Sea buckthorn: varieties with descriptions and photos

Content

1 Classification of varieties
2 The highest yielding varieties of sea buckthorn
3 Sea buckthorn varieties without thorns
4 Sweet varieties of sea buckthorn
5 Varieties of large-fruited sea buckthorn
6 Low-growing varieties of sea buckthorn
7 Sea buckthorn varieties with high frost resistance
8 Male varieties of sea buckthorn
9 Systematization of varieties by fruit color
10 Classification of varieties by ripening time
11 Classification of varieties by date of registration in the State Register
- 11.1 Old varieties of sea buckthorn
- 11.2 New varieties of sea buckthorn
12 How to choose the right variety
13 The best varieties of sea buckthorn for the Moscow region
- 13.1 Sea buckthorn varieties without thorns for the Moscow region
14 The best varieties of sea buckthorn for Siberia
- 14.1 Varieties of thornless sea buckthorn for Siberia
15 The best varieties of sea buckthorn for the Urals
16 The best varieties of sea buckthorn for central Russia
17 Conclusion
18 Reviews

The varieties of sea buckthorn known today amaze the imagination with their diversity and colorful palette of characteristics. To choose an option that is ideal for your own garden and meets all your wishes, you should read a brief description of the different varieties. It is also important to take into account the recommendations given by breeders in relation to the peculiarities of growing sea buckthorn in different regions of the country.

Classification of varieties

Now it is difficult to imagine that less than a century ago sea buckthorn was considered a wild crop growing in Siberia and Altai, where it was sometimes mercilessly fought as a weed. The true benefits of small sour yellow berries, abundantly covering the branches of a spreading bush with sharp thorns, were appreciated later.

Important! Sea buckthorn is a real “storehouse” of useful substances. Its fruits are 6 times richer in carotene than carrots, and in terms of vitamin C content, this berry is ten times higher than lemon.

Since the 70s. In the 20th century, domestic scientists developed more than seven dozen varieties of sea buckthorn. They differ in many ways: the size and color of the fruit, yield, taste characteristics, height and compactness of the bushes, and can also grow in different climatic conditions.

According to the timing of fruit ripening, sea buckthorn varieties are usually divided into three large groups:

early ripening (harvest in early August);
mid-season (ripen from late summer to mid-September);
late-ripening (fruiting from the second half of September).

According to the height of the bush, these plants are:

short (do not exceed 2–2.5 m);
medium height (2.5–3 m);
tall (3 m and above).

The shape of the sea buckthorn crown can be:

spreading;
compact (in different variations).

Important! A significant characteristic is the so-called thorniness of the shoots. Currently, many varieties of sea buckthorn lack spines completely, or their pungency and quantity are reduced to a minimum by the efforts of breeders. This is their undoubted advantage over bushes with the usual “spiny” branches.

Indicators of frost resistance, drought resistance, resistance to diseases and pests in different varieties of sea buckthorn are high, medium and weak.

The fruits of this crop, depending on the taste, have different economic purposes:

varieties of sea buckthorn for processing (mainly with sour pulp);
universal (sweet and sour taste);
dessert (the most pronounced sweetness, pleasant aroma).

The color of the fruit also varies - it can be:

orange (in the vast majority of sea buckthorn varieties);
red (only a few hybrids can boast of such berries);
lemon green (the only variety is Herringbone, considered decorative).

Distinguishes different varieties of sea buckthorn and fruit size:

in wild crops they are small, weighing approximately 0.2–0.3 g;
varietal berries weigh on average 0.5 g;
“Record holders” with fruits from 0.7 to 1.5 g are considered large-fruited.

Sea buckthorn varieties are also divided according to yield:

in the first cultivated hybrids it was 5–6 kg per plant (now this is considered low);
Opinions vary regarding the average yield - in general, indicators of 6–10 kg can be considered as such;
Many modern varieties are high-yielding, allowing you to collect from 15 to 25 kg of berries from one plant.

A good variety of sea buckthorn, as a rule, combines several important qualities:

high productivity;
complete (or almost complete) absence of thorns;
dessert taste of the fruit.

