
The inflorescences are distinguished by their juiciness and delicate structure; when cutting the head of cabbage, they do not crumble
The green foliage of the Goat-Dereza partially covers the snow-white inflorescences.
Advantages and disadvantages
Any vegetable crop has its own advantages and disadvantages. Koza-Dereza cauliflower has the following advantages:
- simultaneous ripening, which makes it possible to harvest several harvests per season;
- high yield;
- stable fruiting even in unfavorable weather;
- resistance to temperature decrease;
- pleasant taste;
- good head tying.
Among the disadvantages, vegetable growers note that the Koza-Dereza variety is susceptible to diseases and pests, but with proper care these problems can be avoided.
Productivity of cauliflower variety Koza-Dereza
The average yield is 3.2 kg per 1 m² of area (with a planting density of 4 pieces per sq.m). When grown in several passes, you can harvest several times more from the plot.
Ripening times depend on the climatic conditions of the region and the date of planting:
- March-April – 55-65 days;
- April-May – 50-60 days;
- June-July – 53-69 days.
Planting and caring for Koza-Dereza cauliflower
Gardeners practice two methods of growing cauliflower: seedlings and seeds. According to their reviews, the first method shows greater efficiency, since climatic conditions in Russia are quite unpredictable.
To obtain Koza-Dereza cauliflower seedlings, seeds are sown in March or early April. After about 30-40 days, the seedlings will grow to 15 cm in height, 4-5 true leaves will appear on them, and they will be ready for transplanting.
The optimal distance that must be left between adjacent holes is 50 cm, between rows - 45 cm. Well-lit beds are chosen for planting. Koza-Dereza cauliflower does not tolerate shade, so it will not be possible to harvest the crop under the canopy of trees.
Koza-Dereza cauliflower seeds must undergo pre-planting treatment. They are wrapped in gauze and dipped in a weak solution of manganese, then kept in a damp cloth until they hatch. For wetting, you can use Epin, succinic acid or any biostimulant. Before planting, the seeds are treated with Fitosporin or another biofungicide. It is enough to keep the seed material in the preparation for 15 minutes.
Algorithm for obtaining Koza-Dereza cauliflower seedlings:
- It is better to plant seeds in individual containers (peat cups), this will avoid picking and replanting. Cabbage has very fragile roots, so injuring them negatively affects the growth of the crop. 3-4 seeds are sown in a container, and after germination they are discarded, leaving the most powerful of them.
- Use store-bought soil or home-made soil. For these purposes, humus, peat, sand, and soil are mixed (in equal proportions). Add 1 tsp per 1 liter of soil. wood ash. The soil is sterilized by keeping it in the freezer for 24 hours; you can water it with a 5% manganese solution.
- Before planting, the soil in the containers is moistened. Cauliflower seeds are buried 0.5 cm and sprinkled with sand on top. To create a greenhouse effect, glass is installed on the container or film is stretched. Every day, carry out five minutes of ventilation.
- Until the first shoots appear, the containers are kept in a dark place at a temperature of 22 ° C; when the seeds sprout, the air in the room is cooled to 10 ° C during the day and to 6 ° C at night. After a week, the temperature is increased to 16°C. Additional illumination is carried out with phytolamps; the duration of daylight hours for Koza-Dereza cauliflower is 12 hours.
- Watering should be regular, but the soil should not be allowed to become waterlogged.
- Feeding cauliflower seedlings is carried out twice: after the appearance of two true leaves and after 2 weeks. Rostock, Kemira-Lux and others are chosen as nutritional preparations.
- 1-2 weeks before planting in the ground, seedlings begin to harden. She is taken outside first for a few minutes, then the stay time is increased. In the last 2 days, the seedlings spend the night in the fresh air.
A cloudy day is chosen for transplantation. Dig holes to a depth of 10 cm and moisten the soil well. You can put 1 tsp on the bottom. superphosphate and a little onion peel, sprinkle with humus. The pungent smell of onions will prevent pest invasion.
The seedlings are buried in the soil up to the first leaves, sprinkled with soil, and watered.
