Deytsia (deytsela): planting and care in open ground in spring, autumn, photo, cultivation, how to reproduce, preparation for winter, how to cover

Planting and caring for action in the open ground requires following just a few simple rules. The culture is unpretentious, in natural conditions it is able to grow in the mountains, tolerate droughts, and takes root on any soil without stagnant water. Although the plant comes from the south, it is not difficult to ensure abundant flowering of deutia in the conditions of the middle zone, as well as in the more severe regions of Siberia and the Urals.

Features of growing deutsela shrubs

Deutia bushes are distinguished by a variety of varieties, from tiny forms no higher than half a meter to spreading 4-meter plants.The color of leaves and flowers is also varied, but all plants have similar preferences for soil composition, lighting, pruning, and care.

Basic conditions for growing deutia:

Plants easily tolerate drought, but respond to dosed watering with rapid growth and abundant flowering.
An abundance of light and placement in an open area are not necessary for the action. The culture prefers morning sun and partial shade in the afternoon.
Fast-growing shoots need pruning and thinning. Formation is one of the main principles of obtaining lush flowering.
The winter hardiness of the action is assessed as average: at - 20 ° C the apical buds freeze out, at - 30 ° C the entire unprotected part of the plant dies. The culture easily tolerates winters without shelter only in the south.
Deytsia is resistant to smoke and gas pollution of a big city. The only thing the crop cannot tolerate is planting in a windy place and drafts.
If the groundwater table is high, additional drainage is provided during planting. The roots of the plant cannot tolerate stagnant water.

In nature, the shrub grows on illuminated edges, at the foot of the mountains. In the garden, deutia can grow under the protection of tall trees, provided it is not completely shaded. There is only one fundamental requirement for soil composition - a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction. This indicator most often requires a separate simple adjustment.

Comment! The deutia bush is characterized by flowering on the shoots of the second year. In practice, a bush that has fully recovered after freezing, with good care, will bloom in the same season.

How to propagate action

Easy care when growing deutia is not the only advantage of its decorative appearance. The shrub is easy to propagate in many ways.Thus, seeds provide more than 90% germination immediately after ripening. Vegetative methods (cuttings, suckers, dividing the bush, layering) give the same high survival rate.

Seeds

The seed planting method is suitable for propagating species of action that have not undergone selection. Hybrid garden forms do not retain their qualities in subsequent generations. A bush will grow from the seeds, repeating the original forms of action before crossing.

For successful propagation, it is important to properly store the seed before planting. In winter, the seeds are kept in a glass jar with a tightly screwed lid or hermetically sealed in polyethylene. The best temperature is about 15 °C.

In regions with moderate winters, seeds can be planted in open ground in the fall, immediately after collection. In areas with a harsh climate from the Urals to Eastern Siberia, deutia is sown in pots and germinated at home. Most often, planting in open ground is done in the spring, and it is not necessary to treat the seed with deutzia. The plant has good germination without stratification, stimulation or wetting.

It is enough to spread the seeds over the surface and lightly compact the soil. Spring planting of deutzia does not require deepening. By periodically moistening the soil, you can expect the first shoots within 15 days. To speed up the process, the bed or pot is covered with polyethylene.

Propagation of action by cuttings

Green or woody shoots of a fast-growing bush provide a rich supply of propagation material. Both cuttings taken after autumn pruning and those prepared in the summer take root well. To grow deucel shrubs, as shown in the photo, the green tops are cut from the second half of June.

For cut shoots, it is enough to remove the leaves from the bottom and place them in a moist substrate. To guarantee survival, you can place the stems with the lower end in Kornevin’s solution for 24 hours. At temperatures from 15 to 30 ° C and regular spraying of plantings, such propagation gives a success rate above 95%.

Lignified Deutia cuttings cut in the fall must have at least 5 living buds. The stems are tied in bunches and stored until spring in damp sand at a temperature of 0 to + 5 ° C. In the spring, cuttings are rooted in open ground, regularly sprayed with warm water. Deutia seedlings can be brought to the planting site only after reaching the average daily temperature of + 15 °C.

By layering

The most natural and painless method of propagation for deytsia is rooting a branch, without separation from the mother bush. For the procedure, a young shoot is selected, bent to the ground, and fixed to the soil with a bracket or stone. Cover the contact area with loose, fertile substrate. To stimulate root formation, the bark on the shoot can be cut with a sharp knife. The rooted cuttings of deucela are separated from the bush after a year for planting in the spring as an ordinary seedling.

