Content
Mock orange is a perennial deciduous plant, naturally distributed in America and Asia. In Russia, garden jasmine is found in the Caucasus. The culture is thermophilic with a low threshold of frost resistance. Thanks to breeding work, varieties have been created that are adapted to the weather conditions of a temperate climate. Planting and caring for mock orange in Siberia does not differ from agricultural practices in southern latitudes; the main condition is choosing a variety with high frost resistance.
Is it possible to grow mock orange in Siberia and the Urals?
Growing mock orange in Siberia and the Urals became possible after breeding varieties adapted to the cold winters of the region. In ornamental gardening in Siberia, about 30 varieties with a high frost resistance are used.These are mainly mock orange hybrids bred by breeder N.V. Vekhov.
Wild species bloom for a short time, tall shrubs - up to 4 m. Varietal representatives of mock orange with abundant long flowering time with double and simple flowers. The crown size ranges from dwarf to medium size. In Siberia, the crop is in high demand among gardeners. Grown as a design element for decorating plots and gardens. Mock orange is undemanding in agricultural technology, responds well to molding, grows quickly, and blooms 2 years after planting.
In Siberia, mock orange is grown to create a hedge. Included in a composition with roses, spirea, hydrangea. The shrub is planted near the wall of the building, along the perimeter of the rock garden, in the rock garden. Mock orange combines harmoniously with dwarf forms of conifers. The culture in Siberia remains decorative until late autumn; in September, the crown of garden jasmine turns bright yellow.
Mock orange varieties for Siberia and the Urals
Mock orange varieties are selected according to the design decision. The varieties differ from each other not only in appearance, height of the bush, but also in the flowering period. The main requirement for mock orange is resistance to frost and adverse environmental factors. All varieties recommended for temperate climates are characterized by high immunity to diseases and pests and are easy to care for. Below are photos and descriptions of several of the most frost-resistant mock orange varieties suitable for growing in Siberia.
Chubushnik Thin-leaved
The earliest variety in Siberia, blooming in early June, flowering duration is 33 days. Resists frosts down to -30 0C. Refers to tall representatives.The wild species is found in Siberia, the Urals and the Far East, the main accumulation is observed on the edges of mixed forests, at the foot of rocky mountains.
External characteristics of mock orange:
- branched, spreading shrub of round shape, the length of perennial stems is 2-2.5 m;
- shoots are slightly pubescent, the bark is smooth and brown until 2 years old; at an older age, the surface becomes rough, the bark peels off in narrow strips, the color becomes dark gray;
- the leaf blade is thin with a smooth surface, the leaves are 8 cm long, rounded with wavy edges, located oppositely;
- inflorescences are large, long, 5-8 flowered;
- flowers are simple, white, 3.5 cm in diameter, oval petals, white stamens, long, numerous with bright yellow anthers.
Chubushnik thin-leaved has a pronounced pleasant aroma.
Mock orange large-flowered
The most common variety of mock orange in Siberia is Large-flowered. The crop is frost-resistant, with an average flowering period of 28 days (from July to August).
Bush up to 3 m high. Densely leafy, spreading, branched, spherical in shape. The flowers are semi-double, white, large, diameter - 4-5 cm. The inflorescences are long, the density of 3-5 flowers.
Erectus
The photo shows a hybrid form of mock orange Erectus, common in Siberia. Valued for its highly decorative habit. The crop has an average flowering period, lasting 35 days from July to the end of August. In September the leaf color turns red-yellow.
External description:
- height – 1.2-1.5 m;
- the bush is compact, narrow, with a weeping type of stem growth;
- shoots are thin, gray;
- the crown is dense, densely leafy with narrow, dark green lanceolate leaves;
- inflorescences form on the tops of the current year's shoots;
- flowering is abundant, the flowers are large, white, simple, diameter - 4 cm, petals are round and drooping.
The hybrid has no odor.
Mock orange Unusual
The selection variety of the Unusual mock orange was created specifically for the Urals, Siberia and the Moscow region. The culture is characterized by a compact crown, the height of the central shoots does not exceed 1 m. The curved shoots with drooping tops and dark red bark add sophistication to the shrub. The cultivar got its name because of the unusual color of the flowers.
The flowers consist of 4 cream-colored petals at the base with a bright crimson fragment. The brightness of the color depends on the lighting; the stain turns out to be a more saturated color with a sufficient amount of ultraviolet radiation. The leaves are oblong with a sharp apex, pubescent, with coarsely toothed edges. The mock orange variety is early, flowering occurs from June to July. The aroma is subtle with a pleasant strawberry tint.
Elbrus
An elite selection variety of mock orange, widely used for design in botanical gardens of Siberia. Frost resistance is satisfactory for temperate climates; without shelter, young shoots may freeze. Blooms abundantly from July, lasts 25 days.
Description of the hybrid:
- the crown is spreading, the height of the bush is 1.3 m;
- the leaves are narrow, light green, thick with smooth edges, pubescent below, turning yellow in autumn;
- flowers are double, white, large, diameter – 5.5-6 cm;
- the raceme is long – up to 7 cm, the arrangement of flowers is dense;
- variety with a subtle unobtrusive aroma.
Planting and caring for mock orange in the Urals and Siberia
Mock orange is an unpretentious crop that can grow on any soil, both in open areas and in partial shade. Mock orange is grown in Siberia for decorative landscaping. It will be better for garden jasmine to bloom and grow if the conditions for choosing a location and planting time are met.
