Content
Growing broccoli in Siberia is possible if you follow the planting dates and choose the right varieties. For open ground, it is necessary to choose the most resistant varieties. You can grow different plants in a greenhouse, but it is best to stick to early and mid-season ones.
Is it possible to grow broccoli in Siberia?
Broccoli can be grown in Siberia, not only early, but also middle and late varieties. When choosing a crop, you should pay attention to resistance to temperature changes and drought.
Most often, hybrids are chosen for cultivation, since they are most adapted even to unfavorable climatic conditions. It is quite possible to grow them in open ground conditions.
The choice of a specific variety is carried out according to several criteria:
- ripening time;
- productivity;
- taste qualities;
- presentation (if grown for sale);
- Is the variety suitable for freezing?
The best varieties of broccoli for Siberia
Not all varieties of broccoli grow well in Siberia.For cultivation, it is necessary to choose varieties that are most resistant to temperature changes and drought. As a rule, these are hybrids, although there are quite suitable varietal varieties. The main representatives are described in the following sections.
For open ground
In Siberia, broccoli can be cultivated both in a greenhouse and in open beds. But to do this, you need to choose hybrids and varieties that are most resistant to unfavorable climatic conditions. We recommend considering the following varieties:
- Lazar F1.
- Tone.
- Emperor.
The Lazar hybrid produces a harvest just 60 days after germination of seedlings. Therefore, it is considered one of the fastest ripening representatives of broccoli. The heads of cabbage are dense and large, suitable for freezing.
Tonus is another variety of cabbage that can be grown in the climatic conditions of Siberia. Gives harvest in 70-90 days from germination. The timing largely depends on care and weather conditions. The central inflorescences are small, weighing 200 g. A week after they are harvested, the lateral ones begin to develop; they can weigh up to 70 g.
The heads have a rich dark green color, and if it is too cold outside, they turn brown. Ripening is not only fast, but also uniform, which makes harvesting easier. If the weather is relatively warm and care is good, heads of cabbage will form even in the second half of September.
The Tonus variety produces a harvest within three months from the moment the seedlings begin to grow
Another representative of broccoli for Siberia is Emperor. It is distinguished by an unusual leaf shape (in the form of a cone or fir-trees), and the color is dark green. The heads ripen within 80-85 days, reaching a mass of 400 g. The bunches grow in a spiral, so the shape of the inflorescence is obtained in the form of an “palace” of the emperor.The yield is small - within 1 kg per 1 m2.
For the greenhouse
If we consider broccoli varieties for Siberia with a large head, which are intended for growing in a greenhouse, you can choose among the following varieties:
- Continental.
- Monterey.
Broccoli Continental is suitable for Siberia because it is unpretentious. Produces semi-raised rosettes with small leaves. The color is rich green, with dark shades. The heads are round, rather dense, open.
The weight of one inflorescence reaches 500-600 g
The taste is very good, the yield is satisfactory - more than 2 kg per 1 m2.
Monterey is another broccoli variety for Siberia. Produces small oval heads, somewhat flattened in shape, gray-green in color. The leaves are small, slightly wavy along the edges. The heads can be either medium (600-700 g) or very large (up to 1.9 kg). The taste is very good, the yield reaches 3.6 kg per 1 m2.
Early
Early varieties of broccoli ripen in just 70-80 days from the date when the seedlings appear. The following varieties are optimal for growing in Siberia:
- Green Magic F1.
- Fiesta F1.
- Naxos F1.
Hybrid Green Magic F1 bears fruit in just 60-70 days. Adapts well to different conditions, undemanding to soil. Heads of cabbage retain their shape even in hot conditions. It has a rich dark green color. The inflorescences are attractive, dome-shaped. The stalks are dense and have no voids. On average, a head of this broccoli variety weighs 500-700 g. The taste is excellent, the inflorescences are consumed both fresh and frozen. The Siberian variety is noted to be resistant to powdery mildew. Productivity reaches 3.5 kg per square meter.
Another early ripening hybrid is Fiesta F1. This broccoli is suitable for cultivation in Siberia.Gives a harvest in just 80 days. On average, the fruits weigh 400-500 g. The inflorescences are green, the leaves have a slight waxy coating. The hybrid is quite resistant to temperature changes, rain, and winds.
The heads are small, usually oval in shape, and may have slight flattening and small bumps. They have an attractive presentation. Therefore, you can cultivate it both for yourself and for subsequent sale.
Fiesta grows well in cool conditions
Also suitable for growing in Siberia is a broccoli hybrid such as Naxos F1. This culture was developed in Japan. Belongs to early ripening varieties, ripens in 75-80 days. Fruits of average weight from 400 to 600 g. Suitable only for fresh consumption.
The leaves are large, blue-green in color, and have a waxy coating. The edges are slightly wavy, slightly bubbly, the petioles are small. Medium sized heads. The shape is oval, with a slight flattening. The color is blue-green. The heads are quite dense, there are no covering sheets.