Dividing the bush

This method is suitable if you urgently need to transplant a perennial overgrown bush to a new location. It is not worth disturbing the plant just for propagation - adult deutzia does not tolerate such a procedure well.

Important! The younger the bush, the more successful the rooting of its parts will be.

The plant is dug up from all sides, trying to go as deep as possible. Deutia may have several taproots, which it is desirable to preserve as much as possible, and many superficial fibrous ones, which grow more easily.Take the bush out of the ground, shake off the soil, and divide the rhizome into several parts.

Each division must have a developed root and living growth buds. Parts of the deutia bush are planted in a new place immediately after the procedure, otherwise the bare roots of the plant will dry out and take root worse.

How to preserve the action before planting

When purchasing ready-made seedlings, preference is given to bushes with an open root system. This makes it possible to objectively assess the condition of the plant. Action in containers for planting should only be purchased from trusted sellers or directly from the nursery.

After purchase, exposed roots should be wrapped in paper or damp cloth for transportation. Do not use polyethylene: the wrapped roots may overheat and become trapped.

Deutzia is planted in the spring before the growing season begins. If you need to store the purchased material for some time before planting, the plants should not be brought into a warm room. This stimulates bud opening and may impair survival. It is better to leave seedlings in containers or with wrapped roots outside, take them to the balcony, or to the basement, thus delaying the state of dormancy.

Advice! Deutia seedlings can be stored for a long time before planting by digging them into the area at an angle.

Planting and caring for deutzia shrubs

Correctly and timely planted bushes begin to grow quickly and bloom within a few seasons. To form a lush deutzia bush, as in the photo, growing and caring for it will not be a problem if the location is well chosen and the planting is done correctly.

Recommended timing

The best time for planting is in the spring, after the soil has completely thawed before the buds open on the trees. The timing is different in each region, so you should only rely on the weather.Planting deutia in the fall may not give the plant time to adapt and grow roots. Pre-winter work is only possible during moderate and warm winters.

Site selection and soil preparation

The light-loving shrub can develop well in an open sunny place. The plant tolerates diffused light well and can be kept in partial shade for up to half a day without loss of decorativeness. Therefore, deutia is planted on the southern, western or eastern side of buildings, tall trees, and dense fences.

Unpretentiousness to the composition of the soil allows you to grow the crop in any area. When preparing the soil, you can improve the properties of the substrate and ensure the following minimum parameters:

nutritional value – through the application of fertilizers and humus;
looseness – adding peat and sand for digging on heavy soils;
slightly alkaline reaction – adding ash or slaked lime;
drainage of excess moisture – by laying drainage during planting.

If it is necessary to replace the soil due to non-compliance with the requirements, the mixture is prepared from humus, sand and peat in a ratio of 2:2:1. A glass of slaked lime or wood ash is added to the composition per plant.

Landing algorithm

Before planting, the action is inspected, all damaged areas of the roots are removed, shortened to 30 cm. If the exposed roots are dry, immerse them in a liquid clay solution for 3 hours. For seedlings from containers, a ball of earth is lightly beaten before planting. The curled roots need to be slightly stirred and straightened outwards.

Planting process:

Prepare a hole at least 50 cm deep.
10 cm of sand, pebbles or expanded clay are placed at the bottom for drainage.
Pour a small portion of the prepared soil mixture on top with the addition of 100 g of complex mineral fertilizer (for example, nitrophoska).
Place the seedling so that the root collar of the deutia is above the soil level.
Gradually add soil, lightly compacting the layers. After filling the hole, the seedling is watered abundantly.

For better survival and protection of deutzia roots from drying out or spring temperature changes, the soil is covered with straw, peat or sawdust. The mulch layer should not exceed 5 cm.

Transplanting action in autumn or spring

It is advisable not to dig up adult bushes; they do not tolerate even minor injuries to the roots. Transplantation of an already formed action may be required in the event of an unsuccessfully chosen landing site. Often this need arises when the crown is poorly developed due to stagnant moisture, shade or drafts. It happens that deutia bushes planted nearby, growing, begin to interfere with each other. Transplantation in such cases cannot be avoided.

If it is necessary to move an adult deutia bush to a new location, you should, if possible, wait for spring warmth. Autumn replanting threatens to cause the plant to weaken and go into winter with damaged roots. Such a bush can freeze.

