Content
The Prizemlennoye apple tree is a variety that is not only capable of maintaining productivity in regions with difficult climatic conditions, but also growing in a small garden plot. After all, this type of crop belongs to the category of natural dwarfs, and therefore is distinguished by its compact size. In order for the Prizemennye apple tree to regularly bear fruit and fully develop, it is necessary to properly plant the seedling and provide care in accordance with the requirements of this type of crop.
Apple tree Prizemennye is suitable for commercial and private cultivation
History of selection
Breeders from the South Ural Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable and Potato Growing worked on the development of this variety.In the period from 1969 to 1973, attempts were made to obtain a type of crop of compact size with good yield, which would be resistant to adverse external factors. And it was completely successful. The authors of the Prizemlennoye variety are the Mazunin family couple and the scientific agrobiochemist V.I. Putyatin.
The basis for it was the Vydubetskaya weeping apple tree and a complex hybrid form of culture 1-63-197. The resulting species was able not only to absorb the best qualities of its ancestors, but also to surpass them in certain characteristics. Therefore, by the mid-seventies of the last century, an application was submitted to conduct variety trials. Based on their results, the Prizemlennoye variety was included in the State Register, as it fully confirmed the declared characteristics.
Description of the apple tree variety Prizemlennoe
This type of crop is noticeably distinguished by the appearance of the tree and fruits from the rest. Therefore, it is necessary to study its features, which will allow us to accurately determine compliance with the variety.
Dimensions and appearance of an adult tree
The Prizemennye apple tree is a compact tree, the height of which on the seed rootstock reaches 2.5 m, and on the vegetatively propagated clonal rootstock varies between 1.5-2 m. The crown shape of the variety is flat-round, and the branches extend horizontally from the main headquarters, despite the fact that , that he does not belong to the category of stans.
The ends of the shoots of the Earthed apple tree are directed upward. The bark on the skeletal branches and trunk has a brown tint. And young shoots are of medium thickness and have a greenish-brown color.
The leaves of the dwarf apple tree are large, elongated-oval in the shape of a “boat” with a pointed tip.Their length reaches 10-12 cm, and their width is 3-4 cm. There is a slight jagged edge along the edge of the plates. The surface is dark green, and on the reverse side there is a short edge, so the shade is more gray.
The flowers of the mundane apple tree are medium in size, their diameter reaches 2 cm. The buds are pink when closed, and when they bloom they turn white. The flowers consist of five rounded petals. The flowering period for the Prizemenny species begins in the third decade of May and lasts for two weeks.
The buds begin to open initially on the lower branches of the tree
Description of fruits
The Prizemennye apple tree has small fruits, they are larger than those of Ranetka Purple, but are significantly smaller in size compared to other types of domestic crops. Their weight ranges from 70-110 g. The shape of the apples is round, slightly flattened. The skin is thin, but dense, oily with a glossy sheen.
The main color of apples is earthy greenish-yellow. But the integumentary part, which occupies most of the fruit, is dark red. The stalk is slightly thickened, of medium length, attached to the apple at an angle. The pulp is dense, fine-grained, juicy, greenish in color.
Characteristics of the dwarf apple tree
To assess the productivity of the Earthling species, it is necessary to study its characteristics. This will also allow you to compare it with other crop options and understand which conditions are most favorable for the variety.
Taste qualities
Earthy apples have a sweet and sour taste. The tasting score of the variety is 4.2 points out of a possible 5. However, the taste of the fruit depends on the number of sunny and warm days during their ripening period.To acquire characteristic sweetness, it is necessary that the sum of effective temperatures be at least 2200 °C.
Grounded fruits contain up to 18.9% ascorbic acid
Ripening time
This variety is autumn. The harvest on the tree ripens by the beginning of September. The apples remain on the branches for a long time and do not fall off. The duration of the growing season is 155-160 days.
Productivity
The low-growing Pruned apple tree is characterized by annual fruiting. The first apples appear on the tree 2-3 years after planting. From an adult tree you can get about 130 kg of fruit. Apples retain their consumer properties for 60 days under favorable conditions.
Frost resistance of apple tree Grounded
The variety is highly frost-resistant. The tree can withstand temperatures down to -39.5 °C. This makes it possible to successfully grow the variety in regions with risky farming.
Apple tree pollinators
This low-growing crop variety belongs to the category of partially self-fertile. Therefore, in order for the productivity of the Mundane apple tree to be maximum, it is necessary to plant pollinating trees in the neighborhood. It is important that they have the same flowering period as him.
The following varieties are suitable as pollinators:
- Wonderful;
- Autumn low growing;
- Carpet;
- Bratchud;
- Lobo;
- Rudolf;
- Fuji;
- Orlik.