Therefore, further division, which is based on just one of the characteristics, will be rather arbitrary. However, it is well suited to visually present the variety of sea buckthorn varieties and the strongest aspects of each of them.

The highest yielding varieties of sea buckthorn

This group contains varieties that, with proper care, consistently produce generous harvests every year.They are grown not only in the gardens of amateur farmers, but also in professional farms for large-scale processing and procurement.

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Chuyskaya	Mid August	11–12 (with intensive cultivation technology up to 24)	Round, sparse	Yes, but not enough	Large (about 1 g), sweet and sour, bright orange	Winter hardiness is average
Botanical	Mid-early	Up to 20	Compact, rounded-pyramidal	Short, at the top of the shoots	Large, light orange, sour	Winter hardiness
Botanical fragrant	End of August	Up to 25	Round-spreading, well formed	Short, at the top of the shoots	Medium (0.5–0.7 g), slightly acidic, juicy with a pleasant aroma	Winter hardiness
Panteleevskaya	September	10–20	Thick, spherical	Very little	Large (0.85–1.1 g), red-orange	Pest resistance. Winter hardiness
Gift to the Garden	End of August	20-25	Compact, umbrella-shaped	A little	Large (about 0.8 g), deep orange, have a sour, astringent taste	Resistance to drought, frost, wilting
Abundant	Mid-early	12–14 (but goes up to 24)	Oval, spreading	No	Large (0.86 g), deep orange, distinctly sour with sweet notes	Winter hardiness is average
Gift from Moscow State University	Early	Up to 20	Spreading	Yes, but rare	Medium (about 0.7 g), amber in color, sweet with “sourness”	Resistance to drying out

Important! A weak root system of sea buckthorn can cause the bush to “turn out” of the soil under the weight of a bountiful harvest.To avoid this, when planting, it is recommended to deepen the root collar by about 7–10 cm so that additional roots can form.

Sea buckthorn varieties without thorns

Sea buckthorn shoots, abundantly covered with sharp, hard spines, initially made it difficult to care for the plant and the harvesting process. However, breeders have worked painstakingly to create varieties that do not have thorns, or with a minimum number of them. They completed this task brilliantly.

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Altai	End of August	15	Pyramidal, easy to form	None	Large (about 0.8 g), sweet with pineapple flavor, orange	Resistance to diseases and pests. Winter hardiness
Solar	Average	Around 9	Spreading, medium density	None	Medium (0.7 g), amber color, pleasant sweet and sour taste	Resistance to pests and diseases. Winter hardiness
Giant	Beginning – mid-August	7,7	Cone-rounded	Almost not	Large (0.9 g), sweet with “sourness” and slight tartness, orange	Frost resistance. Leaves are prone to damage by mites, fruits - by sea buckthorn fly
Chechek	Late	About 15	Spreading	None	Large (0.8 g), sweet with “sourness”, bright orange with ruddy spots	Frost resistance
Excellent	End of summer - beginning of autumn	8–9	Round	None	Medium (0.7 g), orange, with “sourness”	Frost resistance. Leaves are prone to damage by mites, fruits - by sea buckthorn fly
Socratic	August 18–20	Around 9	Spreading	None	Medium (0.6 g), sweet and sour taste, red-orange	Resistance to fusarium, gall mite
Girlfriend	End of summer - beginning of autumn	Around 8	Slightly spreading	None	Large (0.8–1 g), sweet and sour taste, deep orange	Resistance to frost, drought, temperature changes. Susceptibility to endomycosis. Damaged by sea buckthorn fly

Warning! The absence of thorns on the branches of sea buckthorn deprives it of natural protection from small rodents, hares, and roe deer, which like to feast on young shoots.

Sweet varieties of sea buckthorn

It would seem that the taste of sea buckthorn cannot be imagined without a pronounced characteristic “sourness”. However, the modern assortment of this crop will certainly please those with a sweet tooth - the dessert berries are distinguished by a pleasant aroma and high sugar content.