Transplanting deutia in the spring gives it more time to adapt. The gardener can monitor the success of rooting throughout the season and provide the care the plant needs to prepare for winter.

Action transplant rules:

The pit in the new place is prepared in advance according to the planting rules.
Dig out the bush carefully, trying to preserve the earthen lump.
Move large specimens of dug out deutia, carefully dragging them on a tarpaulin or other dense material.
The transplantation procedure completely repeats the steps with seedlings, right down to mulching.

The crown of the bush must be thinned out, old branches are completely removed, and young branches are shortened by a third. Even with full compliance with all conditions and good care, the transplanted plant will be lethargic for some time and may shed some of its leaves.

Important! Despite the painful appearance of the deutzia bush after planting or replanting, you should not start fertilizing before the first growth appears. The root system of the plant is not yet ready for active work. Care begins with the appearance of new leaves.

How to grow deutia in open ground

Different climates dictate some differences when caring for ornamental bushes in the south, in the northwestern region and in areas with more severe but snowy winters. In the south, the soil, weather and slight temperature fluctuations make it possible to grow deutia with almost no care, limited to shaping, watering and occasional feeding. The climate of the Moscow region assumes low temperatures without stable snow cover in winter. The most important care for such bushes will be proper shelter from frost.

Beyond the Urals, during severe winters, deutzia tolerates the cold season more easily due to the abundance of snow, but cultivation requires careful selection of varieties. An important criterion for the climate of Siberia is the height of the bush - low-growing hybrids do not require special adaptations for successful wintering.

How quickly does action grow?

The vigor of shoot growth strongly depends on soil fertility and regular moisture, but even without special care, the bushes quickly gain green mass. Timely pruning also helps to enhance branching and ensure healthy growth.

In just a few years, a deutia seedling can turn into a luxurious bush, growing in width.This feature will require additional removal of growth around the bush, which provides rich planting material for propagation. By carefully separating young shoots from the mother root, you can obtain ready-made seedlings without disturbing the adult plant.

Due to the strong growth of tall varieties of pink and white deutia, for ease of care, planting is done no closer than 2.5 m from buildings. This distance allows the crown to develop harmoniously and provides access for pruning and thinning.

Watering

Caring for deutia does not require frequent moistening; the plant does not tolerate stagnant water. Excessive watering is the only reason for the development of root rot, which can destroy even a strong bush.

Watering rules:

In spring and summer, bushes need only one watering every 10-15 days. One adult plant consumes about 10 liters of water.
Watering is made more frequent and increased to 20 liters per bush only during prolonged drought accompanied by heat.
In August it is recommended to stop watering, and during autumn rains to cover the tree trunk with polyethylene. This stimulates lignification of fresh growth.

After each watering, the soil should be loosened, preventing the formation of a crust on the surface.

Top dressing

If planting involved replacing the soil and adding fertilizers to the substrate, then young bushes will need fertilizers after a few seasons, when the planting hole is completely absorbed by the roots.

Feed the action several times a year:

in the spring, immediately after pruning, with complex formulations containing phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, 100 g per bush.
during flowering - with a solution of manure (1:10) 5 liters per plant every 2 weeks;
in the fall, feed with complex fertilizers after thinning and cleaning the bush;
Every year the soil is additionally deoxidized by adding dolomite flour or lime, especially if organic matter was used to fertilize the plant.

Important! Care in the form of watering and fertilizing in the second half of summer stimulates rapid growth of shoots, which depletes the roots. Fresh growth of deutia does not have time to become lignified and dies during frosts, exposing the underground part to the danger of freezing.

Weeding and mulching

Keeping the soil around the plant loose and clean can be time-consuming. After each watering, you should turn up the top layer of soil and remove weeds. Mechanical loosening of the action damages the superficial thin roots. Mulching is a simple maintenance that creates an ideal microclimate, preventing moisture from evaporating, maintaining a constant soil temperature, maintaining looseness and breathability.

One technique eliminates many activities and prevents weeds from spreading en masse. You can use chopped straw, leaves, small decorative stones, bark or peat as mulch. The materials are laid on the soil around the bush in a layer of no more than 5 cm.

Trimming

The formation of the crown is of paramount importance for the lush flowering of the action. Pruning begins from the moment the plant is planted, and then carried out every year.

