Content
Kuril tea, like other perennial plants, can be propagated in several ways: seeds, cuttings, layering, and division of rhizomes. Each method makes it possible to obtain derivative plants that do not differ in their characteristics from the parent, but at the same time, each of these methods has its own timing and distinctive features.
How to propagate shrubby cinquefoil
The most common method of propagating cinquefoil is the division of rhizomes. The method involves separating small parts from the roots of the mother plant. The cut parts are almost immediately buried in the soil.
The method of propagation by green cuttings is more complex and less effective. Green shoots of cinquefoil are cut into cuttings of a certain size, planted in a container with soil, covered with film and kept in this state until roots form.The process is quite time-consuming and requires certain skills in caring for plants.
For propagation by layering, cuts are made on shoots in contact with the soil and sprinkled with earth. After some time, roots will appear in this place, but the cuttings can only be separated after a year.
Propagating Kuril tea by seeds is the easiest and fastest way to get new plants. At the end of the summer season, the seeds are collected, cleaned, dried and stored in paper bags. In the spring they can be sown in the soil.
Each method differs not only in content, but also in timing. Between the end of July and the beginning of August, propagation of cinquefoil by layering and cuttings is optimal. It is recommended to divide the rhizomes in the spring, from late April to early May, as well as in September.
How to propagate Kuril tea from cuttings
The method of propagating shrubby cinquefoil by cuttings takes quite a lot of time. Before planting young shoots directly into the soil, it is necessary to properly prepare and root the cuttings. Until the roots form, certain care measures should be taken to create comfortable conditions for the growth of young animals.
Deadlines
July – August are the best months for propagating cinquefoil from cuttings. By this time, the shoots become green, elastic and well-ripened. When preparing cuttings, it is also important to take into account weather conditions and time of day.
If there are warm sunny days, then the most optimal period for the formation of cuttings from the mother cinquefoil bush will be the morning hours, preferably before sunrise. In case of cloudy weather, cuttings can be carried out throughout the day.
Potentilla cuttings should not be allowed to dry out and wither.It is necessary to prepare everything in advance and immediately plant the cuttings treated with disinfectants and stimulating agents after pruning into a container with soil. No more than 48 hours should pass from the moment of pruning to planting in the soil mixture.
Rules for taking cuttings
In order for the propagation of cinquefoil shrubby cuttings to be most effective, you should correctly approach the process of selecting shoots on the parent bush. The cuttings must be identical in size and appearance. The quality of young seedlings, as well as their further ability to grow and develop, depends on this.
To prepare planting cuttings, you can use almost all shoots of the parent cinquefoil bush. It is enough to retreat 3 - 5 cm from the base. If there are leaves on the remaining petioles, it is better to remove them. Each cutting should have 2 – 4 nodes. Depending on this, their length can reach from 8 to 12 cm.
The cut cuttings are aligned along the bottom edge and tied with twine into bundles of 25 - 50 pieces. The next stage of preparation is the treatment of the cuttings with growth stimulants, which promote the rapid development of a powerful root system. Stimulating solutions can be purchased in specialized stores. Before using them, you must carefully study the instructions. Some drugs are effective when diluted in cold water, others require boiling water or an alcohol solution.
You can prepare a stimulating solution yourself from 20 - 40 g of glucose or sucrose diluted in a liter of water.In addition, regular table sugar dissolved in water can serve as a nutritious natural carbohydrate element. Keeping the cuttings in the stimulating composition can be from 12 to 24 hours. The maximum temperature should not exceed 22 - 25 ℃.
To avoid rotting of the cut edges, the cuttings must be treated with potassium permanganate, which has effective disinfecting properties. To do this, 2 g of ammonium sulfate and 50 g of manganese are diluted in 1 liter of water.
After preparing and processing the cuttings, the next stage of cinquefoil propagation begins.
