Apple tree varieties for the Leningrad region and the North-West: description of which one to plant

Content

1 Which apple tree variety to choose
2 The best varieties of apple trees for the Leningrad region
3 Conclusion
4 Reviews of apple tree varieties for the Leningrad region

Apple tree varieties for the Leningrad region must meet the climatic characteristics of the region in their characteristics. The main direction of breeding work is the creation of varieties that are winter-hardy, with high immunity, adapted to temperature changes, with a short period of fruit ripening and good keeping quality.

Which apple tree variety to choose

The Leningrad region is located in the Atlantic-continental climate zone. Due to sea air currents, winters are relatively mild, with frequent thaws. Summers are often cool, with an average temperature of +18-20 °C. But the humidity is quite high at any time of the year.All these factors do not allow the cultivation of any variety of the crop, so special winter-hardy and long-life apple varieties were created for the North-West.

Apples of all varieties for the Leningrad region have a high tasting rating, are stored for a long time without losing their presentation

The shelf life of fruits plays an important role when choosing a seedling. Most autumn and winter fruits do not have time to reach biological ripeness naturally; the fruits are picked before the onset of frost, and they ripen for a certain time.

Return frosts during sap flow lead to damage to wood fibers and death of fruit buds; these factors were also taken into account when creating apple trees for the Leningrad region. All varieties calmly react to temperature changes and retain the ability to bear fruit regardless of climatic conditions.

High humidity during cool summers promotes the development of fungal diseases; in varieties for the North-West, high resistance to infections is inherent at the genetic level.

Important! When choosing a seedling, pay attention to the fact that it is zoned in the Leningrad region or specially created for it.

The apple tree must be characterized by:

winter hardiness;
adaptability of fruit buds, buds and flowers to sudden changes in temperature;
stable fruiting;
stable immunity;
the ability to quickly regenerate wood;
short ripening period;
good keeping quality.

All these qualities are present in apple trees specially bred for the Leningrad region. To provide yourself with fresh fruit all year round, it is recommended to plant several types of early, mid and late harvest.

The best varieties of apple trees for the Leningrad region

According to the time of ripening, trees are classified into summer, winter, and autumn. They taste sweet, sour and sweet. There are also self-fertile ones or those requiring pollinating neighbors. Shape: tall, medium-sized or dwarf. There are also groups of apple trees that bloom already in the third year of growing season and varieties that produce the first fruits only in the 5th-6th year of growth. Below is a general overview of the most popular specimens for the Leningrad region.

Winter-hardy apple tree varieties for the North-West

This category includes varieties that can withstand low temperatures without loss and are not afraid of spring frosts and winter thaws. The best of them are discussed below.

Baltika

Baltika is a tall apple tree with a spreading, rounded crown. Harvest in mid-September. It begins to bear fruit in the fifth year of the growing season. The productivity of an adult tree is 180-220 kg. The fruits are sweet and sour, light yellow with pink streaks and pale blush, round. Shelf life is two months.

The average weight of fruits in Baltika is 150 g

Iedzen

Iedzenu is a late hybrid of Latvian selection. Fruits are picked at the stage of technical ripeness; they ripen in artificially created conditions for 1.5-2 months. They retain their marketable appearance and nutritional value until the end of May. Begins to bear fruit in the fourth year of growth. The apple tree is tall, with a compact spherical crown. Fruits with a bumpy surface, sweet and sour, juicy, dark red, weighing up to 180 g.

Iedzenu is transportable and suitable for commercial cultivation

Beauty of Sverdlovsk

Krasa Sverdlovsk is an ideal winter-hardiness variety for the Leningrad region; it is a late, medium-sized apple tree with stable immunity to fungal infections.The fruits are yellow-green with a large bright red blush, weighing 160-180 g, round. They keep well until May. The height of the tree is suitable for mechanized harvesting; it is grown in the Leningrad region on an industrial scale.

Productivity from the Krasa Sverdlovsk tree – 70-80 kg

Sweet varieties of apple trees for the North-West

Sweet fruits in the Leningrad region include varieties in the fruits of which the concentration of sugars is 2.5 times higher than the content of acids. In a climate with a deficiency of ultraviolet radiation, it is difficult to grow completely sweet ones. Below are the most delicious varieties of apples in this category for the Leningrad region.

Belarusian sweet

The apple tree is early ripening, fruiting begins in the third year of the growing season. Late, in order for the taste to fully develop, it requires ripening for 30-40 days in sufficient light.