Growing regions
The variety is recommended for cultivation in the Ural region. Because it shows high performance here, despite the climate.Also, the low-growing Prizemlennoe apple tree can be grown in the central regions, which is confirmed by reviews from gardeners.
The grounded tree serves as the basis for the breeding of new low-growing crop species
Disease resistance
This variety does not have increased immunity to diseases. In seasons unfavorable for the crop, the level of scab damage reaches two points. Therefore, when growing Down to Earth, preventive treatments of the tree with fungicides in spring and autumn cannot be ignored.
Advantages and disadvantages
The low-growing down-to-earth apple tree has many advantages, which explains its high popularity among beginners and experienced gardeners. But when choosing this variety, you need to take into account the disadvantages, so you need to familiarize yourself with them in advance.
The pectin content in fresh apples of the Prizemlennoe variety reaches 1.3%
Main advantages:
- stable high yield;
- precociousness;
- winter hardiness;
- versatility of application;
- compactness of the tree;
- resistance to temperature changes;
- Suitable for transportation and long-term storage.
Flaws:
- needs pollinators;
- requires protection from diseases;
- if there are not enough sunny days, the taste becomes sour;
- small fruit size;
- darkening of the pulp during long-term storage.
Planting an apple tree
For the successful development of the Earthed apple tree, it is necessary to properly plant the seedling. Therefore, you need to study the features of this procedure in advance.
For the apple tree, you need to choose a sunny, open place, protected from cold gusts of wind. The best option is the southern or eastern side of the site. It is important that the groundwater level is at least 2 m.
For planting, it is recommended to choose one- and two-year-old seedlings with a well-developed root system, without damage to the bark and signs of disease. You can plant an apple tree in a permanent place in spring and autumn. In the first case, the optimal period is the end of April, and in the second, the second half of September.
At least two weeks before planting, it is recommended to prepare a hole 80 cm deep and 120 cm wide. It must be filled with a nutrient mixture consisting of turf, sand, humus, and leaf soil in a ratio of 2:1:1:1. You also need to additionally add 40 g of superphosphate and 25 g of potassium sulfide and thoroughly mix the fertilizers with the soil.
A day before planting, the seedling must be placed in water to nourish the roots.
Procedure:
- Make a slight elevation in the center of the hole.
- Place a wooden support next to it.
- Place the seedling on the mound and carefully straighten the roots.
- Water the apple tree generously.
- Sprinkle the roots with evil spirits, shaking it periodically to fill any voids.
- Compact the soil surface at the base of the seedling.
- Tie the apple tree to a support.
Apple tree care
Caring for the Down to Earth apple tree is not difficult; it is enough to adhere to the standard rules of agricultural technology.
The first time after planting, it is necessary to control soil moisture and prevent the root system from drying out. Therefore, in the absence of rain, you need to water the apple tree regularly every three days. After a month, watering can be halved. It is also necessary to regularly loosen the soil in the root circle and remove weeds.
You need to start fertilizing the Prizemlennoye apple tree from the third year after planting.It is recommended to apply fertilizers for the first time in early spring at the beginning of the growing season. To do this, you can use urea at the rate of 30 g per 10 liters of water. The second and third feedings are recommended after flowering and at the stage of fruit formation. During these periods, it is recommended to use superphosphate 40-80 g and potassium sulfide 25-60 g per bucket of water, depending on the age of the apple tree.
Apple tree pruning
Immediately after landing, it is necessary to shorten the main conductor by 20%. In the next few years, carry out formative pruning of the Prizemlennoye apple tree in the spring. Initially, it is necessary to select 2-3 branches of the first tier and shorten them by 1/3, and remove the rest. Next season, using the same principle, you need to leave the shoots of the second tier. In addition, you need to shorten the main conductor annually so that its growth point is 10 cm higher than the side shoots.
Also, the Mundane apple tree needs sanitary pruning. It can be carried out as needed. It involves removing broken, damaged and thickening branches.
After pruning, all wounds should be covered with garden varnish.
Collection and storage periods
It is recommended to collect fruits at the stage of technical maturity. This should be done in the morning in dry, clear weather. For long-term storage, apples need to be cut from the branches with scissors along with the petioles and placed in cardboard or wooden boxes. It is recommended to cover each layer with paper.
Optimal storage conditions: temperature +2-4 °C and humidity about 65%.
Conclusion
The Mundane apple tree is one of the varieties that are capable of producing a generous harvest even when exposed to negative external factors. To do this, you only need proper care and the presence of pollinators nearby. In addition, its compact size allows you to grow a tree even in a small area. The only significant disadvantage is the small size of the fruit.
Reviews from gardeners about the mundane apple tree