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Darling	End of August	7,3	Spreading	Along the entire length of the shoot	Medium (0.65 g), sweet, bright orange	Resistance to disease and cold. Almost not affected by pests
Roots	Early	13,7	Compressed	Short, at the top of the shoots	Medium (0.6 g), sweet and sour, orange	Cold resistance
Tenga	Mid-late	13,7	Oval, medium thickness	Yes, but not much	Large (0.8 g), sweet and sour, deep orange with a “blush”	Winter hardiness. Resistance to sea buckthorn mite
Muscovite	September 1–5	9-10	Compact, pyramidal	Available	Large (0.7 g), fragrant, juicy, orange with scarlet specks	Winter hardiness. High immunity to pests and fungal diseases
Claudia	Late summer	10	Spreading, flat-round	A little	Large (0.75–0.8 g), sweet, dark orange	Resistance to sea buckthorn fly
Moscow pineapple	Average	14–16	Compact	A little	Medium (0.5 g), juicy, sweet with a characteristic pineapple aroma, dark orange with a scarlet spot	Winter hardiness. High immunity to diseases
Nizhny Novgorod sweet	End of August	10	Spreading, sparse	None	Large (0.9 g), orange-yellow, juicy, sweet with a slight “sourness”	Frost resistance

Important! Sweet fruits are fruits whose pulp contains 9% sugar (or more). And the harmonious taste of sea buckthorn berries depends on the ratio of sugar and acid.

Varieties of large-fruited sea buckthorn

Sea buckthorn varieties with large berries (about 1 g or more) are highly valued by gardeners.

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Essel	Early	Around 7	Compact, round, loose	None	Large (up to 1.2 g), sweet with a slight “sourness”, orange-yellow	Winter hardiness. Average drought resistance
Augustine	Late summer	4,5	Medium spreading	Single	Large (1.1 g), orange, sour	Winter hardiness. Average drought resistance
Elizabeth	Late	From 5 to 14	Compact	Hardly ever	Large (0.9 g), orange, juicy, sweet and sour taste with a slight hint of pineapple	Winter hardiness. High immunity to diseases. Pest resistance
Openwork	Early	5,6	Spreading	None	Large (up to 1 g), sour, bright orange	Frost resistance. Heat and drought resistance
Lakera	End of summer - beginning of autumn	10–15	Spreading	Available	Large (1–1.2 g), light orange, juicy, sour	Winter hardiness
Zlata	End of August	Stable	Slightly spreading	Available	Large (about 1 g), concentrated in the “cob”, sweet and sour, straw-egg color	Disease resistance
Naran	Early	12,6	Medium spreading	Single, thin, at the top of the shoots	Large (0.9 g), sweet and sour, pale orange, aromatic	Frost resistance

Important! To ensure there is no doubt about the purity of the variety of the purchased seedling, it is best to buy sea buckthorn in special nurseries or gardening centers, without the risk of taking young plants from your hands.

Low-growing varieties of sea buckthorn

The small height of the bushes of some varieties of sea buckthorn (up to 2.5 m) allows you to collect fruits without using auxiliary devices and ladders - most of the berries are at arm's length.

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Inya	Early	14	Spreading, sparse	Yes, but not enough	Large (up to 1 g), sweet and sour, aromatic, red-orange with a blurry “blush”	Winter hardiness
Amber	End of summer - beginning of autumn	10	Spreading, sparse	None	Large (0.9 g), amber-golden, sweet with “sourness”	Frost resistance
Druzhina	Early	10,6	Compressed	None	Large (0.7 g), sweet and sour, red-orange	Resistant to drying out and cold. Slightly affected by diseases and pests
Thumbelina	First half of August	20	Compact (up to 1.5 m high)	Yes, but not enough	Medium (about 0.7 g), sweet and sour with astringency, dark orange	Winter hardiness. Slightly affected by diseases and pests
Baikal Ruby	August 15–20	12,5	Compact, bush up to 1 m tall	Very little	Medium (0.5 g), coral color, sweet with pronounced “sourness”	Frost resistance.Practically not affected by pests and diseases
Moscow beauty	August 12–20	15	Compact	Yes, but not enough	Medium (0.6 g), intense orange color, dessert taste	Winter hardiness. Is immune to most diseases
Chulyshmanka	Late summer	10–17	Compact, wide oval	Very little	Medium (0.6 g), sour, bright orange	Drought resistance is average

Advice! It is best to trim the branches of the plant to form a crown in the spring - before the buds bloom on the sea buckthorn.

