What does a black breast look like?

Milk mushrooms have been collected in forests since the times of Kievan Rus. During the same period of time, they received their name due to the characteristics of their growth.The photo and description of the black milk mushroom indicate that it grows in clusters. The mushroom is valued for its taste and ease of collection. If a clearing is found, then you can fill a whole basket there.

Black milk mushroom: photo and description

An experienced mushroom picker knows all the edible and poisonous mushrooms of his region. And beginners will need time to correctly recognize which mycelium they have come across. This is a conditionally edible mushroom belonging to the Milky genus and the Russula family. Also received the names “chernushka” and “gypsy”.

What does a black breast look like: photo and description

It grows upright and in small groups. The appearance is clearly shown in the photo of the black mushroom mushroom. He is identified by:

1. Hat. Regular round shape in diameter from 7 to 15, less often 20 cm. Funnel-shaped with edges slightly curved inward and straightened in old mushrooms. It is dark olive or dark yellow in color. Unevenly colored. The center of the funnel is always a couple of shades darker. Concentric circles of color transition may be visible. At high humidity it becomes slimy and sticky, smooth.
2. Leg. The height is from 3 to 8 cm, and the thickness is 1.5-3 cm. It tapers slightly towards the bottom. The color is uniform whitish. With age, a cavity appears inside.
3. Plates. The inside of the cap is occupied by thin white fork-type plates. They fit snugly to the leg.
4. Pulp. It turns gray quite quickly when cut. When fresh, it is white, dense, but crumbles easily. Old mushrooms may be eaten away by worms. Contains white juice with a pungent taste.

Varieties of black milk mushrooms

Several similar species are found in forests:

1. Real – a very tasty mushroom with a fleshy white cap. There is fringe along the edges; the cap may have a yellowish tint or red spots.Grows near birch and linden trees in deciduous forests.
2. Aspen - an edible mushroom that settles near aspens and poplars. It has a white cap and stem, and the plates are pinkish. Very rare.
3. Yellow – delicious, is a double of a real milk mushroom. It is distinguished by small dots on the caps and a bright golden color. Selects coniferous and fir forests for growth.
4. Oak - an edible mushroom with yellowish caps on a white, smooth stalk. They grow in hazel thickets and oak forests.
5. Dry or loaded white - aromatic russula with a white-cream cap and brown streaks. Found in mixed forests, birch and oak groves.

Mushrooms that look like black milk mushrooms

The Milky family includes several types of mushrooms, all of them differ in color, so it is very difficult to confuse them with each other. The black loader is most similar to it. But it's not that dark. It is important to distinguish the black mushroom from the milk mushroom or another double or false mushroom, so as not to collect too much and not put your health at risk.

The following similar mushrooms can be found in the forest:

1. Peppery - looks like a milk mushroom and grows in the same forests, but has a white cap. White juice has a pronounced peppery taste. It is used only when salted and after long soaking. When dried, it is used as a seasoning.
2. Camphor – grows in coniferous forests among moss. It has a small cap up to 5–6 cm, reddish-brown in color. The leg and plates are pinkish. If it is broken, a strong smell of sweet clover or camphor will appear.
3. Violin – fell in love with birch groves and oak forests. The cap is up to 25 cm in diameter and white. The leg is short, almost completely hidden in the ground. Distinguished by the hairiness on the cap. Can be eaten after long soaking.
4. Golden milky – has a yellow-red colored cap, found in mixed and coniferous forests. The pulp is creamy. Use after soaking only as pickles or in a marinade.

How to distinguish black mushroom from other mushrooms

Mushroom pickers notice that poisonous mushrooms over time mimic their edible counterparts. Poisonings are becoming more frequent, so it is very important to be able to recognize a poisonous mushroom. Most often, mushroom pickers try to distinguish between black milk mushrooms or pig mushrooms, their false counterpart.

An edible mushroom can be identified by three signs:

1. They only grow straight.
2. The plates are attached to the leg evenly.
3. The plates are only light in color.

The most difficult thing is to distinguish it from its poisonous counterparts. Dangerous mushrooms look like this:

1. Pig, recognized as dangerous due to its tendency to accumulate toxic substances in large quantities, often grows near the mycelium of milk mushrooms. It is distinguished by its larger cap diameter of up to 20 cm. Its shape is flatter and convex with a curved edge. The color is predominantly yellow-brown with a rare deviation towards an olive tone. The leg tapers slightly and is shifted to the side, up to 9 cm in length. The flesh has a brown tint. The plates run down the stem and turn brown when touched.
2. False black breast The photo will help you see its differences. The diameter of the cap is up to 12 cm, it is fleshy and dense, and may have a small tubercle. As the mushroom grows, its cap becomes bare. The color is reddish or dirty pink. The plates are beige with a pink or orange tint. The leg becomes hollow as it grows. The pulp is yellow with a red tint.

Where do black milk mushrooms grow?

The mycelium lives in symbiosis with the roots of birch trees and other higher plants. They prefer to grow in birch groves, spruce forests and mixed forests. It is not easy to find black milk mushrooms in the forest based on the photo.They live in large groups on a bed of grass or moss. They are found along old forest roads, clearings, and mountain slopes. Choose well-lit places.

Blends well with the environment. They can be covered on top with fallen leaves, earth and blades of grass.

