Content
Beans contain many beneficial substances. Beans contain proteins, carbohydrates, sugar, vitamins and microelements. Can be vegetable and grain. In vegetable beans, the leaves and grains are eaten; in grain beans, only beans are eaten, because the leaves contain coarse fibers. Unlike vegetable beans, grain beans can be stored for a long time without freezing.
Characteristics of the bean variety “Mavka”
The “Mavka” grain variety is designed for cultivation in regions with unstable rainfall. Easily tolerates short-term drought. The plant is resistant to damage by weevil, bacteriosis, and anthracnose. The variety is suitable for mechanized harvesting.
The plant is low, up to 60 cm long, and has good foliage. The variety is of indeterminate type, the bush shape is erect. Mavka beans are highly resistant to lodging and bean shedding. The top of the bush curls a little. The pods are yellowish, the beans are oval, white, with a faint marbled pattern. The grain has high taste properties and boils well.
The variety is mid-season, the duration of the growing season is 105 days.
Rules for growing the Mavka bean variety
Careful preparation of seeds before sowing is necessary. The seed is treated with a tank mixture that contains fungicides, pesticides, and growth stimulants. Most often, soaking is used, in some cases it is possible to spray the seeds.
To get a good harvest, it is advisable to use crop rotation. The best precursors for growing legumes are the following crops:
- corn;
- potato;
- cereals;
- cucumber;
- tomato.
Sowing is usually carried out in early May, when the threat of damage to the seedlings by return frosts has passed. Seeds and plants sown in poorly warmed soil are often affected by various fungal and bacterial diseases. Seedlings die at an air temperature of -1 degree. The depth of planting seeds is up to 7 cm.
The first shoots appear after 1-2 weeks, depending on the planting depth. If necessary, weed and thin the rows. When the fourth true leaves appear on young plants, the first fertilizing with minerals is carried out. It is preferable to use complex fertilizers that contain all the microelements vital for the plant.
Legume plants require sufficient moisture; in the absence of precipitation, watering is carried out every 7-10 days. The Mavka variety tolerates drought and waterlogging well if they do not last long. But it must be taken into account that all unfavorable factors slow down the development of plants and will ultimately affect the yield.
During flowering and the formation of ovaries, it is advisable to carry out mineral fertilizing and treat the plants with insecticides.
The most productive pods are the lower ones. They are located no higher than 14 cm.Studies have shown that the height of the lower beans of a plant depends only 30% on the characteristics of the variety. The main influence on the height of the location is exerted by environmental factors.
Harvesting begins when the pod becomes dry and easily cracks. It must be taken into account that the lower pods ripen earlier. During wet weather, beans that are not harvested on time can be affected by various types of rot.
Use of fertilizers for the Mavka bean variety
Gradually, even in the richest soil, the amount of nutrients decreases. To get a rich harvest, it is necessary to fertilize the soil on time. The amount of microelements required for a plant is calculated according to the description of application rates for different types of fertilizers.
Nitrogen
The plant is very responsive to the addition of sufficient nitrogen fertilizers to the soil. You can use natural sources of organic nutrients, such as manure. The best harvest is obtained the next year after adding organic matter. From chemical preparations, it is advisable to choose those that do not contain sodium. Fertilizer is applied to the soil during autumn tillage or during spring fertilizing.
Potassium and magnesium
A lack of potassium and magnesium slows down the development of plants, flowering and the formation of ovaries stop. The lower leaves turn yellow and fall off. To avoid micronutrient deficiency in plants, it is necessary to regularly apply fertilizers. The first application is carried out after the appearance of the fourth true leaf on the sprouts. Repeat during flowering, pod formation, and bean ripening.
Phosphorus
The root system of beans is capable of absorbing phosphorus even from hard-to-reach compounds, so phosphate rock can be used instead of superphosphate.
Conclusion
Growing beans is not very difficult. With just a little effort, you can get a universal product - healthy, tasty and satisfying.