Sea buckthorn varieties with high frost resistance

Sea buckthorn is a northern berry, accustomed to the harsh and cold climate of Siberia and Altai. However, breeders have made efforts to develop varieties with record resistance to frosty winters and low temperatures.

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
golden cob	End of August	20–25	Compact (despite the fact that the tree is quite tall)	Yes, but not enough	Medium (0.5 g), orange with ruddy barrels, sour (for technical purposes)	Winter hardiness and disease resistance are high
Jam	Late summer	9–12	Oval-spreading	None	Large (0.8–0.9 g), sweet and sour, red-orange	Winter hardiness and drought resistance are high
Pepper	Average	7,7–12,7	Medium spreading	Average quantity	Medium (about 0.5 g), orange, shiny skin. Taste sour with pineapple aroma	Winter hardiness is high
Trofimovskaya	Beginning of September	10	Umbrella	Average quantity	Large (0.7 g), sweet and sour with pineapple flavor, dark orange	Winter hardiness is high
Gift of Katun	End of August	14–16	Oval, medium thickness	Little or not at all	Large (0.7 g), orange	Winter hardiness and disease resistance are high
Ayula	Early autumn	2–2,5	Round, medium thickness	None	Large (0.7 g), deep orange with a “blush”, sweet with “sourness”	Winter hardiness and disease resistance are high
Otradnaya	Average	13	Pyramidal, compressed	Available	Medium (0.6 g), sour, slightly aromatic, red with orange	Winter hardiness and disease resistance are high

Advice! It is best to plant sea buckthorn in the ground in early spring or autumn (the former is preferable). It must be remembered that this is a light-loving crop, so the place allocated for the bush should be unshaded and open.

Male varieties of sea buckthorn

Sea buckthorn is classified as a dioecious plant. Some bushes (“female”) produce exclusively pistillate flowers, which subsequently form fruits, while others (“male”) produce only staminate flowers, which produce pollen. Sea buckthorn is pollinated by the wind, so a necessary condition for female specimens to bear fruit is the presence of a male one growing nearby.

At first, young plants look the same. Differences become noticeable at 3–4 years, when flower buds begin to form.

Important! It is recommended to plant 1 male bush with 4–8 female bushes for pollination (the ratio depends on the sea buckthorn variety).

Currently, special “male” pollinator varieties have been bred that do not produce fruit, but generate a significant amount of pollen. One such plant in the garden for every 10–20 female bushes of a different variety will be enough.

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Aley	—	—	Powerful, spreading (tall bush)	None	Infertile	Resistance to pests and diseases. Winter hardiness
Dwarf	—	—	Compact (bush no higher than 2–2.5 m)	Yes, but not enough	Infertile	Resistance to pests and diseases. Winter hardiness

Warning! You can often hear statements that sea buckthorn varieties have already been developed that do not require pollinators.

In fact, this information is highly dubious. To date, not a single variety of this crop has been included in the State Register that would be considered self-fertile. The gardener should remain vigilant. It is possible that, under the guise of a self-pollinating sea buckthorn variety, he may be offered Eleven angustifolia (a related self-fertile plant), a prototype obtained as a result of mutations (but not a stable variety), or a female plant of any of the existing varieties with “male” ones grafted into the crown. shoots.

Systematization of varieties by fruit color

The berries of most varieties of sea buckthorn delight the eye with all shades of orange - from delicate, golden or flaxen, to bright, provocatively blazing with a reddish “blush”. However, there are several options that stand out from the general ranks. Varieties of sea buckthorn with red fruits, not to mention the lemon-green Herringbone, will become a true “highlight” of the garden plot, causing surprise and admiration for their unusual appearance.