Black milk mushroom harvest season

The first mushrooms begin to be collected in July. And the last ones - in mid-October, when the first frosts occur. They grow most massively during August-September.

Black mushrooms are collected after light rains. At other times, you can find old wormy mushrooms. It is also not recommended to collect them after heavy rain, as they are less tasty. Place them in a basket, carefully cutting them off so as not to damage the mycelium. They cannot be compacted as they are brittle and brittle.

Is black milk mushroom edible or not?

Research by scientists has determined that it contains nekathorine, a toxic mutagen. Its concentration in the raw product is up to 20 mg/kg. Heat treatment destroys the substance by 75%. For this reason, there is a question: is black milk mushroom edible? Some sources say it should not be eaten.

There are no signs of poisoning. It is believed that nekatorin accumulates in the body and can act for a long time. However, there are studies that have not confirmed the mutagenicity of necatorine and have not recognized this substance as harmful.

Black milk mushroom: benefits and harm

Regular consumption of mushrooms is beneficial for the body. According to observations and research, the beneficial properties of black milk mushroom are as follows:

1. Anti-inflammatory effect. Present in salted products as a result of fermentation processes.When treating purulent inflammations, it is consumed 3 times a week.
2. Treatment and prevention of liver diseases, including kidney stones.
3. A source of nutrients for recovery from illness.
4. When exhausted, it quickly replenishes the body's energy reserves.
5. Calming effect on the nervous system due to the increased content of vitamin B. It is eaten as a cure for depression, prevention of nervous breakdowns, and mood swings.
6. Improved skin and hair condition thanks to vitamin D.
7. The benefit of black milk mushrooms is that it is a source of protein; there is more of it in the dried product than in meat.
8. The amount of calcium is approximately the same as in prunes and raisins.
9. Inhibits the spread of tuberculosis bacillus.
10. Psilocin is used to treat alcoholism and memory loss.
11. Salted milk mushrooms stimulate the cleaning of blood vessels and have an anti-sclerotic effect.
12. Prevention of diabetes and assistance in the fight against excess weight.

The harm from black milk mushroom lies in poisoning. It can be caused by:

1. Consumption of nigella in very large quantities.
2. Errors when preparing dishes, microorganisms getting into preserved food.
3. Stomach diseases. Since mushrooms are heavy food, they should not burden a sore stomach and intestines.
4. Picking mushrooms in environmentally polluted places. The breast, like a sponge, absorbs and accumulates radioactive elements, heavy metals and other chemical compounds. Mushrooms collected during the dry season are especially dangerous.

People with allergies should try this dish carefully.

Is it possible to eat black milk mushroom?

Nigella is classified as conditionally edible due to the presence of caustic juice, which comes out of the pulp through prolonged soaking. The benefits of black milk mushrooms are explained by their composition.They contain a lot of carbohydrates, protein, fiber, vitamins C, D, PP, B1 and B2, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and sodium.

Which milk mushrooms taste better: black or white?

The white milk mushroom is distinguished by the white color of the cap from the black one. This mushroom belongs to the first category - edible. They differ in taste:

• white is more pungent and tart, and black is watery;
• when pickling, black gives more juice, and brine is added to white;
• black requires more spices;
• white is more difficult to clean and cook.

To decide which mushroom tastes better, you need to try it. Those who know how to cook milk mushrooms correctly eat both.

How to process black milk mushrooms

Despite the fact that milk mushrooms are very tasty, they require careful processing and preparation before eating. If you skip the preparatory measures, eating the mushroom will not be tasty.

How to clean black milk mushrooms

Due to its fragility, clean carefully. Freshly picked black milk mushrooms are washed under water, carefully washing off the adhering grass, soil, and sand from the caps. These inclusions will ruin any dish. A large mushroom can be cut into several parts. They sort the mushrooms for the presence of rot and worms. This product is discarded.

How long to soak black milk mushrooms

Black milk mushrooms are classified as milkweeds. It contains bitter and unpleasant juice. You can remove it from the mushroom by soaking it. Ideally, they should be soaked for 3 days before cooking. The harvested crop is washed under running water and then left in cold water. It is changed regularly, about 3 times a day. This way harmful substances are removed faster. After the procedure, let the water drain and dry the mushrooms. Before frying, the soaking time can be reduced to 2 days.

How long to cook black milk mushrooms

The product is boiled before frying. Usually only the caps are used in the recipe. After washing and soaking, it is enough to cook the black mushroom for 5 minutes after boiling, changing the water twice. After the water has drained and the mushrooms have cooled, the black milk mushroom can be eaten or cooked in any other way.

What to cook from black milk mushrooms

The mushroom has high taste qualities. Cooks offer many recipes with it, but pickling remains the main one. Heat treatment allows you to eat black milk mushrooms without fear of poisoning.

In addition to marinade, they, like all agaric mushrooms, are suitable for hot or cold pickling, canning, and preparing second courses. Freshly picked milk mushrooms are fried and eaten immediately. You can cook soup. The disadvantage of this type is the long soaking process, which extends the process of their preparation for at least 2 days.

Conclusion

Photos and descriptions of black milk mushroom indicate that it is a tasty mushroom, well suited for marinades and pickling. It always grows in a crowd, but hides well. It is enough to find one clearing to completely fill the basket. It is difficult to confuse it with other mushrooms and milk mushrooms due to the dark color of the cap. Requires mandatory soaking to get rid of bitterness.

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