Stages and features of pruning action:

After planting, the seedling is pruned, leaving no more than 5 buds.
In the spring, remove all frozen parts of the bush until it reaches healthy wood. In case of severe lesions, it is permissible to cut out all branches close to the soil. Deytsia has a great chance of completely restoring the bush.
In summer, you can trim off faded shoots, leaving one living bud for new growth. The procedure can be postponed until autumn pruning, but in this case a replacement shoot will not form.
In the fall, sanitary cutting of old and damaged branches is carried out into a ring at the base. Young root shoots around the plant are also cut out.

Comment! When growing hedges, deutia is not subjected to rigid shaping, leaving it to grow freely. Only sanitary pruning is required.

Features of growing deutia in the Urals and Siberia

Originally a southern crop, the ornamental shrub gradually acclimatized in Europe and northern Asia. Natural selection from many species has singled out those that are able to survive frosty winters. Selection in recent decades has made it possible to obtain many winter-hardy and amazingly beautiful varieties.

To obtain lushly flowering bushes, as in the photos presented, planting and caring for the plant in the Urals, Far East, and Siberia is done differently than in temperate and warm zones.

Care tips for northern regions:

In case of early frosts and harsh winters, autumn fertilizing is not carried out. From the beginning of September, only pollination of the soil with ash is allowed to replenish the action with potassium, which is involved in the ripening of shoots.
Summer fertilization with nitrogen-containing compounds, including manure and bird droppings, is kept to a minimum. A few feedings after the start of flowering are enough. This will curb the burst of vegetation once the seeds are set.
It is not recommended to choose action for green hedges if the temperature in winter drops below - 25 °C. The bushes will often freeze and will not provide the necessary decorative effect.
Select varieties for planting that are recommended for cultivation in cold climates. The most frost-resistant is Deutzia Amur (small-flowered). The long-leaved and purple varieties winter well under the snow.

Advice! Deutzia pink, shown in the photo, is no different from other varieties in terms of planting and care, but it tolerates temperature fluctuations much more easily and is distinguished by lush, abundant flowering.

How to prepare your action for winter

In order for the bushes to grow strong enough by autumn, the branches to become as woody as possible, and the roots to be able to withstand freezing of the soil, it is enough not to overfeed or overwater the plants. After autumn pruning, the soil under the deutzia bushes is mulched with fresh mixture. For the winter, it is better to choose peat, laying it in a layer of up to 10 cm.

Shelter for the winter

The main task of the gardener in the fall is to ensure a successful winter for the plant. If in the north-west or in the Moscow region it is impossible to do without shelter due to the lack of snow in the winter, then in areas with severe frosts the snowfall is more abundant and the cover is stable. Therefore, in Siberia and the Urals, pre-winter care can be reduced to bending high branches that will be covered naturally.

Only low-growing or young bushes will be easy to plant. Mature deutia wood is hollow and brittle, and branches tend to break under stress. Therefore, the stems are lifted up as much as possible, pulled together into a loose bundle using twine and the bush is wrapped in breathable material: burlap, lutrasil, any agrofibre. It is important not to cover the action with polyethylene for wintering.

Experienced gardeners advise creating several layers of lightweight materials with air layers. In such a “thermos”, not only adult specimens, but also first-year seedlings can easily survive winters.

If constant, high snow cover is expected, low and young bushes are bent to the soil and covered with earth or covered with breathable material before the first snowfalls.In the middle zone, the fallen snow is raked up, thrown onto the bushes, regularly checking and renewing the cover. With a sharp increase in frost, all unprotected parts of the action may die.

Pests and diseases

All types of deutia are resistant to typical garden diseases and pests. Sometimes the bumblebee proboscis eats leaves. If a pest is detected, the bushes are sprayed with a 15% phthalophos solution.

From the second half of summer, the plant is regularly checked for the presence of horned caterpillars, aphids, and mites. To combat insects, use solutions of Decis or Bitoxibacillin, diluted strictly according to the instructions.

The only disease that threatens the action is root rot. The disease occurs due to improper care of the plant: waterlogging of the soil, stagnation of water in the cold season or early spring. Most often, with severe damage, the bush dies, so planting deutzia without drainage is unacceptable.

Conclusion

Planting and caring for action in open ground is not difficult in both warm and harsh climates. Simple techniques and knowledge of the characteristics of the plant allow you to get lush flowering bushes in several seasons. This unpretentious, sustainable plant is on a par with hydrangea, roses, and lilacs in terms of beauty, but requires very little attention. A properly planted bush with minimal care can decorate the garden for more than 20 years, recovering from the mistakes of an inexperienced gardener, freezing or drought.