Varieties of orange sea buckthorn

Examples of sea buckthorn varieties with orange berries include:

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Caprice	Average	7,2	Slightly spreading	Average quantity	Medium (about 0.7 g), deep orange, sweet with a slight “sourness,” aromatic
Turanskaya	Early	About 12	Medium spreading	None	Medium (0.6 g), sweet and sour, dark orange	Frost resistance. Slightly affected by pests
Sayana	Mid-early	11–16	Compact	Yes, but not enough	Medium (0.6 g), sweet with “sourness”, orange with scarlet “poles”	Winter hardiness. Fusarium resistance
Rostov anniversary	Average	5,7	Slightly spreading	Yes, but not enough	Large (0.6–0.9 g), sour with a sweet aftertaste, light orange, refreshing aroma	Increased resistance to drought, cold, diseases, pests
Lights of the Yenisei	Early	About 8.5	Medium spreading	Yes, but not enough	Medium (up to 0.6 g), sweet and sour, orange, refreshing aroma	Increased resistance to cold. Resistance to drought and heat is average
Golden Cascade	August 25–September 10	12,8	Spreading	None	Large (about 0.9 g), orange, sweet and sour, refreshing aroma	Winter hardiness. Slightly affected by endomycosis and sea buckthorn fly
Ayaganga	Second ten days of September	7–11 kg	Compact, round	Average quantity	Medium (0.55 g), deep orange	Winter hardiness. Resistance to sea buckthorn moth

Advice! Bright berries against a background of silver-green foliage give sea buckthorn bushes a beautiful decorative look - they can make a magnificent hedge.

Red-fruited sea buckthorn

There are few varieties of sea buckthorn with red fruits. The most famous of them:

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Red torch	Late	About 6	Slightly spreading	Single	Large (0.7 g), red with an orange tint, sweet and sour, with aroma	Resistance to frost, diseases, pests
Red-fruited	Early	Around 13	Medium spreading, slightly pyramidal	Available	Medium (0.6 g), red, sour, aromatic	Resistance to diseases and pests. Winter hardiness is average.
Rowan	Average	Until 6	Narrow pyramidal	Single	Dark red, shiny, aromatic, bitter	Resistance to fungal diseases
Siberian blush	Early	6	Very spreading	Average quantity	Medium (0.6 g), red with shine, sour	Winter hardiness. Average resistance to sea buckthorn fly

Sea buckthorn with lemon green berries

The beautiful Christmas tree will undoubtedly delight those who are interested not only in the harvest, but also in the original, creative design of the site. In this case, it is definitely worth purchasing and planting this rather rare variety. Its bush really resembles a small Christmas tree: it is approximately 1.5–1.8 m tall, the crown is compact and dense, and has a pyramidal shape. The silvery-green leaves are narrow and long, collected in whorls at the ends of the branches. The plant has no thorns.

The fruits of the Christmas tree ripen late - at the end of September. Its berries have a unique lemon-green color, but they are small and very sour in taste.

This variety of sea buckthorn is considered resistant to mycotic wilt, frost and temperature changes. It practically does not produce shoots.

Warning! The herringbone is considered an experimental variety obtained from seeds that have been exposed to chemical mutagens. It has not yet been included in the State Register. That is, the resulting form cannot be considered stable - and this means that testing and consolidation of characteristic features are still ongoing.

Classification of varieties by ripening time

The ripening time of sea buckthorn fruits varies from early August to late September.It directly depends on the variety and on the climatic conditions of the region in which the bush grows. The round shape of the berries and their bright, rich color are signs that it is time to harvest.

Important! Early spring and warm summer without rain will cause sea buckthorn fruits to ripen earlier than usual.

Early ripening

In the first half of August (and in some places even earlier - at the end of July), those varieties of sea buckthorn that are early ripening delight gardeners with berries.