Important! The apple tree is picky about the planting site; only the southern part of the site, protected from the north wind, is allocated for it.

The tree is low-growing with a compact crown. This is a good option for small areas. Productivity up to 80 kg.

The Belarusian sweet apples are round, dark red, with creamy fine-grained pulp, weighing up to 130 g

Caramel

Caramel is one of the early summer hybrids. The fruits fully ripen in mid-August. Shelf life is short. The tree is tall - 5-6 m, compact. Fruiting is stable, up to 100 kg are harvested. For tall crops, the indicator is average; there are a lot of fruits, but they are small, weighing 80-110 g.

The color is yellow with scarlet areas, the aroma is pronounced, vaguely reminiscent of the smell of spring honey

Robin

The robin is a tall tree with a loose spreading crown. The yield is unstable, one year you can take up to 200 kg, the next about 100 kg. Neighbors are required - pollinators of autumn ripening.It bears fruit in the sixth year, the apples are medium-sized, but very juicy, tasty, aromatic, round, bright crimson.

Weight of Robin fruits – 70-90 g

Summer (early) varieties of apple trees for the Leningrad region

Early varieties in the Leningrad region include varieties that ripen from early August to September. During this time, they manage to ripen completely and are characterized by a sweet and sour taste and juicy pulp. The disadvantage of summer varieties is their short shelf life and the ability to crumble if the harvest is not harvested on time. Common early varieties for the North-West include the following apple trees.

Orlovim

Orlovim is a fairly old variety; it has been grown for more than 40 years. The tree is pyramidal, compact, tall. It begins to bear fruit fully in the Leningrad region in the seventh year. The harvest is high - up to 250 kg. The apples are large, some specimens grow up to 250-300 g. The taste is closer to sweet with slight acidity, juicy. They do not store for a long time; after two weeks they lose their presentation. Ideal for processing into juice.

The fruit is yellow-green with dark red streaks.

Auxis

Auxis is an early ripening Baltic hybrid. A low-growing, compact apple tree produces up to 180 kg of harvest. The fruits are juicy, tasty, aromatic, slightly flattened in shape. The color of the peel is dark yellow with a bright pink blush. The variety is self-fertile with long-term harvest storage, transportable, and suitable for mechanized harvesting.

Auxis apples weighing – 130-150 g

Mantet

Mantet is a variety from Canada, adapted to the climate of the Leningrad region. The first harvest is harvested in the fourth year of growth. A medium-sized apple tree with a loose dome-shaped shape, with a low-set first circle of skeletal branches.The fruits are light green with pale pink stripes, with a balanced taste, juicy and aromatic, suitable for processing for the winter.

Mantet fruit weight – 90-100 g

Winter (late) varieties of apple trees for the North-West

The harvest of late varieties of apple trees, suitable for the Leningrad region, is harvested in mid-October; it must be done before the first frost. The apples do not have time to ripen completely and reach biological ripeness when picked. The advantage of such apple trees is their high winter hardiness, long shelf life and good taste. The range of winter apple varieties for the Leningrad region is small; preference is mainly given to the following: Moskovskoe, Solnyshko, Antey.

Moskovskoe

The apple tree is tall, spreading, with a dense crown, requiring constant pruning and shaping until the first flowering. The harvest is produced at the age of seven years; the fruits retain their nutritional value and marketable appearance until mid-spring. This is one of the varieties with a good shelf life.

Apples are yellow-green with pink areas, weighing 200 g

Sun

Sunflower is a fairly common variety in areas of the North-West. Withstands record low winter temperatures. The apple tree is medium-sized, compact, with absolute resistance to fungal diseases. The fruits are large, 150-200 g, cone-shaped, yellow-green with a slight pink area, sweet and sour. Shelf life after harvesting is four months.

Sunshine's yield is 180 kg per tree

Antey

Antaeus is a tree for a small area: low-growing, self-fertile, compact crown. Large apples are picked at the end of October. It takes two months to ripen. The fruits of biological ripeness are bright crimson, spherical, juicy, sweet and sour. They stay until April. Productivity up to 60 kg.

Weight of apples – 150-180 g

Autumn varieties of apple trees for the North-West

Autumn is the most optimal ripening period for the climatic conditions of the region. Autumn varieties bloom later than the early ones and ripen in early October. They hold up well, only improving their presentation and taste over time. This category is quite diverse; below are autumn apple trees for the Leningrad region with a time-tested reputation and positive feedback from gardeners.