How to root cinquefoil cuttings
The cuttings prepared in the spring are planted in a large container with a nutrient substrate and drainage holes in the lower part. You can plant cinquefoil shoots directly into the ground by choosing a shaded area in the garden. Each shoot must be covered with a jar or plastic bottle. Emerging buds can interfere with the rooting process, so they should be removed.
Green cuttings absorb moisture from the air with the help of leaves, so they especially need high humidity. Lignified cuttings depend on the moisture content of the substrate. The soil must be kept moist at all times. For complete rooting, it is necessary to spray the cuttings at least 3 to 4 times a day.
The nutrient substrate is prepared in advance. It should consist of humus, coarse sand and calcareous peat. To increase its quality content, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus are added. Within 6 - 8 weeks after cuttings, the shoots turn into independent plants with a strong root system. After growth appears on the rooted cuttings, they can be transplanted into the soil to a permanent place.
Transplantation into the ground
Before planting cinquefoil shoots in open ground, they must first be prepared and hardened. Hardening can be done in various ways:
- opening windows and vents in the room where the cuttings are located;
- temperature reduction using fogging systems (artificial fog);
- taking containers with planting material outside;
- removal of greenhouse cover.
All these measures will allow you to adapt ready-made rooted cinquefoil cuttings to the natural and climatic conditions of the garden. Hardening procedures are recommended to be carried out within 2-3 weeks before planting in the ground.
Propagation of cinquefoil by cuttings is possible not only at the end of summer, but also in late autumn. In this case, it is better to use woody annual shoots. They are cut into cuttings 10–12 cm in size and almost completely buried in the nutrient substrate, leaving 1–1.5 cm on the surface. The upper bud is also not sprinkled with soil. From this moment until rooting, it is necessary to create shade conditions. Lime liquid can be applied to the glass of greenhouses, which will protect the planted cinquefoil cuttings from direct sunlight.
The most favorable weather for transplantation is cloudy and rainy weather. Within 1 - 2 years, the cuttings will reach standard sizes, subject to basic care rules.
Propagation of cinquefoil by layering
This is the easiest and fastest way to propagate Kuril tea. Its dates are spring and summer. The soil around the mother cinquefoil is loosened and fertilized with a mixture of sand and peat. On a cinquefoil bush, they choose strong, woody, but quite flexible shoots located in close proximity to the soil surface.They are cleared of leaves and side branches, then neat cuts are made, lightly pressed to the ground and sprinkled with soil. To better fix the grounding of the shoot, press it with a stone or a wire loop.
The shoots are directed in different directions from the cinquefoil bush at a distance of at least 10 cm from each other. In order for the buds to awaken better, the ends of the branches are cut off by 7 - 10 cm. Several shoots can grow on the layering from the buds.
Roots should appear within 10 days, but do not rush to separate the new plant. It is necessary to give him time to fully strengthen. Layers can be separated and planted in another place in the fall, but it is better to do this after a year. Until this moment, they need to be watered and fed with a fertile mixture of sand, humus and earth, taken in equal quantities, separately from the parent cinquefoil bush.
In autumn, bent rooted branches are cut off with pruning shears, dug up and divided according to the number of vertical shoots. Each cinquefoil seedling must have a root and at least one shoot. From one layer you can get up to 6 seedlings. Strong shoots are planted in the soil, weak shoots are grown.
Propagation of Kuril tea by layering is the most effective. Layers are more viable than cuttings. This method of vegetative propagation has proven itself well in dry conditions and in areas without regular watering.
Propagation of cinquefoil by seeds
Potentilla seeds are collected at the end of August and until mid-autumn, depending on the weather conditions of the region. They can be sown immediately or dried and stored for several years. When growing cinquefoil from seeds, you must follow certain rules.