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Cons	Very early (until mid-August)	14–25	Spreading, medium density	None	Large (0.7 g), sweet and sour, orange-yellow	Winter hardiness. Resistance to drying out
Zakharovskaya	Early	Around 9	Medium spreading	None	Medium (0.5 g), bright yellow, sweet with “sourness”, aromatic	Frost resistance. Resistance to diseases and pests
Nugget	Early	4–13	Wide round	Yes, but not enough	Large (about 7 g), red-yellow, sweet with a slight “sourness”	Weak resistance to wilting
Altai News	Early	4–12 (goes up to 27)	Spreading, round	None	Medium (0.5 g), yellow with crimson spots on the “poles”, sweet and sour	Resistance to wilting. Weak winter hardiness
Pearl oyster	Very early (until mid-August)	10	Oval	Very rare	Large (0.8 g), sweet and sour, bright orange	Winter hardiness
Etna	Early	To 10	Spreading	Yes, but not enough	Large (0.8–0.9 g), sweet and sour, reddish-orange	Winter hardiness is high. Weak resistance to mycosis and scab
Vitamin	Early	6–9	Compact, oval	Very rare	Medium (up to 0.6 g), yellowish-orange with a crimson spot, sour

Advice! If you plan to freeze sea buckthorn berries or eat them fresh, it is recommended to start picking as soon as they are ripe. By this time, the fruits already contain enough vitamins, but they still remain hard and do not leak juice.

Mid-season

Sea buckthorn varieties of medium ripeness ripen somewhat later. You can pick berries from the second half of August until the beginning of autumn. Examples include:

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Chanterelle	Average	15–20	Slightly spreading		Large (0.8 g), reddish-orange, aromatic, sweet	Resistance to diseases, pests, cold
Bead	Average	14	Very spreading	Single	Medium (about 0.5 g), orange, aromatic, sweet and sour	Drought resistance
Nivelena	Average	About 10	Slightly spreading, umbrella-shaped	Single	Medium (0.5 g), sour, aromatic, yellow-orange	Winter hardiness
In memory of Zakharova	Average	8–11	Spreading	None	Medium (0.5 g), sweet and sour, juicy, red	Winter hardiness. Resistance to gall mite, fusarium
Moscow transparent	Average	Up to 14	Broad pyramidal	Yes, but not enough	Large (0.8 g), amber-orange, juicy, sweet and sour, transparent flesh	Winter hardiness
Golden Cascade	Average	11,3	Very spreading	None	Large (0.8 g), aromatic, sweet and sour, deep orange	Frost resistance. Weakly affected by sea buckthorn fly and endomycosis
Pepper hybrid	Average	11–23	Oval, medium thickness	Yes, but not enough	Medium (0.66 g), sour, orange-red	Resistance to freezing and drying out

Important! If you plan to obtain oil from sea buckthorn berries, it is advisable to let them ripen on the branches for a couple of weeks - then the yield of the product will be higher.

Late ripening

Late-ripening varieties of sea buckthorn in some regions (mainly southern) are capable of producing crops even after the first frosts hit. Among them:

Sea buckthorn variety name	Ripening period	Productivity (kg per bush)	Crown shape	Spikes	Fruit	Resistance of the variety to extreme conditions, pests, diseases
Ryzhik	Late	12–14	Relatively spreading		Medium (0.6–0.8 g), reddish, sweet and sour, with aroma	Resistance to drying out, endomycosis, cold
Orange	Late	13–30	Round	Single	Medium (0.7 g), sweet and sour with tartness, bright orange
Zyryanka	Late	4–13	Round	Single	Medium (0.6–0.7 g), aromatic, sour, yellow-orange with spots of “blush”
Baltic surprise	Late	7,7	Very spreading	Few	Small (0.25–0.33 g), red-orange, aromatic, moderately sour	Frost resistance. Wilt resistance
Mendeleevskaya	Late	Up to 15	Spreading, dense		Medium (0.5–0.65 g), sweet and sour, dark yellow
Amber necklace	Late	Up to 14	Slightly spreading		Large (1.1 g), sweet and sour, light orange	Frost resistance. Resistance to drying out, endomycosis
Yakhontovaya	Late	9–10	Medium spreading	Yes, but not enough	Large (0.8 g), reddish with “dots”, sweet and sour with a delicate taste	Resistance to diseases and pests. Winter hardiness

Classification of varieties by date of registration in the State Register

Another option for the conditional division of varieties is suggested by the State Register.The first “by seniority” in it are those with whom the miraculous transformation of wild sea buckthorn began, through the efforts of scientists, step by step bringing it into line with the desires and needs of man. And those opposite which new dates are displayed are the best examples of the achievements of breeding science at the present stage.