If you use the seed method of planting in the ground, you must wait until the soil warms up to 12 °C. In temperate climates, the approximate planting date is the first ten days of May, in the southern regions - the end of April. 2-3 seeds are planted in each hole and sprinkled with a layer of sand on top. The area with cabbage is covered with film. After emergence of shoots, the film is replaced with spunbond or lutrasil. The seedlings remain under shelter for up to 35-45 days.
Caring for the crop consists of regular moistening, weeding and loosening the soil, and applying fertilizers.
When growing Koza-Dereza cauliflower, adhere to the following rules:
- Watering is very important, especially when the inflorescences are forming. Seedlings are moistened once every 2-3 days, using at least 7 liters per 1 m².For cabbage aged 1 month, the number of waterings is reduced to 1-2 times a week, but the volume of water is increased to 12 liters per 1 m². After sunset, you can additionally use sprinkling.
- The first time after planting, fertilizing is carried out after 10 days. Nutrients are then added at intervals of 15 days. For the first feeding, nitrogen is used, then phosphorus-potassium mixtures. Browning and crumbling of the heads indicate a lack of boron and molybdenum. A spray solution consisting of ammonium molybdate and boric acid (1 g per 1 liter of water) will help correct the situation.
- Loosen the beds 2 times a week. The roots of cabbage are superficial, so the procedure is carried out carefully, going deeper by 7-8 cm.
Diseases and pests
Koza-Dereza cauliflower has good immunity to diseases, but it is often attacked by insects.
Insects cannot tolerate strong odors, so to protect the cabbage, garlic, mint, lavender, and marigolds are planted around the perimeter of the garden bed.
The following pests pose the greatest threat to Koza-Dereza cauliflower:
- Cabbage aphid. Herbal infusions will help get rid of insect infestations; you can use tobacco, mustard, garlic, and potato tops to prepare them. Spray infected plants several times a day. If there are too many pests and folk remedies are powerless, use Aktara, Biotlin or other chemicals.
- The cabbage fly lays eggs, from which larvae emerge. They damage roots and stems. Prevention consists of planting parsley and celery around the garden bed.For treatment, you can use soapy water or a solution of vinegar essence (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water). Fufanon and Tanrek are suitable for store-bought products.
- Cruciferous flea beetle damages foliage. You can get rid of insects with infusions of garlic, tobacco, and red pepper. Trichlorometaphos, Lightning, Furadan, Karate Zeon, Aktaru, Kaiser and other chemicals are also used.
- Cutworm caterpillars eat leaves. Homemade traps filled with sweet water or diluted jam help eliminate insects. Among the drugs that are effective are Actellik, Lepidocid, Confidor-Maxi.
- Slugs may also eat leaves and inflorescences. You can scare them away with a solution of mustard powder. Needles and crushed eggshells are sprinkled around the seedlings, which prevents slugs from moving around the beds. From chemistry they use Thunderstorm, Slug Eater.
The following diseases pose a danger to Koza-Dereza cauliflower:
- root rot;
- mucous bacteriosis;
- clubroot;
- Alternaria blight;
- peronosporosis;
- Fusarium
When identifying root rot, Trichodermin and Glyocladin are used. Mucous bacteriosis leads to rotting of the inflorescences; to prevent the disease, plantings are treated with Pentafag or Mikosan. If significant damage is detected, the cabbage is removed from the garden bed and burned.
Clubroot is very difficult to get rid of. If damaged specimens are identified on the site, they are removed and the land is used for growing other crops. Cauliflower is planted in this area no earlier than every 7 years.
Alternaria blight occurs in extreme heat and high humidity. For prevention, dusting the beds with crushed chalk is used. You can treat with Baktofit.
Fusarium causes deformation of inflorescences and yellowing of foliage. To prevent the occurrence of this disease, it is necessary to add Fitosporin to the water for irrigation.
To prevent peronosporosis, plants are sprinkled with wood ash and the ground with crushed chalk.
Application
Koza-Dereza cauliflower is used to prepare various dishes. It is fried, pickled, salted and frozen.
Cabbage stewed in a slow cooker is not only tasty, but also healthy
Conclusion
Koza-Dereza cauliflower is in demand among Russian vegetable growers. The early ripeness of the crop allows you to harvest 2-3 crops per season. Cabbage heads are universal in use; various dishes are prepared from them; the inflorescences are closed for the winter and frozen.
Reviews of Koza-Dereza cauliflower