Mid-season
Mid-season broccoli varieties for Siberia ripen in 80-100 days. Experienced summer residents recommend choosing the following hybrids and varieties:
- Batavia F1.
- Heraklion F1.
- Ironman F1.
- Lucky F1.
- Linda.
Batavia F1 is a broccoli hybrid for Siberia. Produces large heads weighing 1-1.5 kg. The inflorescences can be easily separated and can be consumed fresh or frozen. The ripening period is short and is only 90-95 days.
Hybrid Batavia F1 is resistant to cool conditions
Fruits until the first frost (after cutting the main inflorescence, side shoots appear). Tolerates drought normally. The crop can be grown either by seedlings or by direct sowing in the ground.
Another variety of broccoli for Siberia is the Heraklion hybrid.It has very good drought resistance. It is not picky about soil composition - it produces a good harvest even on depleted soils. The harvest is formed in 70-80 days, so the hybrid can be classified as mid-early.
The weight of one inflorescence is 400-600 g
The heads have an attractive appearance and are rich green in color. The inflorescences are well defined and easily separated, so they can be used for freezing.
Ironman F1 is another suitable broccoli hybrid for the Siberian climate. Belongs to the mid-early group - the harvest appears in the period of 85-110 days, depending on the weather and care rules. Plants produce upright or raised rosettes of leaves. The color is blue-green, the edges are wavy. The heads are dome-shaped, medium in size, grayish-green in color. The weight is usually about 400 g, but reaches 600 g. It has a very good taste. Used fresh and frozen. Productivity up to 3.7 kg per square meter.
Ironman is one of the most productive varieties
The culture needs good moisture. It is equally important to regularly loosen the soil and do weeding.
The broccoli hybrid Laki can also be grown in Siberia. This is a mid-early variety and produces a harvest 100 days after germination. The leaves are raised, have a gray-green color and a waxy coating. The heads are medium-sized, rounded-flat, dense in structure, dark green in color.
On average, inflorescences weigh 300-600 g. They are quite compact and aligned, so they look attractive. The hybrid can be grown both on personal farms and for commercial purposes. Plants are demanding on the level of soil fertility.They grow well on loose soils with a neutral reaction.
Another medium-ripening broccoli variety suitable for Siberia is Linda. Ripens in 85-90 days, gives a high yield of up to 4 kg per square meter. This is provided both by the main inflorescences weighing 300-400 g, and by side shoots. The rosettes of leaves rise, the foliage itself is elliptical and small. It has a gray-green tint and a bubbly surface with a slight coating. The heads are round, small in size, of medium density, covering leaves are absent. The surface is moderately bumpy, the shade is dark green.
Late
Late-ripening crops produce a harvest in 110-130 days. The following broccoli representatives are suitable for Siberia:
- Parthenon F1.
- Marathon F1.
Parthenon is a hybrid that produces a harvest 120-130 days after germination. Therefore, the collection usually occurs in September. The culture develops well in cool conditions (temperature 15-18 degrees). Productivity is high, reaches 3.3 kg per 1 m2.
Marathon F1 is another variety of broccoli for Siberia. It ripens in 100-110 days, so you can always have time to harvest. Produces dense and large inflorescences weighing up to 1 kg. The surface is smooth. The side shoots are also large – often up to 150 g.
Adapts well to different climatic conditions. Consumed fresh and frozen. It has a very high yield - from 1 m2 you can collect from 5 to 7 kg (planting density - up to 6 bushes).
Marathon brings up to 7 kg of inflorescences per square meter
Features of growing broccoli in Siberia
In Siberian conditions, broccoli is almost always grown in seedlings.Sowing of seeds begins from mid-March to the first ten days of April with the expectation of transplanting the seedlings into a greenhouse or into the ground in the first half of May. The main stages and rules of cultivation are described below.
Growing seedlings
Seedling seeds are sown in shallow and wide boxes, having previously laid fertile soil. Moisten, cover with film and place on the windowsill. Be sure to install phytolamps so that the daylight hours are at least 14 hours.
After emergence of shoots, the film is removed and broccoli seedlings are grown at +10. Then, after the formation of 2-3 leaves, they dive and gradually increase the temperature to +15. In Siberia, such conditions can be achieved on a closed balcony or loggia.
Planting in open ground
Grown broccoli seedlings are transplanted into open ground 25-35 days after emergence. As a rule, this time falls on the May holidays. The plants are unpretentious and develop normally at a temperature of 18-20 degrees. But if frosts are expected on the soil, it is better to wait and replant in the second half of May.
Before transplanting, the soil is fertilized and several holes are marked at a distance of 40 cm (at least 50 cm between rows). It is best to plant in a staggered pattern to ensure even lighting.
Conclusion
Growing broccoli in Siberia is quite possible, both in a greenhouse and in open ground. Both early and mid-season and even late varieties are chosen for planting. To ensure good yields, maintain a constant level of soil moisture and periodically apply fertilizer.