Old varieties of sea buckthorn

Sea buckthorn varieties bred by breeders in the second half of the last century can be conditionally classified as “old”. However, a significant part of them have not lost popularity to this day:

Chuyskaya (1979);
Giant, Superb (1987);
Ayaganga, Aley (1988);
Sayana, Zyryanka (1992);
Botanical Amateur, Moskvichka, Perchik, Panteleevskaya (1993);
Beloved (1995);
Otradnaya (1997);
Nivelen (1999).

Professional farmers and amateur gardeners still value these varieties for their healing qualities, high content of vitamins and nutrients, winter hardiness and drought resistance, proven over the years. Many of them are large-fruited, tasty, aromatic, look decorative and produce a good harvest. Due to this, they continue to successfully compete with new varieties and are in no hurry to give up their positions.

New varieties of sea buckthorn

Over the past ten years, the list of the State Register has been supplemented by many interesting varieties of sea buckthorn, demonstrating the latest achievements of breeders. For example, we can name some of them, the characteristics of which have already been given above:

Yakhontovaya (2017);
Essel (2016);
Sokratovskaya (2014);
Jam, Pearl (2011);
Augustine (2010);
Openwork, Lights of the Yenisei (2009);
Gnome (2008).

As can be seen, emphasis was placed on eliminating many of the shortcomings inherent in earlier varieties.Modern hybrids are distinguished by better resistance to diseases, unfavorable climate and environmental conditions. Their fruits are larger and more palatable, and the yield is higher. Low growth of bushes and more compact crowns are also a priority, which allows you to plant a larger number of plants in a limited area. The absence of thorns on the branches and the not too dense arrangement of berries sitting on long stalks greatly simplifies caring for the bush and harvesting. All this, undoubtedly, pleases connoisseurs of sea buckthorn and attracts to it the attention of those farmers who previously preferred not to plant this plant on the site, fearing the difficulties associated with its cultivation.

How to choose the right variety

You need to choose a sea buckthorn variety for your own garden carefully and carefully. It is necessary to take into account the climatic characteristics of the region, take into account the winter hardiness of the plant and its resistance to drought, pests and diseases. It is equally important to pay attention to the yield, growth and compactness of the bush, taste, size and intended purpose of the fruit. Then the choice will almost certainly be successful.

Important! If possible, it is recommended to plant varieties of local origin on the site.

The best varieties of sea buckthorn for the Moscow region

For successful cultivation in the Moscow region, it is advisable to select sea buckthorn varieties that are not afraid of temperature changes characteristic of this region - a sharp alternation of winter frosts with prolonged thaws.

Excellent options for gardens in the Moscow region would be:

Botanical;
Botanical aromatic;
Rowan;
Pepper;
Darling;
Muscovite;
Trofimovskaya;
Otradnaya.

Important! Sea buckthorn can be propagated by shoots - in this case, the young plant will inherit all the varietal characteristics of the mother plant.

Sea buckthorn varieties without thorns for the Moscow region

Separately, I would like to highlight varieties of sea buckthorn without thorns or with a small number of them, suitable for the Moscow region:

Augustine;
Moscow beauty;
Botanical amateur;
Giant;
Vatutinskaya;
Nivelena;
Gift to the garden;
Excellent.

Advice! Leaves and young thin twigs of sea buckthorn can also be collected and dried - in winter they make an excellent vitamin tea.

The best varieties of sea buckthorn for Siberia

The main criterion when selecting sea buckthorn varieties for cultivation in Siberia is frost resistance. It should be taken into account that varieties that are resistant to cold may freeze after the onset of a thaw and do not tolerate summer heat well.