Before planting, the soil must first be loosened and leveled with a rake. The seeds are spread over the surface and lightly pressed down. Apply a small layer of nutritious soil on top and water well. Within 2 - 3 weeks, small sprouts will appear from the seeds. In a month they can be planted at a distance of at least 40 cm from each other. The seedlings are watered and the ground is sprinkled with sawdust or pine needles. They will be able to reach adulthood only after 4–5 years.
Propagation of shrubby cinquefoil by seeds, subsequent care and cultivation does not require special effort or skills. This method, in comparison with others, provides the largest number of shoots and the best efficiency of their growth.
How to propagate cinquefoil by dividing the bush
The right time to divide roots is spring or warm autumn. The mother cinquefoil must be at least 4 years old. The selected bush is carefully dug up with a pitchfork so as not to damage the root system. Healthy roots are separated with a hatchet or shovel. The rest are planted back into the soil and watered. Each isolated part should have 2 - 3 buds. The roots are treated with any mixture that promotes qualitative improvement and acceleration of their formation. Thick roots are cut into pieces 5–7 cm.
If the mother cinquefoil has thin roots, then the root cuttings are placed horizontally on the ground and sprinkled with soil. The root parts are placed on top of a container with a prepared nutrient substrate, maintaining a distance of 3–5 cm. Then cover with 1 cm of soil and water well.For the winter, boxes with root seedlings are stored in an unheated greenhouse or any other cool room - garage, basement. By spring, the cinquefoil takes root, and the cuttings can be planted in open ground, maintaining a distance of 40 cm.
Propagation of cinquefoil by dividing rhizomes allows you to obtain seedlings of very high quality without much hassle.
How to propagate yellow cinquefoil by offspring
Offshoots are aboveground or underground side shoots of yellow cinquefoil that grow from dormant adventitious buds located in the area of the root collar. They appear within a radius of 0.5 to 7 m from the mother cinquefoil. The formation of shoots occurs in June-July.
The disadvantage of propagating yellow cinquefoil from suckers is that these suckers are slow to take root. To speed up the process, young growth is separated from the yellow cinquefoil bush and planted in open ground or pots with a soil-sand mixture. It is worth preparing drainage in advance, which will facilitate the rapid formation and strengthening of roots.
The grown shoots of a healthy bush are cut no closer than 2 m from the trunk, so as not to damage the skeletal roots. The shoots are dug in a radius of 20 cm, carefully separated from the mother roots of the cinquefoil and transplanted to another place. Autumn planting can lead to the death of root shoot plants in winter. Gardeners recommend separating the shoots of yellow cinquefoil in the spring in the first half of May.
Rules of care
At each stage of propagation of shrubby cinquefoil, it is necessary to take additional care measures and create favorable conditions for the growth and strengthening of young seedlings. One of the main requirements is maintaining the required level of soil or substrate moisture. Even short breaks in watering can lead to plant death.
When planting cinquefoil seedlings in a permanent place, it is necessary to maintain a distance between bushes of at least 30 cm. The bottom of each prepared hole is covered with lime gravel. Then half of the remaining space is filled with a soil mixture prepared from the following components:
- 2 parts humus;
- 2 parts of land;
- 1 part sand;
- 150 g of complex mineral fertilizer.
The root collar of the cinquefoil seedling should rise above ground level. The soil must be well compacted and watered abundantly. To reduce the rate of soil drying, it is sprinkled with sawdust, bark or straw. On hot summer days, you can spray the sprouts in the evening.
During the entire period of seedling growth, in addition to mulching and regular watering, work is carried out to remove weeds, feed and loosen the soil. Mulching is carried out 2–3 times during the summer. Fertilizing with mineral fertilizers for flowering plants is applied 3 times: in May, July and August-September.
Conclusion
Kuril tea can be propagated in various ways. Each has its own advantages and features. If the basic requirements are correctly met, amateur gardeners can always independently increase the number of such beautiful plants as cinquefoil, preserving its original characteristics and properties. It is a wonderful decoration for garden plots and gives the entire area a noble, well-groomed appearance.