Recommended timing
Planting mock orange in Siberia is best done in the fall. The plant takes root well and quickly on the site; the bush is placed in the ground in mid-September or early October, so that there are at least 30 days left before the onset of frost. During this period, the mock orange will completely take root. Spring planting is not suitable for Siberia. The seedling is placed in the soil until the buds swell; in a temperate climate, the soil will not have time to warm up by this time.
Site selection and soil preparation
All varieties and hybrids of mock orange are photophilous; the crop requires sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis. In partial shade or under the dense crown of large trees, the shrub stretches out, does not gain green mass well, the flowering is not abundant, the flowers are small. All of these factors affect the decorativeness of the plant; it loses its value. Therefore, an open place is allocated, with good air circulation.
The soils chosen are fertile, light, dry, and aerated. The composition is neutral, mock orange will not grow on acidic or alkaline soils; if necessary, the composition is adjusted. The landing site is prepared 10 days before the event. A cone-shaped hole is dug, the diameter and depth are 55 cm. The bottom is covered with a drainage cushion, and 1 day before planting the mock orange, the hole is filled with water.
Landing algorithm
A seedling is taken from one year of growing season, the root system is disinfected with a manganese solution and placed in a growth stimulator for 3 hours.During this time, a soil mixture is prepared from peat, humus, compost, and soil from the planting site in equal parts. If the soil is heavy, add sand approximately 30% of the total volume.
Sequence of action:
- A portion of the nutrient substrate is poured into the bottom of the pit and filled with water.
- Place a seedling in the center.
- Fill the cavity to the edge with the mixture.
- Cover with dry soil on top.
- After 1 day, mulch with sawdust or peat.
If after planting the root collar is covered with soil no more than 3 cm, the soil will settle after watering. It is not recommended to go deeper so as not to provoke rotting. The best option is that the neck should be level with the surface. The distance for mass planting to create a hedge is 70 cm.
Growing mock orange in Siberia and the Urals
The photo shows the last stage of planting mock orange in Siberia; for further growth, the seedling needs appropriate care, which includes watering, fertilizing and pruning. All varieties recommended for temperate climates are highly frost-resistant, and shoots quickly recover after freezing. To avoid a stressful situation, it is better to cover the plant for the winter.
Watering and fertilizing schedule
Mock orange is a moisture-loving plant with a low drought tolerance. Regardless of the region of growth (both in Siberia and the South), the shrub requires constant watering. The seedlings are watered every 6 days using 5 liters of water. Mature shrub once every 15 days, the required volume of water is 15 liters. This graph is calculated taking into account the complete absence of precipitation. A sign of moisture deficiency will be the loss of turgor in the leaves, they droop and begin to turn yellow at the edges.
They begin to feed mock orange in the second year of the growing season. In the spring, before the formation of buds and during flowering, liquid organic matter is added to the root.After flowering, the tree trunk circle is covered with ash. At the end of August, for better formation of flower buds, they are fed with phosphorus and potassium agents.
Loosening and mulching the soil
The first mandatory loosening is necessary for the mock orange during the swelling of the buds. Subsequent ones are carried out as the weeds grow and the soil dries out. Mulching will eliminate unnecessary loosening, stop the growth of weeds, retain the necessary moisture and protect the roots from overheating in the summer. The mulch layer in Siberia is renewed every spring after the first weeding.
Trimming
In the second year of growth, the shrub will bloom with single flowers, without leaving buds. At the end of summer, the crown of the mock orange is trimmed, the shape and height are adjusted, and in the spring, damaged shoots are cut off, as well as those that are bent and growing inside the bush. In the third year, the plant enters the full flowering phase. After flowering, the shoots are completely removed.
In the 4th year of growth, in addition to the listed activities, rejuvenating pruning is carried out: all stems are cut off at the root, leaving 3-4 young strong shoots. The procedure is carried out every year. If the bush is very thick, thin, old branches are removed from the central part of the bush.
Preparing mock orange for winter in the Urals and Siberia
Adapted mock orange varieties tolerate low temperatures well. Taking into account the fact that the biological species is thermophilic, it is not worth the risk when growing in Siberia. If you do not use shelter from frost, instability in winter temperatures can lead to the death of an annual plant. The bush is mulched, the branches are tied together with twine, and bent to the ground. Cover the top with dry leaves and add a snowdrift in winter. An adult mock orange is watered abundantly, the mulch layer is increased, and the branches are cut to approximately the level of the snow layer. In spring, the shrub will quickly recover and bloom profusely.
Pests and diseases
Most of the pests that threaten plants in warm climates do not survive in Siberia. There are spider mites, they get rid of them with Fitoverm. Leaf weevil parasitizes less often; insects are destroyed with the chemical preparation “Bitoxibacillin”.
The only infection that affects mock orange in Siberia is brown spot. The fungus grows at the end of July and appears as small dark brown spots with a white border on the lower part of the leaves. At the first signs of infection, damaged areas are removed, and the leaves, after falling, are collected and burned. The bush is treated with copper-based preparations.
Conclusion
Planting and caring for mock orange in Siberia includes feeding, watering, pruning and covering the seedlings for the winter. Only if agricultural techniques are followed, it is possible to grow a highly decorative, profusely flowering shrub. A healthy, well-developed mock orange will decorate your garden or summer cottage for many years.