Star

Asterisk is a medium-sized apple tree with a dense, compact crown. The first flowering occurs in the third year of the growing season. Harvest in mid-September. One tree consistently produces 100-130 kg. They stay until April. Apples with a predominance of sugars in taste, juicy, aromatic, round in shape, weighing 130-150 g.

Important! The variety is not self-fertile; it needs pollinators and is an ideal option for other autumn apple trees.

The main background color of the star's peel is dark burgundy with yellow-green small areas

Aelita

Aelita is a tall apple tree with a narrow pyramidal crown. Productivity 150 kg. Harvested in mid-September. Apples last for five months. The fruits are round with a pronounced bright pink blush on a light background. Weight – 150 g.

Aelita begins to bear fruit from the seventh year of vegetation

Antonovka golden

Antonovka golden is a large-fruited variety, apples grow up to 250-300 g, this is the brightest yellow variety of all grown in the Leningrad region. The tree is tall with a spreading loose crown. Every year it produces a harvest of up to 200-250 kg.

Antonovka golden enters reproductive age in its seventh year

Low-growing varieties of apple trees for the Leningrad region

Low-growing apple trees are those whose natural shape does not exceed 3 m in height.This category includes columnar and dwarf hybrids.

Ladoga

Ladoga is a variety of local selection with a fast fruiting period, the first flowering occurs in the third growing season. The crown is compact, dome-shaped. Up to 150 kg of apples are taken from a small tree. Fruits weighing up to 130 g are harvested in the second half of September. They stay until April.

The peel is greenish with a pale pink blush, the taste has slight acidity

Dream

According to its characteristics, Mechta is the best dwarf apple tree variety for the Leningrad region. It grows up to 2.5 m, the crown is very dense, compact, due to the high yield and large fruits, up to 150 kg are taken from the tree. It blooms in the second growing season and reaches its peak in the fourth. The summer variety produces apples weighing up to 350 g. The taste is closer to sweet, the flesh is juicy and white.

The fruits of Mechta have a light yellow peel, with a pronounced burgundy area on the south side

Arbat

Arbat is a columnar apple tree that grows up to 1.8 m. The yield is constant, at least 18 kg. It does not get sick, does not require pruning, and overwinters quietly. The apples are small, rarely exceed 70 g, ripen in October, and last until mid-April.

The apples are cone-shaped, bright red with a yellow-green fragment on the north side

Self-fertile varieties of apple trees for the North-West

Self-fertile are early summer or autumn hybrids of apple trees created for the North-West; they do not need pollinators and cannot act in this role for other varieties.

Several of the most popular in the Leningrad region:

Chosen One;
Telvenauding;
Silver hoof;
Grushovka Moskovskaya;
Wine;
Pirya;
Lungwort;
Chinese golden early.

Important! All hybrids were grafted onto rootstocks of winter-hardy crop varieties and underwent experimental cultivation in the Leningrad region.

New varieties of apple trees for the North-West

The seed market constantly offers new varieties of crops, including for the northwestern regions. Below are the most popular varieties recommended specifically for the Leningrad region:

Murat Busurin;
Borgovskoe;
Veteran;
Zorenka;
Belarusian raspberry;
Sinap;
Brown new;
Bogatyr;
Oryol striped.

This is not the entire list of new products for the Leningrad region. All of the above have already earned positive reviews from gardeners.

Conclusion

Apple tree varieties for the Leningrad region are represented by a fairly wide range. It is recommended to purchase seedlings from nurseries located in the region; only there they sell apple trees that are zoned or specially created for growing in a temperate continental climate.

Reviews of apple tree varieties for the Leningrad region

Sergeev Ivan, 39 years old, Gatchina

One of the first apple trees on my summer cottage, Glory to the Winners, has been producing a stable harvest every year for more than 15 years. I pick the fruits in mid-autumn and give them three weeks to fully ripen. Apples taste closer to sweet. They are juicy, aromatic, the weight reaches 200 g. The tree is unpretentious, tall, there has been no scab the whole time, for our Leningrad region it’s just right.

Olga Mukhina, 51 years old, Sertolovo

The autumn Melba apple tree has been growing on the plot for more than 15 years. Fruits consistently, I have never taken less than 200 kg from a tree. The fruits are very juicy, bright red, uniformly colored, sweet and sour. I store it in the basement in wooden boxes with dry shavings, they stay until April. I think that for the Leningrad region this is the best option for growing.