Recommended for cultivation in Siberia:

Altai News;
Chuyskaya;
Siberian blush;
Orange;
Panteleevskaya;
Golden Cob;
Sayana.

Advice! To transport sea buckthorn fruits immediately after harvesting, it is recommended to cut off the densely covered shoots entirely and then stack them one on top of the other in wooden boxes. This way, sea buckthorn will remain fresh and whole longer compared to berries that are transported and stored in bulk.

Varieties of thornless sea buckthorn for Siberia

Among the thornless or low-thorn varieties of sea buckthorn, the following are well suited for Siberia:

Darling;
Nugget;
Chechek;
Solar;
Minus;
Giant;
In memory of Zakharova;
Altai.

Advice! In regions with a sharply continental climate, sea buckthorn fruits are often harvested after the first frost has struck, in cloudy weather - then they can be easily torn from the branches.

The best varieties of sea buckthorn for the Urals

In the Urals, as in Siberia, wild sea buckthorn grows freely, so the climate is well suited for varieties that can withstand sharp drops in temperature and lack of moisture. Sea buckthorn shrubs recommended for planting in this region are distinguished by their frost resistance, productivity, and medium or large fruits:

Giant;
Otradnaya;
Elizabeth;
Chanterelle;
Chuyskaya;
Ryzhik;
Inya;
Excellent;
Solar;
Amber necklace.

Important! If you choose the right sea buckthorn variety, zoned for the Ural region, you can regularly obtain stable, generous harvests (up to 15–20 kg per bush).

The best varieties of sea buckthorn for central Russia

Sea buckthorn varieties of European breeding are well suited for central Russia (as well as for the Moscow region). Despite the rather mild climate, winters here are often harsh and not very snowy, and summers may well be dry and hot. European varieties tolerate sudden temperature changes better than Siberian ones.

Well established in this region:

Augustine;
Nivelena;
Botanical amateur;
Giant;
Vatutinskaya;
Vorobievskaya;
Moscow pineapple;
Rowan;
Pepper hybrid;
Zyryanka.

Important! Resistance to fungal diseases in sea buckthorn varieties of European selection is, as a rule, relatively high, which is also very important for the climate of the middle zone.

The video will tell you in more detail how to care for sea buckthorn in the middle zone, what to feed it, what problems you most often encounter:

Conclusion

Sea buckthorn varieties for a personal plot should be selected taking into account the climatic and weather conditions of the region where they will grow.A large selection of options allows you to find, among the achievements of modern selection bred for a specific zone, the ideal combination of qualities that satisfies the needs of the most demanding gardeners. The main thing is to carefully familiarize yourself with the characteristics of the varieties and take into account their strengths and weaknesses, so that caring for sea buckthorn is not a burden, and the harvests delight you with generosity and stability.

Reviews

Dmitry Timofeevich Kaveshnikov, 56 years old, Novoaltaysk

I grow two varieties of sea buckthorn - Inya and Chuyskaya. Both bear fruit, but not abundantly - the pollinator, the “male” Alei tree, is fifty meters away on the neighboring plot. I’m not happy with the frost, I’ll pick it up - the berries are sour and tasteless. But Chuyskaya is good, sweet. Next year I will ask my neighbors for a couple of cuttings from a pollinator - I want to graft them into the crown of my tree. I hope that the harvest will be larger.

Anna Rostislavovna Krinitsyna, 43 years old, Zhukovsky

Several times I tried to take the shoots from my sea buckthorn (sweet, large fruits, but I don’t know the variety) to my sister in Samara. Nothing worked. Although, it seems, I dug up the bushes on the eve of the trip, and wrapped the roots with a damp cloth and wrapped them in cellophane on top... They didn’t take root. Until they told me that the root system of sea buckthorn is weak and the problem is probably that it simply does not have time to prepare for winter. They advised to dig up the shoots in the spring and plant them in pots, and at the end of summer take them directly to Samara and plant them in open ground there. In fact, I got used to it the first time. So I’m very grateful to my friend who gave me wise advice.

Sea buckthorn varieties: thornless, high-yielding, low-growing, early-ripening