Content
The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree is a frost-resistant dessert variety that is suitable for regions with cold winters. The good keeping quality of the fruit and the ability to withstand transportation over long distances makes it suitable not only for home but also industrial cultivation.
The Krasa Sverdlovsk variety is suitable for home and industrial cultivation
History of selection
At the end of the 70s, breeders in the city of Sverdlovsk were tasked with breeding a large-fruited variety of apples suitable for cultivation in the Southern and Middle Urals. The specialists coped with the task, creating the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree in 1979. The culture was presented at the All-Union gardeners' seminar in 1979, and registered in the State Register in 1992.
Description of the apple tree variety Krasa Sverdlovsk with photo
The Krasa apple tree of Sverdlovsk is a tall tree, similar in appearance to other representatives of this culture.But there are also some distinctive features.
Appearance of fruit and tree
The tree reaches a height of 3-4 m. The width of the crown varies from 2.5 to 4 m. The branches are crooked and spreading. Individual shoots are located at an obtuse angle to the crown, which gives it a rounded shape. With age, the crown becomes too thick, so it has to be thinned out. The annual growth of branches is 30-60 cm.
The bark is rough and brown. The fruits are large, broadly rounded, slightly narrowed downward. The average weight of one apple is 140-150 g. The color of apples at technical maturity is yellow-green, at the stage of full ripeness it is dark red. The peel is smooth and shiny.
The weight of one apple is 140-150 g
Lifespan
When grown in suitable climatic conditions and properly cared for, the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree variety will grow and bear fruit for 25-30 years.
Considering the fact that after 25 years the yield decreases, it is recommended to promptly replace old trees with new ones. The lifespan of a slate apple tree is about 20 years.
Taste
The apple pulp is juicy, fine-grained, pale cream in color. The taste qualities of the variety are assessed as high. The fruits are sweet, with slight sourness and light spicy notes.
The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple variety retains its taste throughout the entire storage period.
Growing regions
The Krasa Sverdlovsk variety was created for cultivation in the Southern and Middle Urals. However, very soon he won the love of gardeners in different regions. Currently, in addition to the Urals, the Beauty of Sverdlovsk is grown in the Central regions of Russia and the Volga region. The variety does well in Altai and Western Siberia, where mainly slate apple trees are grown.
Productivity
Gardeners assess the productivity of the Kras Sverdlovsk apple tree as average. Regular fruiting begins at 6-7 years of tree life. The harvest from one mature apple tree is 70-100 kg.
The harvest from one tree is 70-100 kg
Frost resistance
The degree of frost resistance of the Krasa Sverdlovsk variety is assessed as average. Mature trees normally tolerate temperature drops to -25 °C.
Resistance to diseases and pests
The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree has good immunity against many diseases. However, cold climates and high humidity sometimes cause fungal diseases. One of these is scab.
The presence of the disease can be determined by brown spots on the fruits and leaves. To prevent scab in the fall, remove all leaves from the garden. The disease is treated with the drugs “Horus” and “Raek”. Treatment is carried out before or after the flowering period.
Fungicides are used to treat scab
The apple tree is also plagued by aphids - small insects that feed on the juice of fruits and leaves. These pests are controlled with fungicides.
Aphids feed on tree sap
Flowering period and ripening period
The flowering period of the Sverdlovsk Kras apple tree is in May. A characteristic feature of the variety is the ability of the fruits to ripen after being picked from the branches. Therefore, apples are harvested when they are not fully ripe. The harvest is harvested in early autumn.
Pollinators for the apple tree Krasa Sverdlovsk
Krasa Sverdlovska is a self-fertile variety; to obtain a decent harvest, pollinating trees must grow in the garden plot, the flowering period of which coincides with the period of the Krasa Sverdlovska variety.
Transportation and keeping quality
The dense skin and the absence of mechanical damage (the fruits are able to remain on the branches until harvested) make the Krasa Sverdlovsk variety suitable for transportation over long distances. Apples of this variety are characterized by good keeping quality and retain their decorative and taste qualities until April and May of the next season.
Advantages and disadvantages
The Kras Sverdlovsk apple tree has many more advantages than disadvantages.
Advantages:
- good decorative and taste qualities of fruits;
- long shelf life;
- good transportability;
- stable yield;
- resistance of unripe fruits to falling.
Flaws:
- the variety does not have good frost resistance;
- mandatory presence of pollinating trees.
Apples of this variety retain their taste for a long time
Landing
The Kras Sverdlovsk apple tree can be planted in spring or autumn. Spring planting is preferable in regions with frosty winters. In areas with a milder climate, this apple tree variety can be planted in September-October.
Ideally, seedlings should be purchased immediately before planting.
They have to:
- be one-year or two-year-old;
- have an intact root system (it is better to give preference to specimens with closed roots);
- have strong flexible shoots without mechanical damage,
It is advisable to choose a place for the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree that is level, well-lit and protected from cold winds. The soil should be well-drained and fertile. Clay soil is diluted with sand, and lime is added to soil that is too acidic.
During the landing process:
- make a hole 80 cm deep and wide, put drainage on the bottom;
- Wood ash, compost and mineral fertilizers are added to the soil of the upper fertile layer;
- the resulting mixture is poured onto the bottom of the hole;
- the seedling is placed in the center of the hole, the roots are carefully straightened;
- cover the tree with the remaining soil, leaving the root collar 5-6 cm above the soil surface;
- the soil in the root zone is compacted, forming a small depression for irrigation;
- tie the seedling to a support (peg) installed nearby and water it;
- To better retain moisture, the soil in the root zone is mulched with sawdust or chopped dry grass.
The distance between tall trees should be 4-5 m, and between dwarf trees - 2-3.
The seedling is placed in the center of the hole
Growing and care
In order for the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree to develop normally and produce a good harvest, you need to provide it with proper care.
The first and most important rule is to moisten the soil. The rate and frequency of watering the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree depend on weather conditions and the age of the tree. So, annual seedlings are watered at least once a week, and older trees - about once a month.
If mineral fertilizers were added to the soil during planting of the seedling, then it is not necessary to feed the apple tree for the first two years.
From the third year of life, the tree will need fertilizing with complex mineral fertilizers: in the spring before the start of sap flow, before the flowering period and after it. After harvesting, the Kras Sverdlovsk apple tree is fed with organic fertilizers.
A necessary condition for normal development and fruiting is regular pruning of branches:
- the next year after planting, the growing point is pinched for the subsequent formation of side shoots;
- from the third year of life, every spring they perform formative pruning, which is the shortening of last year's shoots to create a spherical crown shape.
Apple tree Krasa Sverdlovsk is a frost-resistant variety. However, young seedlings should be protected from winter cold. To do this, the tree trunk is wrapped in burlap, agro-fabric or thick cardboard. The soil in the root zone is covered with a thick layer of mulch.
In spring, formative pruning of apple trees is performed.
Collection and storage
The harvest of apples of the Krasa Sverdlovsk variety begins in September. The variety has the ability to ripen after picking, so apples for storage and transportation are picked unripe, having a yellow-green color rather than red. It is better to choose wooden or plastic containers for storing fruits.
Only whole fruits are selected for storage. Deformed ones are best used soon.
It is better to store apples in wooden or plastic containers.
Conclusion
The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree is rightfully considered one of the best winter varieties. The excellent taste of the fruits, combined with their long shelf life, can be a good motivation for growing this crop in your garden.
Reviews
